scholarly journals Analysis of hedgehog signaling in cerebellar granule cell precursors in a conditional Nsdhl allele demonstrates an essential role for cholesterol in postnatal CNS development

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 2808-2825 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Cunningham ◽  
Andrea E. DeBarber ◽  
Natalie Bir ◽  
Laura Binkley ◽  
Louise S. Merkens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granule Cell ◽  
Hedgehog Signaling ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Cerebellar Granule Cell ◽  
Cns Development ◽  
Cerebellar Granule ◽  
Granule Cell Precursors

scholarly journals Plasticity of cerebellar granule cell precursors.

2003 ◽  
Vol 79B (7) ◽  
pp. 223-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki OKANO-UCHIDA ◽  
Toshiyuki HIMI ◽  
Yoshiaki KOMIYA ◽  
Yasuki ISHIZAKI
Keyword(s):  
Granule Cell ◽  
Cerebellar Granule Cell ◽  
Cerebellar Granule ◽  
Granule Cell Precursors

scholarly journals Cerebellar granule cell precursors can differentiate into astroglial cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 1211-1216 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Okano-Uchida ◽  
T. Himi ◽  
Y. Komiya ◽  
Y. Ishizaki
Keyword(s):  
Granule Cell ◽  
Cerebellar Granule Cell ◽  
Astroglial Cells ◽  
Cerebellar Granule ◽  
Granule Cell Precursors

scholarly journals Inducible Cre recombinase activity in mouse cerebellar granule cell precursors and inner ear hair cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 235 (11) ◽  
pp. 2991-2998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lionel M.L. Chow ◽  
Yong Tian ◽  
Thomas Weber ◽  
Mary Corbett ◽  
Jian Zuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inner Ear ◽  
Granule Cell ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Cre Recombinase ◽  
Cerebellar Granule Cell ◽  
Cerebellar Granule ◽  
Granule Cell Precursors

scholarly journals Cerebellar granule cell precursors can extend processes, undergo short migratory movements and express postmitotic markers before mitosis in the chick EGL

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michalina Hanzel ◽  
Richard JT Wingate
Keyword(s):  
Granule Cell ◽  
Granule Cells ◽  
Cerebellar Granule Cells ◽  
Cerebellar Granule Cell ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Differentiation Markers ◽  
Fixed Tissue ◽  
Cerebellar Granule ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Granule Cell Precursors

Cerebellar granule cell precursors (GCPs) form a secondary germinative epithelium, the external germinal layer (EGL) where they proliferate extensively to produce the most numerous cell type in the brain. The morphological sequence of events that characterizes the differentiation of GCPs in the EGL is well established. However, morphologies of individual GCP and their differentiation status have never been correlated. Here, we examine the morphological features and transitions of GCPs in the chicken cerebellum by labelling a subset of GCPs with a stable genomic expression of a GFP transgene and following their development within the EGL in fixed tissue and using time-lapse imaging. We use immunohistochemistry to observe cellular morphologies of mitotic and differentiating GCPs to better understand their differentiation dynamics. Results reveal that mitotic activities of GCPs are more complex and dynamic than currently appreciated. While most GCPs divide in the outer and middle EGL, some are capable of division in the inner EGL. Some GCPs remain mitotically active during process extension and tangential migration and retract their processes prior to each cell division. The mitotically active precursors can also express differentiation markers such as TAG1 and NeuroD1. Further, we explore the result of misexpression of NeuroD1 on granule cell development. When misexpressed in GCPs, NeuroD1 leads to premature differentiation, defects in migration and reduced cerebellar size and foliation. Overall, we provide the first characterisation of individual morphologies of mitotically active cerebellar GCPs in ovo and reaffirm the role of NeuroD1 as a differentiation factor in the development of cerebellar granule cells.

Gs-linked receptor GPR3 modulates proliferation and differentiation of cerebellar granule cell precursors

2009 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. S92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeru Tanaka ◽  
Imran M. Shaikh ◽  
E. Antonio chiocca ◽  
Norio Sakai ◽  
Yoshinaga Saeki
Keyword(s):  
Granule Cell ◽  
Cerebellar Granule Cell ◽  
Cerebellar Granule ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Granule Cell Precursors

αvβ5 integrin mediates the effect of vitronectin on the initial stage of differentiation in mouse cerebellar granule cell precursors

2018 ◽  
Vol 1691 ◽  
pp. 94-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayaka Abe ◽  
Kei Hashimoto ◽  
Ayumi Akiyama ◽  
Momoe Iida ◽  
Natsumi Ikeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granule Cell ◽  
Cerebellar Granule Cell ◽  
Cerebellar Granule ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Granule Cell Precursors

scholarly journals Blockade of Estrogen Receptor Signaling Inhibits Growth and Migration of Medulloblastoma

Endocrinology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 150 (3) ◽  
pp. 1112-1121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott M. Belcher ◽  
Xiaolan Ma ◽  
Hoa H. Le
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Granule Cell ◽  
Cerebellar Granule Cell ◽  
Cellular Migration ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Cerebellar Granule ◽  
Selective Agonist ◽  
Xenograft Models ◽  
Granule Cell Precursors

Medulloblastoma (MD) is the most common malignant brain tumor in children. These invasive neuroectodermal tumors arise from cerebellar granule cell-like precursors. In the developing cerebellum, estrogen influences growth and viability of granule cell precursors that transiently express elevated levels estrogen receptor-β (ERβ) during differentiation. Immunoanalysis revealed that ERβ was expressed in the maturing human cerebellum, in all 22 primary MD tumors analyzed, and in two MD-derived cell lines (D283Med and Daoy). Very low levels of ERα-like proteins were detected in each cell line and 41% of tumor samples. Physiological concentrations of the 17β-estradiol- or the ERβ-selective agonist 2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionitrile diarylpropionitrile dose-dependently increased MD growth and cellular migration. In contrast, the ERα-selective agonist (4-propyl-[1H]pyrazole-1,3,5-triyl) trisphenol did not influence MD growth. Similar to previous studies in normal cerebellar granule cell precursors, these studies demonstrate that the physiological actions of estrogens in MD are mediated by ERβ. Preclinical studies assessing the therapeutic efficacy of antiestrogen chemotherapeutics for treating human MD were performed. It was found that pharmacological inhibition of ER-mediated signaling with the ER antagonist drug Faslodex (ICI182,780) blocked all estrogen-mediated effects in both cell culture and xenograft models of human MD. These studies have revealed that functional ERβ expression is a fundamental aspect of MD biology and has defined antiestrogen therapy as a potentially efficacious clinical approach to improve the long-term outcomes for MD patients. Estrogens, via ERβ, stimulate growth of medulloblastoma. ICI182,780 and the antiestrogen drug Faslodex block estrogen-stimulated tumor growth in vitro and in xenograft models of medulloblastoma.

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