Abundance interaction in Candida albicans and Candida glabrata mixed biofilms under diverse conditions

Abstract Candida albicans and Candida glabrata are frequently coisolated from the oral cavity in immunosuppressive or immunocompromised individuals. Their relationship is usually defined as competition as C. glabrata can inhibit growth of C. albicans in cohabitation. In this study, eight C. albicans isolates as well as two C. glabrata strains were used to investigate the effects of culture medium (Roswell Park Memorial Institute [RPMI]-1640, YPD, YND), incubation time (24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h), initial inoculum (C. glabrata: C. albicans = 2:1, 1:1, 1:2), and medium state (static and dynamic states) on viable cell enumeration and relative abundance in both Candida SB and MB. The results showed that in most cases, C. glabrata and C. albicans SB and MB flourished in RPMI-1640 at 24 h under dynamic state compared with other conditions. Except YPD medium, there were high proportions of preponderance of C. albicans over C. glabrata in MB compared with SB. High initial inoculum promoted corresponding Candida number in both SB and MB and its abundance in MB relative to SB. This study revealed an impact of several environmental conditions on the formation of C. albicans and C. glabrata SB and MB and their abundance in MB in comparison with SB, deepening our understanding of both Candida interaction and their resistance mechanism in MB. Lay Summary This study described the effects of diverse experimental conditions on the numbers of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata single biofilms and mixed biofilms and their abundance.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Candida glabrata Binding to Candida albicans Hyphae Enables Its Development in Oropharyngeal Candidiasis.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.726253922.793516291 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Neil Andrew Robert Gow ◽

Bhawna Yadav

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Candida Glabrata ◽

Oropharyngeal Candidiasis

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The drop plate method as an alternative for Azospirillum spp viable cell enumeration within the consensus protocol of the REDCAI network

Revista Argentina de Microbiología ◽

10.1016/j.ram.2021.05.002 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Luciana P. Di Salvo ◽

Julia E. García ◽

Mariana L. Puente ◽

Josefina Amigo ◽

Analía Anríquez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Viable Cell ◽

Consensus Protocol ◽

Plate Method ◽

Cell Enumeration ◽

Drop Plate

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Analysis of the essentiality of ROM2 genes in the pathogenic yeasts Candida glabrata and Candida albicans using temperature-sensitive mutants

Journal of Applied Microbiology ◽

10.1111/jam.12745 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 118 (4) ◽

pp. 851-863 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

T. Kanno ◽

D. Takekawa ◽

Y. Miyakawa

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Candida Glabrata ◽

Temperature Sensitive ◽

Temperature Sensitive Mutants

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Development of embryonic rat eyes in organ culture

Development ◽

10.1242/dev.19.3.407 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 407-414

Author(s):

R. Christy Armstrong ◽

Joel J. Elias

Keyword(s):

Organ Culture ◽

Culture Medium ◽

Folic Acid Deficiency ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Acid Deficiency ◽

Series Of Experiments ◽

Development In Vitro ◽

Ocular System

Abnormalities of the ocular system which appear in organ culture in Waymouth's medium with freshly added glutamine (Armstrong & Elias, 1968) resemble those caused by transitory pteryolglutamic acid (PGA or folic acid) deficiency in vivo (Armstrong & Monie, 1966). The configurations of such malformations as lens herniations, retinal diverticula, and rosette-like formations of the retina are remarkably similar in both cases. The experiments reported in this paper were undertaken in an effort to understand the mechanisms involved in the production of similar abnormalities by two very different experimental conditions: the addition of glutamine in vitro and the transitory deficiency of PGA in vivo. One series of experiments involved the effects of manipulation of the PGA and glutamine content of the culture medium on eye development in vitro. Parallel studies on PGA-deficiency in vivo were undertaken in conjunction with organ-culture experiments in order to compare the effects on abnormal eye morphogenesis.

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A Combination Fluorescence Assay Demonstrates Increased Efflux Pump Activity as a Resistance Mechanism in Azole-Resistant Vaginal Candida albicans Isolates

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.01252-16 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 60 (10) ◽

pp. 5858-5866 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Somanon Bhattacharya ◽

Jack D. Sobel ◽

Theodore C. White

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Efflux Pump ◽

Pathogenic Fungus ◽

Resistance Mechanism ◽

Efflux Pumps ◽

Resistant Isolate ◽

Vaginal Infections ◽

Content Type ◽

Qrt Pcr ◽

Pump Activity

ABSTRACTCandida albicansis a pathogenic fungus causing vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). Azole drugs, such as fluconazole, are the most common treatment for these infections. Recently, azole-resistant vaginalC. albicansisolates have been detected in patients with recurring and refractory vaginal infections. However, the mechanisms of resistance in vaginalC. albicansisolates have not been studied in detail. In oral and systemic resistant isolates, overexpression of the ABC transporters Cdr1p and Cdr2p and the major facilitator transporter Mdr1p is associated with resistance. Sixteen fluconazole-susceptible and 22 fluconazole-resistant vaginalC. albicansisolates were obtained, including six matched sets containing a susceptible and a resistant isolate, from individual patients. Using quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR), 16 of 22 resistant isolates showed overexpression of at least one efflux pump gene, while only 1 of 16 susceptible isolates showed such overexpression. To evaluate the pump activity associated with overexpression, an assay that combined data from two separate fluorescent assays using rhodamine 6G and alanine β-naphthylamide was developed. The qRT-PCR results and activity assay results were in good agreement. This combination of two fluorescent assays can be used to study efflux pumps as resistance mechanisms in clinical isolates. These results demonstrate that efflux pumps are a significant resistance mechanism in vaginalC. albicansisolates.

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In vitro activity of zinc oxide-eugenol and glass ionomer cements on Candida albicans

Brazilian Oral Research ◽

10.1590/s1806-83242005000200011 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 134-138 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Anna Carolina Aguiar Cassanho ◽

Aletéia Massula Fernandes ◽

Luciane Dias de Oliveira ◽

Claudio Antonio Talge Carvalho ◽

Antonio Olavo Cardoso Jorge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Control Group ◽

Glass Ionomer ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Mean Values ◽

Zinc Oxide Eugenol ◽

Colony Forming Units ◽

And Control

The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the antimicrobial activity of glass ionomer (GIC) and zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) cements against Candida albicans. Standardized GIC and ZOE specimens were maintained in contact with C. albicans suspension (1 <FONT FACE=Symbol>´</FONT> 10(6) cells/ml) at 37°C for 24 h, 48 h or 7 days. A control group without any testing cement was included. After the incubation period, aliquots of 0.1 ml were plated on Sabouraud's agar, and then the number of colonies was counted. The results were expressed as values of logarithms of colony-forming units per milliliter (log CFU/mL) and were analyzed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA. After 48 h of incubation, the ZOE group presented no growth of C. albicans. GIC and control groups presented similar mean values at all tested periods. According to the results obtained, it could be concluded that, under the experimental conditions, ZOE cement was more effective in vitro against C. albicans than GIC.

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