Hemophilia
Patients with hemophilia can be safely managed for elective surgery such as adenotonsillectomy as long as adequate planning and consultation with the hematology department occurs. Adequate factor replacement, antifibrinolytics, and careful monitoring are the mainstays of care. The need for frequent venous access can make cannulation of veins difficult, and this can be stressful for the patient and his or her family. Careful planning of any cannulation attempts can alleviate stress, increase success rate, and reduce trauma to veins. If the patient has a long-term central venous line, all precautions to reduce the risk of infection and thrombosis in the line must be adhered to. Development of inhibitory antibodies to factor VIII, or more rarely to factor IX, is currently the most difficult complication to manage in hemophilia patients.