Child health

2020 ◽  
pp. 825-906
Author(s):  
Chantal Simon ◽  
Hazel Everitt ◽  
Françoise van Dorp ◽  
Nazia Hussain ◽  
Emma Nash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Child Death ◽  
Toilet Training ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Growth Disorders ◽  
Child Health Promotion ◽  
Childhood Infection

This chapter in the Oxford Handbook of General Practice explores child health in general practice. It covers child health promotion from birth, including the neonatal and 6-week check, neonatal bloodspot screening, screening for hip dysplasia, vision and hearing screening tests, birth trauma, genetic disorders, common problems of small babies, prematurity, and neonatal jaundice. It examines feeding babies, weaning, and developmental milestones. It discusses fever and acute illness in the under 5s, childhood infection, urinary tract infection, congenital heart disease, asthma, constipation, malabsorption, gut atresia, hernias, and intussusception. It explores growth disorders, endocrine problems, funny turns, febrile convulsions, epilepsy, hydrocephalus, neural tube defect, arthritis, dermatology, and cancer. It also discusses behaviour problems, sleep problems, toilet training, poor progress at school, autism, learning disability, adolescence, chronic illness, disability, safeguarding children, and child death.

Child health

2014 ◽  
pp. 845-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantal Simon ◽  
Hazel Everitt ◽  
Françoise van Dorp ◽  
Matt Burkes
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Neonatal Jaundice ◽  
Hip Dysplasia ◽  
Failure To Thrive ◽  
Birth Trauma ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Feeding Problems ◽  
Developmental Milestones ◽  
Child Health Promotion

Child health promotion The neonatal check Neonatal bloodspot screening Summary of developmental milestones Screening for hip dysplasia Vision and hearing screening tests Birth trauma Genetic problems Minor problems of neonates and small babies Problems of prematurity Neonatal jaundice Feeding babies Weaning, feeding problems, and failure to thrive...

Child Saving and Child Spacing in Africa: The Evolution of a Concept

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-768
Author(s):  
Robert D. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Maternal And Child Health ◽  
Child Death ◽  
Child Health Services ◽  
Tropical Africa ◽  
Low Visibility ◽  
Child Spacing ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Child Health

In tropical Africa the primordial presence of enormous young child death rates precludes a successful frontal attack on birth rates through specialized programs. Experience in Nigeria indicates that gradual, quiet pressure can influence the power structure to tolerate and eventually espouse child spacing as an integral part of a program of services for child saving. The approach involves four phases: a low visibility start; obtaining high level acceptance; establishment of a federal training center to train cadres for state training programs; and deployment of trained primary care auxiliaries as a local maternal and child health-family planning service. In tropical Africa governmental attitudes toward family planning range from positive policy, to neutrality, to strong opposition. At present most Anglophone countries are favorable. Most Francophone countries are opposed. The general trend is toward a more favorable attitude toward family planning when it is a part of maternal and child health services.

scholarly journals The Use of Whole Genome and Exome Sequencing for Newborn Screening: Challenges and Opportunities for Population Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey C. Woerner ◽  
Renata C. Gallagher ◽  
Jerry Vockley ◽  
Aashish N. Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Screening ◽  
Exome Sequencing ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Whole Exome ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
History Of

Newborn screening (NBS) is a population-based program with a goal of reducing the burden of disease for conditions with significant clinical impact on neonates. Screening tests were originally developed and implemented one at a time, but newer methods have allowed the use of multiplex technologies to expand additions more rapidly to standard panels. Recent improvements in next-generation sequencing are also evolving rapidly from first focusing on individual genes, then panels, and finally all genes as encompassed by whole exome and genome sequencing. The intersection of these two technologies brings the revolutionary possibility of identifying all genetic disorders in newborns, allowing implementation of therapies at the optimum time regardless of symptoms. This article reviews the history of newborn screening and early studies examining the use of whole genome and exome sequencing as a screening tool. Lessons learned from these studies are discussed, along with technical, ethical, and societal challenges to broad implementation.

