2018 ◽  
Vol 216 (3) ◽  
pp. 2044-2070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Einar Iversen ◽  
Bjørn Ursin ◽  
Teemu Saksala ◽  
Joonas Ilmavirta ◽  
Maarten V de Hoop

Geophysics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1812-1816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Hanitzsch

Three different theoretical approaches to amplitude‐preserving Kirchhoff depth migration are compared. Each of them suggests applying weights in the diffraction stack migration to correct for amplitude loss resulting from geometric spreading. The weight functions are given in different notations, but as is shown, all of these expressions are similar. A notation that is well suited for implementation is suggested: entirely in terms of Green's function quantities (amplitudes or point‐source propagators). For the most common prestack configurations (common‐shot and common‐offset) and 3-D, 2.5-D, and 2-D migrations, expressions of the weights are given in this notation. The quantities needed for calculation of the weights can be computed easily, e.g., by dynamic ray tracing.


2020 ◽  
Vol 221 (3) ◽  
pp. 1765-1776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Wei ◽  
Li-Yun Fu ◽  
Zhi-Wei Wang ◽  
Jing Ba ◽  
José M Carcione

SUMMARY The Lord–Shulman thermoelasticity theory combined with Biot equations of poroelasticity, describes wave dissipation due to fluid and heat flow. This theory avoids an unphysical behaviour of the thermoelastic waves present in the classical theory based on a parabolic heat equation, that is infinite velocity. A plane-wave analysis predicts four propagation modes: the classical P and S waves and two slow waves, namely, the Biot and thermal modes. We obtain the frequency-domain Green's function in homogeneous media as the displacements-temperature solution of the thermo-poroelasticity equations. The numerical examples validate the presence of the wave modes predicted by the plane-wave analysis. The S wave is not affected by heat diffusion, whereas the P wave shows an anelastic behaviour, and the slow modes present a diffusive behaviour depending on the viscosity, frequency and thermoelasticity properties. In heterogeneous media, the P wave undergoes mesoscopic attenuation through energy conversion to the slow modes. The Green's function is useful to study the physics in thermoelastic media and test numerical algorithms.


Geophysics ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 692-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hubral ◽  
Jorg Schleicher ◽  
Martin Tygel

Zero‐offset reflections resulting from point sources are often computed on a large scale in three‐dimensional (3-D) laterally inhomogeneous isotropic media with the help of ray theory. The geometrical‐spreading factor and the number of caustics that determine the shape of the reflected pulse are then generally obtained by integrating the so‐called dynamic ray‐tracing system down and up to the two‐way normal incidence ray. Assuming that this ray is already known, we show that one integration of the dynamic ray‐tracing system in a downward direction with only the initial condition of a point source at the earth’s surface is in fact sufficient to obtain both results. To establish the Fresnel zone of the zero‐offset reflection upon the reflector requires the same single downward integration. By performing a second downward integration (using the initial conditions of a plane wave at the earth’s surface) the complete Fresnel volume around the two‐way normal ray can be found. This should be known to ascertain the validity of the computed zero‐offset event. A careful analysis of the problem as performed here shows that round‐trip integrations of the dynamic ray‐tracing system following the actually propagating wavefront along the two‐way normal ray need never be considered. In fact some useful quantities related to the two‐way normal ray (e.g., the normal‐moveout velocity) require only one single integration in one specific direction only. Finally, a two‐point ray tracing for normal rays can be derived from one‐way dynamic ray tracing.


2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jincheng Lv ◽  
Shike Zhang ◽  
Xinsheng Yuan

A Green’s function approach is developed for the analytic solution of thick-walled spherical shell under an isotropic impact load, which involves building Green’s function of this problem by using the appropriate boundary conditions of thick-walled spherical shell. This method can be used to analyze displacement distribution and dynamic stress distribution of the thick-walled spherical shell. The advantages of this method are able(1)to avoid the superposition process of quasi-static solution and free vibration solution during decomposition of dynamic general solution of dynamics,(2)to well adapt for various initial conditions, and(3)to conveniently analyze the dynamic stress distribution using numerical calculation. Finally, a special case is performed to verify that the proposed Green’s function method is able to accurately analyze the dynamic stress distribution of thick-walled spherical shell under an isotropic impact load.


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