PT549. Increased white matter connectivity in traumatized children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

AbstractThe current study examined regional frontal lobe volumes based on functionally relevant subdivisions in contemporaneously recruited samples of boys and girls with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Forty-four boys (21 ADHD, 23 control) and 42 girls (21 ADHD, 21 control), ages 8–13 years, participated. Sulcal–gyral landmarks were used to manually delimit functionally relevant regions within the frontal lobe: primary motor cortex, anterior cingulate, deep white matter, premotor regions [supplementary motor complex (SMC), frontal eye field, lateral premotor cortex (LPM)], and prefrontal cortex (PFC) regions [medial PFC, dorsolateral PFC (DLPFC), inferior PFC, lateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), and medial OFC]. Compared to sex-matched controls, boys and girls with ADHD showed reduced volumes (gray and white matter) in the left SMC. Conversely, girls (but not boys) with ADHD showed reduced gray matter volume in left LPM; while boys (but not girls) with ADHD showed reduced white matter volume in left medial PFC. Reduced left SMC gray matter volumes predicted increased go/no–go commission rate in children with ADHD. Reduced left LPM gray matter volumes predicted increased go/no–go variability, but only among girls with ADHD. Results highlight different patterns of anomalous frontal lobe development among boys and girls with ADHD beyond that detected by measuring whole lobar volumes. (JINS, 2011, 17, 1047–1057)

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Diffusion tensor imaging study of white matter fiber tracts in adolescent attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging ◽

10.1016/j.pscychresns.2012.11.008 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 211 (2) ◽

pp. 186-187 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Tzu-Chao Chuang ◽

Ming-Ting Wu ◽

Sheng-Po Huang ◽

Mei-Jui Weng ◽

Pinchen Yang

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽

White Matter ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Imaging Study ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Fiber Tracts ◽

White Matter Fiber Tracts ◽

Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study

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Deviant white matter structure in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder points to aberrant myelination and affects neuropsychological performance

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.04.008 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 63 ◽

pp. 14-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

A. Marten H. Onnink ◽

Marcel P. Zwiers ◽

Martine Hoogman ◽

Jeanette C. Mostert ◽

Janneke Dammers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

White Matter ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Neuropsychological Performance ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder

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White matter microstructure in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic tractography study in 654 individuals

10.1101/787713 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Christienne G. Damatac ◽

Roselyne J. M. Chauvin ◽

Marcel P. Zwiers ◽

Daan van Rooij ◽

Sophie E. A. Akkermans ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

White Matter ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽

Clinical Aspects ◽

Probabilistic Tractography ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

The Right ◽

Clinical Measures ◽

Symptom Measures

AbstractBackgroundAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by age-inappropriate levels of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity (HI). ADHD has been related to differences in white matter (WM) microstructure. However, much remains unclear regarding the nature of these WM differences, and which clinical aspects of ADHD they reflect. We systematically investigated if FA is associated with current and/or lifetime categorical diagnosis, impairment in daily life, and continuous ADHD symptom measures.MethodsDiffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) data were obtained from 654 participants (322 unaffected, 258 affected, 74 subthreshold; 7-29 years of age). We applied automated global probabilistic tractography on 18 major WM pathways. Linear mixed effects regression models were used to examine associations of clinical measures with overall brain and tract-specific fractional anisotropy (FA).ResultsThere were significant interactions of tract with all ADHD variables on FA. There were no significant associations of FA with current or lifetime diagnosis, nor with impairment. Lower FA in the right cingulum’s angular bundle (rCAB) was associated with higher hyperactivity/impulsivity symptom severity (PFWE=0.045). There were no significant effects for other tracts.ConclusionsThis is the first time global probabilistic tractography has been applied to an ADHD dataset of this size. We found no evidence for altered FA in association with ADHD diagnosis. Our findings indicate that associations of FA with ADHD are not uniformly distributed across WM tracts. Continuous symptom measures of ADHD may be more sensitive to FA than diagnostic categories. The rCAB in particular may play a role in symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity.

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