Chemigation, or Application of Insecticide through Overhead Sprinkler Irrigation Systems, to Manage Insect Pests Infesting Vegetable and Agronomic Crops2

In arid and semi-arid regions, water-saving irrigation is the primary mode of local agricultural production. Since the chemical fertilizer is the principal source of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, we present results from a two-year (2016–2017) field experiment on a potato field to verify the general influence of water-saving irrigation on N2O emissions. A split-plot experiment was established with two irrigation systems and two fertilizer treatments, which give a total of four treatments. Two different irrigation systems were investigated: (i) flood irrigation with nitrogen fertilizer (NF-FI) combined with a control without any fertilizer (C-FI) and (ii) overhead sprinkler irrigation with a nitrogen fertilizer (NF-SI) accompanied with a control without any fertilizer (C-SI). The N2O emissions of the fertilizer treatment were greater than those of the control under each irrigation system. In plots where the fertilizers were applied, using overhead sprinkler irrigation reduced the average cumulative N2O emissions between 40.72% and 59.65% compared with flood irrigation. This was mainly due to the lower amount of water applied and the lower availability of NO3−-N and NH4+-N of soil associated with an overhead sprinkler irrigation. This work shows that the overhead sprinkler irrigation is an effective strategy to use to save water and mitigate emissions of the atmospheric pollutants N2O in comparison to flood irrigation.

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Use of Reclaimed Water for Irrigation in Container Nurseries

EDIS ◽

10.32473/edis-ep384-2009 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2009 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Tom Yeager ◽

Claudia Larsen ◽

Joe von Merveldt ◽

Tracy Irani

Keyword(s):

Reclaimed Water ◽

Sprinkler Irrigation ◽

Municipal Sewage ◽

Irrigation Systems ◽

Fact Sheet ◽

Container Nurseries ◽

Overhead Sprinkler ◽

Container Nursery

ENH-1119, an 8-page illustrated fact sheet by Tom Yeager, Claudia Larsen, Joe von Merveldt, and Tracy Irani, informs container nursery producers about irrigating with water processed from municipal sewage wastewater, the results of evaluations of overhead sprinkler irrigation systems, where to get it, and special application procedures and cautions. Includes references and a glossary. Published by the UF Department of Environmental Horticulture, May 2009.

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Needs and Effects of Use Sprinkler Irrigation Systems in Crops Production in Central Poland on the Example of Spring Malting Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Infrastructure and Environment ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-16542-0_7 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 46-52

Author(s):

Jacek Żarski ◽

Renata Kuśmierek-Tomaszewska ◽

Stanisław Dudek

Keyword(s):

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Sprinkler Irrigation ◽

Malting Barley ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Irrigation Systems ◽

Central Poland

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AGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PACOVAN ORGANIC BANANA IN IRRIGATION SYSTEMS IN THE AÇU-RN VALLEY

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252018v31n213rc ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 370-378

Author(s):

JÚLIO JUSTINO DE ARAÚJO ◽

VANDER MENDONÇA ◽

MARIA FRANCISCA SOARES PEREIRA ◽

MATHEUS DE FREITAS SOUZA

Keyword(s):

Irrigation System ◽

Block Design ◽

Sprinkler Irrigation ◽

Tropical Region ◽

Irrigation Systems ◽

Banana Production ◽

Banana Tree ◽

The One ◽

Small Producers ◽

Alternative Irrigation

ABSTRACT The banana tree is grown in an extensive tropical region throughout the world, usually by small producers. The present work had the objective of evaluating irrigation systems in banana production in the Açu-RN Valley, aiming at alternatives so that they can be recommended to farmers in the Açu Valley region. The experiment was carried out in the area of the School Farm of the IFRN Campus Ipanguaçu, located in the municipality of Ipanguaçu-RN. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with subdivided plots and eight replications. The irrigation systems were: irrigation, drip irrigation, micro sprinkler and alternative irrigation. The plots were composed of eight useful plants with spacing in double rows 4 x 2 x 2 m. Eight characteristics related to production were evaluated: bunch mass (MC); number of leaves (NP); number of fruits per cluster (NFC); mean mass of the leaves (MMP); diameter of the fruit of the second seed (DF2P); length of the fruit of the second seed (CF2P); mean fruit mass (MMF); productivity (Prod). The data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared by the Tukey test at 5% of probability. In the first cycle of production the sprinkler irrigation system was the one that presented better results the productivity of the Pacovan banana tree; in the 3rd cycle the alternative irrigation system was the one that showed better results the productivity of the banana tree; where the electrical conductivity correlated with the sodium adsorption ratio in the irrigation water, contributed to a moderate limitation of use.

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A Knowledge-based System for Preliminary Selection and Economic Evaluation of Sprinkler Irrigation Systems

Applied Engineering in Agriculture ◽

10.13031/2013.26090 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 441-447 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D. Kumar ◽

C. D. Heatwole ◽

B. B. Ross ◽

T. A. Dillaha

Keyword(s):

Economic Evaluation ◽

Sprinkler Irrigation ◽

Irrigation Systems ◽

Knowledge Based System ◽

Knowledge Based ◽

Preliminary Selection

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Effect of mini-sprinkler irrigation system on Heterorhabditis baujardi LPP7 (Nematoda: Heterorhabditidae) infective juvenile

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90162008000400017 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 65 (4) ◽

pp. 433-437 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Juan Carlos Lara ◽

Cláudia Dolinski ◽

Elias Fernandes de Sousa ◽

Rogério Figueiredo Daher

Keyword(s):

Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽

Galleria Mellonella ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Irrigation System ◽

Larval Mortality ◽

Sprinkler Irrigation ◽

Infective Juvenile ◽

Application Techniques ◽

Temperature And Pressure ◽

Search Capability

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are currently being used as successful biological control agents of soil-dwelling insect pests. Previous field and greenhouse studies demonstrated that application techniques and non-biotic factors (temperature and pressure) have a significant effect on EPNs efficacy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of an irrigation spray application system on the viability, infectivity and host search capability of Heterorhabditis baujardi LPP7 (Nematoda: Heterorhabditidae) infective juveniles (IJ). Two assays were proposed. Their viability was evaluated under the microscope after the IJ passed through the irrigation system. Infectivity on Galleria mellonella larvae, and host search capability, as evidenced by larval mortality, were evaluated in containers (Experiment 1). In the field (Experiment 2), mortality of G. mellonella larvae was evaluated under different nematode concentrations (0, 100,000, 300,000 and 500,000 IJ per tree). No differences were recorded on the viability, infectivity and host search capability of the IJ in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, differences were recorded among the different concentrations used (p < 0.05), and a higher mortality was observed at the highest nematode concentration (28.3% and 37% in each one of the two experiment repetitions). This irrigation system did not affected adversely the viability, infectivity and host search capability of H. baujardi LPP7.

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