A child death as a result of physical violence during toilet training

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 39-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Hamdi Alpaslan ◽  
Kerem Şenol Coşkun ◽  
Arda Yeşil ◽  
Cansu Çobanoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Violence ◽  
Child Death ◽  
Toilet Training

Parent Use of Touchscreen Computer Kiosks for Child Health Promotion in Community Settings

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Thompson ◽  
P. Lozano ◽  
D. A. Christakis
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Child Health Promotion

A screening method for sleep disturbances at the end-of-life

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-472
Author(s):  
Celia Ibáñez del Prado ◽  
Juan Antonio Cruzado
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Sleep Problem ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Symptom Assessment ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Single Question

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate sleep disturbances and to verify the accuracy of three screening tests to detect them in patients at the end-of-life admitted in a hospital palliative care unit.MethodThe level of sleep disturbances was evaluated through the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in 150 palliative patients. This questionnaire was the criterion variable for testing the three screening tests used: Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS-Sleep subscale); the single question “How much do you worry about your sleep problems?” which is answered on a scale of 0–10 (Sleep-Worry-Q) and another single question: “Do you think you have sleep problems?” with two response categories, Yes/No (Sleep-Problem-Q).ResultsAccording to the PSQI (cut-off point: 8), 87% of patients presented sleep disturbances. The ESAS-Sleep (cut-off point: 3) showed a sensitivity of 0.87, a specificity of 0.58, and an AUC of 0.729; the Sleep-Worry-Q (cut-off point: 4) showed a sensitivity of 0.95, a specificity of 0.68, and an AUC of 0.854; the Sleep-Problem-Q obtained a sensitivity of 0.92 and a specificity of 0.65.Significance of resultsPatients at the end-of-life, near the time of death, have high levels of sleep disturbances that can be detected early, with better diagnostic accuracy, with the Sleep-Worry-Q. Although from a clinical point of view, the application of the Sleep-Problem-Q may be more advantageous, as it presents good diagnostic accuracy, greater simplicity, and brevity.

Child Health Promotion and Protection Among Mexican Mothers

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 588-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Raquel Gallagher ◽  
Sara Gill ◽  
Elizabeth Reifsnider
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Child Health Promotion

Child Health General Practice Hubs: a service evaluation

2015 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Montgomery-Taylor ◽  
Mando Watson ◽  
Robert Klaber
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
General Practice ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Service Evaluation ◽  
High Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lower Capacity ◽  
Inside Out

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of an integrated child health system.DesignMixed methods service evaluation.Setting and patientsChildren, young people and their families registered in Child Health General Practitioner (GP) Hubs where groups of GP practices come together to form ‘hubs’.InterventionsHospital paediatricians and GPs participating in joint clinics and multidisciplinary team (MDT) meetings in GP practices, a component of an ‘Inside-Out’ change known as ‘Connecting Care For Children (CC4C)’.Main outcome measuresCases seen in clinic or discussed at MDT meetings and their follow-up needs. Hospital Episode data: outpatient and inpatient activity and A&E attendance. Patient-reported experience measures and professionals’ feedback.ResultsIn one hub, 39% of new patient hospital appointments were avoided altogether and a further 42% of appointments were shifted from hospital to GP practice. In addition, there was a 19% decrease in sub-specialty referrals, a 17% reduction in admissions and a 22% decrease in A&E attenders. Smaller hubs running at lower capacity in early stages of implementation had less impact on hospital activity. Patients preferred appointments at the GP practice, gained increased confidence in taking their child to the GP and all respondents said they would recommend the service to family and friends. Professionals valued the improvement in knowledge and learning and, most significantly, the development of trust and collaboration.ConclusionsChild Health GP Hubs increase the connections between secondary and primary care, reduce secondary care usage and receive high patient satisfaction ratings while providing learning for professionals.

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