scholarly journals Genetics of Hybrid Sterility and Hybrid Breakdown in an Intersubspecific Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Population

Genetics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 145 (4) ◽  
pp. 1139-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhikang Li ◽  
Shannon R M Pinson ◽  
Andrew H Paterson ◽  
William D Park ◽  
James W Stansel
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Hybrid Sterility ◽  
Rice Genome ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Progeny Testing ◽  
Hybrid Breakdown ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Complicated Nature

F1 hybrid sterility and “hybrid breakdown” of F2 and later generations in rice (Oryza sativa L.) are common and genetically complicated. We used a restriction fragment length polymorphism linkage map and F4 progeny testing to investigate hybrid sterility and hybrid breakdown in a cross between “widely compatible” O. sativa ssp. japonica cultivar Lemont from the Southern U.S. and ssp. indica cultivar Teqing from China. Our results implicate different genetic mechanisms in hybrid sterility and hybrid breakdown, respectively. Hybrid sterility appeared to be due to recombination within a number of putative differentiated “supergenes” in the rice genome, which may reflect cryptic structural rearrangements. The cytoplasmic genome had a large effect on fertility of both male and female gametes in the F1 hybrids. There appeared to be a pair of complementary genes that behaved like “wide compatibility” genes. This pair of genes and the “gamete eliminator” (S1) or “egg killer” (S-5) may influence the phenotypic effects of presumed supergenes in hybrids. Hybrid breakdown appeared to be largely due to incompatibilities between indica and japonica alleles at many unlinked epistatic loci in the genome. These proposed mechanisms may partly account for the complicated nature of postreproductive barriers in rice.

scholarly journals Combining Ability and Heterosis for Grain Yield and its Component Traits in Rice(Oryza sativa L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srikrishna LATHA ◽  
Deepak SHARMA ◽  
Gulzar S. SANGHERA
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Standard Heterosis ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Yield Trials

The nature and magnitude of heterosis and combining ability was studied in 18 F1 hybrids involving three CMS lines and six testers using line × tester analysis. The analysis of variance for combining ability of all the traits showed that variances due to treatments, parents, hybrids were highly significant. The line ‘CRMS 32A’ and testers viz. ‘Super rice-8’, ‘R 1099-2569-1-1’ and ‘Jitpiti’ were identified as good general combiners. The significant differences between lines x testers interaction indicates that SCA attributed heavily in the expression of these traits and demonstrates the importance of dominance or non additive variances for all the traits. The hybrid ‘CRMS 32A’/‘R 1099-2569-1-1’ and ‘APMS 6A’/‘Super rice-8’ were promising for grain yield. The magnitude of relative heterosis, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis were also estimated for different characters. A high degree of relative heterosis was observed for grain yield (20.45- 82.37%) in the hybrids viz., ‘CRMS 32A’/‘Super rice-8’, ‘APMS 6A’/‘Super rice-8’, ‘APMS 6A’/‘Jitpiti’ and ‘CRMS 32A’/‘R 1099-2569-1-1’. While, a higher degree of: heterobeltiosis (13.60 -68.37%) was observed for grain yield in the hybrids viz., ‘CRMS 32A’/‘Super rice-8’, ‘CRMS 32A’/‘R 1099-2569-1-1’, ‘APMS 6A’/’Super rice-8’ and ‘APMS 6A’/’Jitpiti’. A high degree of standard heterosis was observed for grain yield in the hybrid ‘CRMS 32A’/‘R 1099-2569-1-1’. The hybrid ‘CRMS 32A’/ ‘R 1099-2569-1-1’ recorded a high degree of relative heterosis (62.01%), heterobeltiosis (57.35%) and standard heterosis (15.05 and 25.51% over check hybrids, ‘Mahamaya’ and ‘Indirasona’, respectively) that can be tested on yield trials for its further testing over locations.

scholarly journals Seed fertility of F1 hybrids between upland rice NERICA cultivars and Oryza sativa L. or O. glaberrima Steud.

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoichi Ikeda ◽  
Yoshimi Sokei ◽  
Inoussa Akintayo
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Seed Fertility

scholarly journals OsCpn60β1 is Essential for Chloroplast Development in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 4023
Author(s):  
Qingfei Wu ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Yue Chen ◽  
Kaiyue Zhou ◽  
Yihua Zhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Chloroplast Development ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Genome ◽  
Targeted Mutagenesis ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Microscopy Observation ◽  
Leaf Phenotype ◽  
Chaperonin 60

The chaperonin 60 (Cpn60) protein is of great importance to plants due to its involvement in modulating the folding of numerous chloroplast protein polypeptides. In chloroplasts, Cpn60 is differentiated into two subunit types—Cpn60α and Cpn60β and the rice genome encodes three α and three β plastid chaperonin subunits. However, the functions of Cpn60 family members in rice were poorly understood. In order to investigate the molecular mechanism of OsCpn60β1, we attempted to disrupt the OsCpn60β1 gene by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis in this study. We succeeded in the production of homozygous OsCpn60β1 knockout rice plants. The OsCpn60β1 mutant displayed a striking albino leaf phenotype and was seedling lethal. Electron microscopy observation demonstrated that chloroplasts were severely disrupted in the OsCpn60β1 mutant. In addition, OsCpn60β1 was located in the chloroplast and OsCpn60β1 is constitutively expressed in various tissues particularly in the green tissues. The label-free qualitative proteomics showed that photosynthesis-related pathways and ribosomal pathways were significantly inhibited in OsCpn60β1 mutants. These results indicate that OsCpn60β1 is essential for chloroplast development in rice.

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