Middle–Late Permian magnetostratigraphy and the onset of the Illawarra Reversals in the northeastern Parana Basin, South America

2021 ◽  
Vol 225 (2) ◽  
pp. 860-871
Author(s):  
Marcela Aragão ◽  
Giancarlo Scardia
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Accumulation ◽  
Magnetic Polarity ◽  
Large Igneous Province ◽  
Upper Permian ◽  
Late Permian ◽  
Reverse Polarity ◽  
Karoo Basin ◽  
Paraná Basin ◽  
Dual Polarity ◽  
Parana Basin

SUMMARY Recent compilations of the Illawarra Reversals show remarkable differences in the onset age (265 Ma versus 269 Ma) and the magnetic polarity pattern, hampering the establishment of a reference geomagnetic timescale for the Middle–Late Permian. The Parana Basin hosts a 7-km-thick, discontinuous sedimentary succession spanning the Palaeozoic to the Mesozoic, including the Gondwana 1 supersequence which extends from Late Carboniferous to the Triassic or Jurassic. We provide the magnetostratigraphy of the middle and upper Permian part of this sequence of a ca. 300-m-long core, pertaining to the Passa Dois Group and the Piramboia Formation. Sample demagnetization of NRM revealed two magnetic overprints ascribed to the Brunhes chron and to the emplacement of Parana Large Igneous Province in the Early Cretaceous, respectively. Stable, dual polarity characteristic components (ChRM) were isolated at temperatures higher than 450 °C and interpreted as a primary detrital magnetic remanence (DRM), acquired during or soon after sediment deposition. Available U-Pb dating on volcanic zircons from the literature provided independent chronologic constraints for our magnetostratigraphy. A total of 8 reverse polarity intervals were identified, the lowermost of which (up to 110 m thick) correlates to the Kiaman Superchron. The overlying Illawarra is dominated by a reverse polarity magnetization with thin (4–5 m thick) normal polarity intervals. This pattern agrees with the Illawarra sequence from the Karoo Basin and other proposed timescales for the Permian. The onset of the Illawarra reversals is interpolated to ca. 270 Ma, close to the age of 269 Ma from the Karoo Basin. Combined magnetostratigraphy and geochronology yielded sediment accumulation rates of ca. 8 m Myr–1 for the Passa Dois Group in the northeastern (marginal) sector of the Parana Basin, indicating that Serra Alta and Teresina Formations span 279–274 Ma and 274–254 Ma, respectively.

scholarly journals Coupled stratigraphic and U-Pb zircon age constraints on the late Paleozoic icehouse-to-greenhouse turnover in south-central Gondwana

Geology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 1146-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Patrick Griffis ◽  
Isabel Patricia Montañez ◽  
Roland Mundil ◽  
Jon Richey ◽  
John Isbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ice Age ◽  
Late Paleozoic ◽  
Karoo Basin ◽  
Base Level ◽  
South Central ◽  
Paraná Basin ◽  
Forcing Mechanisms ◽  
Sequence Boundaries ◽  
Parana Basin ◽  
Order Sequence

Abstract The demise of the Late Paleozoic Ice Age has been hypothesized as diachronous, occurring first in western South America and progressing eastward across Africa and culminating in Australia over an ∼60 m.y. period, suggesting tectonic forcing mechanisms that operate on time scales of 106 yr or longer. We test this diachronous deglaciation hypothesis for southwestern and south-central Gondwana with new single crystal U-Pb zircon chemical abrasion thermal ionizing mass spectrometry (CA-TIMS) ages from volcaniclastic deposits in the Paraná (Brazil) and Karoo (South Africa) Basins that span the terminal deglaciation through the early postglacial period. Intrabasinal stratigraphic correlations permitted by the new high-resolution radioisotope ages indicate that deglaciation across the S to SE Paraná Basin was synchronous, with glaciation constrained to the Carboniferous. Cross-basin correlation reveals two additional glacial-deglacial cycles in the Karoo Basin after the terminal deglaciation in the Paraná Basin. South African glaciations were penecontemporaneous (within U-Pb age uncertainties) with third-order sequence boundaries (i.e., inferred base-level falls) in the Paraná Basin. Synchroneity between early Permian glacial-deglacial events in southwestern to south-central Gondwana and pCO2 fluctuations suggest a primary CO2 control on ice thresholds. The occurrence of renewed glaciation in the Karoo Basin, after terminal deglaciation in the Paraná Basin, reflects the secondary influences of regional paleogeography, topography, and moisture sources.

Late Paleozoic (Gondwanan) ostracodes in the Corumbataí Formation, Paraná Basin, Brazil

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. G. Sohn ◽  
A. C. Rocha-Campos
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Flat ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Late Paleozoic ◽  
Late Permian ◽  
The North ◽  
Lower Gondwana ◽  
Low Diversity ◽  
Paraná Basin ◽  
Parana Basin ◽  
Stratigraphic Range

An abundant, low diversity, poorly preserved Late Permian ostracode faunule was recovered from residues of dissolved limestone. Collections are from the Corumbataí Formation exposed near Conchas, about 194 km northwest of São Paulo and from a borehole into the upper part of the Corumbataí Formation. Although the Corumbataí Formation has been interpreted mainly as a restricted marine-transitional offshore/shoreface and tidal-flat deposit, the ostracodes represent nonmarine taxa. Steinkerns ofCandona, Cypridopsis?, Darwinula?, Gutschickia?, and genus unknown are illustrated in open nomenclature; they indicate freshwater influences. Several Permian marine genera from lower Gondwana (=Carboniferous-Permian), illustrated in open nomenclature, show that their steinkerns would differ from those illustrated here from Brazil. Although the Late Permian drainage from the north into the Paraná Basin has been considered to have been meager, rivers from the north must have supplied sufficient water to freshen the margins of the basin so that immigration of nonmarine ostracodes occurred.Based on the similarity of the distinctive lateral outline of the Brazilian specimens to the nonmarine living genusCandona, the stratigraphic range of the genus is tentatively extended into the Permian.

