scholarly journals MEIOTIC DRIVE IN NATURAL POPULATIONS OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER. V. ON THE NATURE OF THE SD REGION

Genetics ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 1671-1689 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Sandler ◽  
Yuichiro Hiraizumi
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Meiotic Drive

scholarly journals Variation in Y Chromosome Segregation in Natural Populations of Drosophila melanogaster

Genetics ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-151
Author(s):  
Andrew G Clark
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Segregation ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Meiotic Drive ◽  
Adult Offspring ◽  
Functional Variation ◽  
Y Chromosomes ◽  
Geographic Origins

ABSTRACT Functional variation among Y chromosomes in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster was assayed by a segregation study. A total of 36 Y chromosomes was extracted and ten generations of replacement backcrossing yielded stocks with Y chromosomes in two different genetic backgrounds. Eleven of the Y chromosomes were from diverse geographic origins, and the remaining 25 were from locally captured flies. Segregation of sexes in adult offspring was scored for the four possible crosses among the two backgrounds with each Y chromosome. Although the design confounds meiotic drive and effects on viability, statistical partitioning of these effects reveals significant variation among lines in Y chromosome segregation. Results are discussed in regards to models of Y-linked segregation and viability effects, which suggest that Y-linked adaptive polymorphism is unlikely.

scholarly journals A Protamine Knockdown Mimics the Function of Sd in Drosophila melanogaster

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 2111-2115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke F. Gingell ◽  
Janna R. McLean
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Nuclear Import ◽  
Nuclear Transport ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Meiotic Drive ◽  
Gene Complex ◽  
Unique Role ◽  
Spermatid Nucleus ◽  
Import And Export

Segregation Distorter (SD) is an autosomal meiotic drive system found worldwide in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster. This gene complex induces the preferential and nearly exclusive transmission of the SD chromosome in SD/SD+ males. This selfish propagation occurs through the interplay of the Sd locus, its enhancers and the Rsps locus during spermatid development. The key distorter locus, Sd, encodes a truncated but enzymatically active RanGAP (RanGTPase-activating protein), a key nuclear transport factor in the Ran signaling pathway. When encoded by Sd, RanGAP is mislocalized to the nucleus interior, which then traps Ran inside the nucleus and disrupts nuclear import. As a result of this aberrant nuclear transport, a process known as the histone-to-protamine transition that is required for proper spermatid condensation fails to occur in SD/SD+ males. In this process, sperm-specific protamine proteins enter the spermatid nucleus and replace the formerly chromatin-complexed histones. Previously, we have shown that mutations affecting nuclear import and export can enhance distortion in an SD background, thus verifying that a defect in nuclear transport is responsible for the unequal transmission of chromosomes. Herein, we show that specifically reducing protamines induces distortion in an SD background, verifying that protamines are transported via the RanGAP/GEF pathway and indicating that E(SD) plays a significant and unique role in the process of distortion.

scholarly journals Rapid Evolution of a Coadapted Gene Complex: Evidence From the Segregation Distorter (SD) System of Meiotic Drive in Drosophila melanogaster

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 1675-1688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F Palopoli ◽  
Chung-I Wu
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Meiotic Drive ◽  
Pericentromeric Region ◽  
Genomic Region ◽  
Gene Complex ◽  
Segregation Distorter ◽  
Normal Homologue ◽  
Coadapted Gene Complex

Abstract Segregation Distorter (SD) is a system of meiotic drive found in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster. Males heterozygous for an SD second chromosome and a normal homologue (SD  +) produce predominantly SD-bearing sperm. The coadapted gene complex responsible for this transmission advantage spans the second chromosome centromere, consisting of three major and several minor interacting loci. To investigate the evolutionary history of this system, we surveyed levels of polymorphism and divergence at six genes that together encompass this pericentromeric region and span seven map units. Interestingly, there was no discernible divergence between SD and SD  + chromosomes for any of these molecular markers. Furthermore, SD chromosomes harbored much less polymorphism than did SD  + chromosomes. The results suggest that the SD system evolved recently, swept to appreciable frequencies worldwide, and carried with it the entire second chromosome centromeric region (roughly 10% of the genome). Despite its well-documented genetic complexity, this coadapted system appears to have evolved on a time scale that is much shorter than can be gauged using nucleotide substitution data. Finally, the large genomic region hitchhiking with SD indicates that a multilocus, epistatically selected system could affect the levels of DNA polymorphism observed in regions of reduced recombination.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document