Excessive Weight Gain Associated With Dolutegravir Initiation in a 10-Year-Old Female With Perinatally Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Li ◽  
E H Yusuf ◽  
A L Agwu
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Excessive Weight Gain ◽  
Excessive Weight ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Perinatally Acquired ◽  
Short And Long Term

Abstract Children with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (PHIV) face a lifetime of combination antiretroviral treatment that often includes dolutegravir (DTG). DTG, an integrase strand inhibitor that has been linked to weight gain in adults, is increasingly being used in children. Understanding its potential short- and long-term sequelae in children is critically important. We report a case of excessive weight gain in a child with PHIV on DTG and provide a brief literature review.

scholarly journals Antiretroviral Drugs and Risk of Chronic Alanine Aminotransferase Elevation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Monoinfected Persons: The Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Kovari ◽  
Caroline A. Sabin ◽  
Bruno Ledergerber ◽  
Lene Ryom ◽  
Peter Reiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Liver Enzyme Elevation ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Enzyme Elevation ◽  
Hiv Drugs ◽  
Anti Hiv

Abstract Background.  Although human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive persons on antiretroviral therapy (ART) frequently have chronic liver enzyme elevation (cLEE), the underlying cause is often unclear. Methods.  Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) Study participants without chronic viral hepatitis were observed to the earliest of cLEE (elevated aminotransferase ≥6 months), death, last follow-up, or January 2, 2014. Antiretroviral treatment exposure was categorized as follows: no exposure and ongoing short- and long-term exposure (<2 or ≥2 years) after initiation. Association between development of cLEE and ART exposure was investigated using Poisson regression. Results.  Among 21 485 participants observed for 105 413 person-years (PY), 6368 developed cLEE (incidence 6.04/100 PY; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.89–6.19). Chronic liver enzyme elevation was associated with short-and long-term exposure to didanosine (<2 years rate ratio [RR] = 1.29, 95% CI, 1.11–1.49; >2 years RR = 1.26, 95% CI, 1.13–1.41); stavudine (<2 years RR = 1.51, 95% CI, 1.26–1.81; >2 years RR = 1.17, 95% CI, 1.03–1.32), and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (<2 years RR = 1.55, 95% CI, 1.40–1.72; >2 years RR = 1.18, 95% CI, 1.05–1.32), but only short-term exposure to nevirapine (<2 years RR = 1.44, 95% CI, 1.29–1.61), efavirenz (<2 years RR = 1.14, 95% CI, 1.03–1.26), emtricitabine (<2 years RR = 1.18, 95% CI, 1.04–1.33), and atazanavir (<2 years RR = 1.20, 95% CI, 1.04–1.38). Chronic liver enzyme elevation was not associated with use of lamivudine, abacavir, and other protease inhibitors. Mortality did not differ between participants with and without cLEE. Conclusions.  Although didanosine, stavudine, nevirapine, and efavirenz have been described to be hepatotoxic, we additionally observed a consistent association between tenofovir and cLEE emerging within the first 2 years after drug initiation. This novel tenofovir-cLEE signal should be further investigated.

scholarly journals Determinants of Viral Resuppression or Persistent Virologic Failure After Initial Failure With Second-Line Antiretroviral Treatment Among Asian Children and Adolescents With HIV

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-256
Author(s):  
Sirinya Teeraananchai ◽  
Stephen J Kerr ◽  
Monica Gandhi ◽  
Viet Chau Do ◽  
Lam Van Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Virologic Failure ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Hiv Rna ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Asian Children ◽  
Perinatally Acquired

Abstract Of 56 children with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who had been prescribed second-line protease inhibitor–based antiretroviral therapy and had ≥1 previous episode of viral failure (HIV RNA, ≥1000 copies/mL), 46% had ≥1, 34% had ≥2, and 23% had ≥3 consecutive episodes of viral failure during the 2 years of follow-up. Two of these children experienced a major protease inhibitor mutation.

Reduced Natural Killer Cell Subsets in Perinatally Acquired Long-Term Non-Progressor Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 437-443
Author(s):  
Ravinder Bhukkar ◽  
Ravinder Kaur Sachdeva ◽  
Deepti Suri ◽  
Jitendra Shandilya ◽  
Amit Rawat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Natural Killer Cell ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Killer Cell ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Perinatally Acquired
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