scholarly journals Presencia de Bryopsida fértil en los niveles Westfalianos del subgrup Itararé, Cuenca de Paraná, Brasil

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula G.C. Amaral ◽  
Mary Bernardes De Oliveira ◽  
Fresia Ricardi-Branco ◽  
Jean Broutin
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Female Gametophyte ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Russian Platform ◽  
Karoo Basin ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Tundra Vegetation ◽  
Paraná Basin ◽  
Parana Basin

The bryophyte fossils are rare, mainly in Paleozoic sedimentary rocks in spite of being present since the Silurian Period. In the Division Bryophyta, the fossils that belong to the Class Bryopsida are recognized since the Carboniferous, but they are extremely scarce. They are plentiful only in Permian sediments, in the Petchora, Kuznetsk and Russian Platform basins, also in Antarctica, Karoo basin (the last in South Africa) and India. Identified at the genus Dwykea, gametophyte specimens bearing pleurocarpous sporophyte were recovered from the lowermost levels of Itararé Subgroup, near Campinas city, S. Paulo State. These fossils correspond to the first register of bryophyte female gametophyte for the Carboniferous Period. The microflora in association with these fossils allow correlations of these levels to the Palynozone Ahrensisporites cristatus of Westphalian age. Related to proglacial sediments, they may correspond to a tundra vegetation covering the Northeastern border of Paraná Basin, during the Westphalian.

scholarly journals Permian plants from the Chutani Formation (Titicaca Group, Northern Altiplano of Bolivia): II. The morphogenus Glossopteris

2004 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Iannuzzi ◽  
Carlos E. L. Vieira ◽  
Margot Guerra-Sommer ◽  
Enrique Díaz-Martínez ◽  
George W. Grader
Keyword(s):  
Late Permian ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Fossil Plants ◽  
Fossil Plant ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Lake Titicaca ◽  
Paraná Basin ◽  
Parana Basin ◽  
The Town

Fossil plants belonging to the morphogenera Glossopteris, Pecopteris and Asterotheca were collected from the upper part of the Chutani Formation (Titicaca Group), near the town of San Pablo de Tiquina, on the southeastern shore of Lake Titicaca (northern Altiplano, Bolivia). This paper presents the first description of specimens of the morphogenus Glossopteris from Bolivia. The Bolivian specimens of Glossopteris consist of poorly-preserved impressions, although they present the diagnostic features of this morphogenus. They are fragments of leaves with secondary veins of taeniopterid-type, typical of glossopterids from Late Permian deposits of Gondwana. The only species of Pecopteris confirmed in the first part of this study, i.e. P. dolianitii Rösler and Rohn (see Vieira et al. 2004), was previously reported from the Late Permian beds of the Rio do Rasto and Estrada Nova formations in the Paraná Basin (southern Brazil). Therefore, a Late Permian age is proposed for the fossil plant-bearing beds of the Chutani Formation based on the analyzed assemblage. The phytogeographic implications of this new find are briefly analyzed.

scholarly journals A tale of two Tweefonteins: What physical correlation, geochronology, magnetic polarity stratigraphy, and palynology reveal about the end-Permian terrestrial extinction paradigm in South Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Gastaldo ◽  
Johann Neveling ◽  
John W. Geissman ◽  
Sandra L. Kamo ◽  
Cindy V. Looy
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Magnetic Polarity ◽  
Free State ◽  
Upper Permian ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Karoo Basin ◽  
Permian Mass Extinction

The contact between the Daptocephalus to Lystrosaurus declivis (previously Lystrosaurus) Assemblage Zones (AZs) described from continental deposits of the Karoo Basin was commonly interpreted to represent an extinction crisis associated with the end-Permian mass-extinction event at ca. 251.901 ± 0.024 Ma. This terrestrial extinction model is based on several sections in the Eastern Cape and Free State Provinces of South Africa. Here, new stratigraphic and paleontologic data are presented for the Eastern Cape Province, in geochronologic and magnetostratigraphic context, wherein lithologic and biologic changes are assessed over a physically correlated stratigraphy exceeding 4.5 km in distance. Spatial variation in lithofacies demonstrates the gradational nature of lithostratigraphic boundaries and depositional trends. This pattern is mimicked by the distribution of vertebrates assigned to the Daptocephalus and L. declivis AZs where diagnostic taxa of each co-occur as lateral equivalents in landscapes dominated by a Glossopteris flora. High-precision U-Pb zircon (chemical abrasion-isotope dilution-thermal ionization mass spectrometry) age results indicate maximum Changhsingian depositional dates that can be used as approximate tie points in our stratigraphic framework, which is supported by a magnetic polarity stratigraphy. The coeval nature of diagnostic pre- and post-extinction vertebrate taxa demonstrates that the L. declivis AZ did not replace the Daptocephalus AZ stratigraphically, that a biotic crisis and turnover likely is absent, and a reevaluation is required for the utilization of these biozones here and globally. Based on our data set, we propose a multidisciplinary approach to correlate the classic Upper Permian localities of the Eastern Cape Province with the Free State Province localities, which demonstrates their time-transgressive nature.

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