U.S. Food and Drug Administration Monitoring of Pesticide Residues in Infant Foods and Adult Foods Eaten by Infants/Children

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 492-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma J Yess ◽  
Ellis L Gunderson ◽  
Ronald R Roy
Keyword(s):  
Drug Administration ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Food And Drug Administration ◽  
Total Diet Study ◽  
Infant Foods ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Diet Study ◽  
Level Monitoring ◽  
The U.S

Abstract The U.S. Food and Drug Administration uses 3 approaches to monitor pesticide residues in foods: regulatory monitoring, incidence/level monitoring, and the Total Diet Study. The results of monitoring infant foods and adult foods that may be eaten by infants/children under these 3 approaches are presented. Under regulatory monitoring, which is performed to enforce tolerances set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), during fiscal years 1985-1991, over 10 000 such domestic and imported food samples were collected and analyzed, and under the Total Diet Study, in which pesticide residue intakes are estimated in foods prepared for consumption, the food items in 27 market baskets were analyzed. Under incidence/level monitoring, which is complementary to regulatory monitoring, over 4000 analyses were performed on infant foods and adult foods eaten by children. Fewer than 50 of the 10 000 regulatory samples had violative residues; nearly all of those were residues for which there was no tolerance for the particular commodity/pesticide combination. Under incidence/ level monitoring and the Total Diet Study, the levels of pesticide residues found in infant foods and adult foods eaten by children were well below tolerances set by EPA.

U.S. Food and Drug Administration Pesticide Program: Incidence/Level Monitoring of Domestic and Imported Pears and Tomatoes

1995 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 930-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald R Roy ◽  
Richard H Albert ◽  
Patrick Wilson ◽  
Ronald R Laski ◽  
James I Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Administration ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Food And Drug Administration ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Statistical Monitoring ◽  
Violation Rate ◽  
Level Monitoring ◽  
The U.S

Abstract In 1992–1993, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) conducted a statistically based study of pesticide residues in domestic and imported pears and tomatoes. For pears, 710 domestic and 949 imported samples were collected and analyzed; 79% of the domestic and 72% of the imported samples had detectable residues. Thiabendazole, a fungicide with postharvest uses, was found with greatest frequency in both groups of pears. Four domestic and 12 imported samples contained violative residues, mainly of pesticides for which there are no U.S. tolerances on pears. The statistically weighted (by shipment size) violation rates for domestic and imported pears were 1.0 and 0.9%, respectively. For tomatoes, 1219 domestic and 144 imported samples were collected and analyzed; 84% of the domestic and 91% of the imported samples had detectable residues. Methamidophos, an insecticide, had the greatest frequency of occurrence in both groups of tomatoes. Thirtythree domestic and 5 imported samples were violative, nearly all the result of acephate use, for which there is no U.S. tolerance on tomatoes. The statistically weighted violation rates for domestic and imported tomatoes were 1.9 and 7.0%, respectively. The statistically weighted violation rates calculated for domestic and imported pears and domestic tomatoes in this study were lower than those observed under FDA’s regulatory monitoring in recent years. The violation rate for imported tomatoes was somewhat higher under statistical monitoring than under regulatory monitoring. The results of the statistically based study show that, as in regulatory monitoring, the levels of pesticide residues found are generally well below U.S. tolerances.

scholarly journals Monitoring of Domestic and Imported Apples and Rice by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Pesticide Program

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 883-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald R Roy ◽  
Patrick Wilson ◽  
Ronald R Laski ◽  
James I Roberts ◽  
Joseph A Weishaar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Administration ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Food And Drug Administration ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
The U.S

Abstract In 1993-94, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) conducted a statistically based study of pesticide residues in domestic and imported fresh apples and processed rice. For apples, 769 domestic and 1062 imported samples were collected and analyzed; 85% of the domestic and 86% of the imported samples had detectable residues. Benomyl, a widely used fungicide, was found with greatest frequency in domestic apples, while diphenylamine was found most often in imported apples. One domestic and 4 imported samples contained violative residues of pesticides for which there are no U.S. tolerances on apples. The statistically weighted (by domestic packer throughput or import shipment size) violation rates for domestic and imported apples were 0.30% (0.13 unweighted) and 0.41% (0.38 unweighted), respectively. For rice, 598 domestic and 612 imported samples were collected and analyzed; 56% of the domestic and 12% of the imported samples had detectable residues. Malathion had the greatest frequency of occurrence in both groups of rice. Eight domestic and 9 imported samples were violative, all as a result of use of pesticides for which there are no U.S. tolerances on rice. The statistically weighted violation rates for domestic and imported rice were 0.43% (1.3 unweighted) and 1.1% (1.5 unweighted), respectively. Results of the statistically based study show that, as in FDA’s regulatory monitoring, the levels of most pesticide residues found in these 2 commodities are generally well below U.S. tolerances, and few violative residues are found.

FDA Total Diet Study, July 1986-April 1991, Dietary Intakes of Pesticides, Selected Elements, and Other Chemicals

1995 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 1353-1362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunderson Ellis L.
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Industrial Chemicals ◽  
Population Groups ◽  
Total Diet Study ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Diet Study ◽  
Daily Intakes ◽  
The U.S

Abstract The U.S. Food and Drug Administration conducts the Total Diet Study to determine dietary intakes of selected pesticides, industrial chemicals, and elements (including radionuclides). This paper reports results for the sampling period July 1986 to April 1991. The study involves retail purchase of foods representative of the "total diet" of the U.S. population, preparation for "table-ready" consumption, and individual analyses of 234 items making up the diets of 8 population groups. The diets were based on 2 nationwide food consumption surveys. The data presented represent 21 food collections (also termed "market baskets") in regional metropolitan areas during the 5-year period. Dietary intakes of nearly 120 analytes are presented for 8 population groups, which range from infants to elderly adults. Intakes of selected population groups are compared with representative findings from earlier Total Diet Study sampling periods. As reported previously, average daily intakes are well below acceptable limits.

Pesticide Residue Findings by the Luke Method in Domestic and Imported Foods and Animal Feeds for Fiscal Years 1982-1986

1988 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 875-892
Author(s):  
Harvey K Hundley, ◽  
Thomas Cairns ◽  
Milton A Luke ◽  
Herbert T Masumoto
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Data Base ◽  
Pesticide Residue ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Food And Drug Administration ◽  
Resultant Data ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Imported Foods ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Nearly 20 000 samples of food and feed commodities were analyzed for pesticide residues by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Los Angeles District Laboratory during the 5-year study period 1981- 1986. The resultant data base has been summarized to provide separate residue information for domestic and imported samples. The overall violation rates for domestic and imported samples collected on a surveillance basis were 3.0 and 2.6%, respectively. For domestic and imported samples collected on a compliance basis, the overall violation rates were 19.7 and 17.5%, respectively.

Phylloquinone (Vitamin K1) Content of Foods in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Total Diet Study

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1574-1579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L. Booth ◽  
James A. Sadowski ◽  
Jean A. T. Pennington
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K1 ◽  
Total Diet Study ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Diet Study ◽  
The U.S

Assessment of dietary intakes of nineteen pesticide residues among five socioeconomic sections of Hyderabad—a total diet study approach

2013 ◽  
Vol 186 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agatha Betsy ◽  
Sudershan Rao Vemula ◽  
SN Sinha ◽  
Vishnu Vardhana Rao Mendu ◽  
Kalpagam Polasa
Keyword(s):  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Total Diet Study ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Diet Study

Variability in foods from the U.S. total diet study

1996 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Jean A.T. Pennington
Keyword(s):  
Total Diet Study ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Diet Study ◽  
The U.S

The FDA Pesticides Monitoring Program

1987 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 591-595
Author(s):  
Donald V Reed ◽  
Pasquale Lombardo ◽  
John R Wessel ◽  
Jerry A Burke ◽  
Bernadette Mcmahon
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Extensive Program ◽  
The U.S

Abstract The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) carries out an extensive program to monitor foods for pesticide residues. The 2 main objectives of the program are to enforce tolerances established by the Environmental Protection Agency for pesticide residues on foods and feeds and to determine the incidence and level of pesticide residues in the food supply. Because of the wide diversity of pesticide/ commodity combinations encountered, FDA uses a number of different approaches to achieve effective consumer protection. The components of the FDA Pesticides Monitoring Program and the strategy used in its development are described.

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