Inactivation of Airborne Viruses using Newly Designed Emitron

The objective of the current research is to validate the microbiological quality of Emitron against MS2 phage, Corona virus, bacteria, yeast, and molds. Unimech healthcare designed PMEE based Emitron which is mostly used to reduce the microbial count and virus count in an area. To perform microbiological testing of the Emitron, environmental monitoring was performed for MS2 phage, Corona virus, bacteria, yeast, and molds before and after treatment by settle plate method. Petri plates of sterilized Phage agar, SCDA and PDA media were prepared and exposed for environment monitoring before and after treatment by settle plate method. The phage agar and SCDA plates were incubated at 37°C for 72 hours and PDA plates incubated at 25°C for 5 days. Total of 99% reduction was reported in microbiology lab with respect to the microorganisms after installing Emitron. We can conclude that the Unimech healthcare’s Emitron is virus attenuation device so one can use it to purify the air and kill the viruses, bacteria, fungi, and other microbes.

Inactivation of Airborne Viruses using Newly Designed Emitron

The objective of the current research is to validate the microbiological quality of Emitron against MS2 phage, Corona virus, bacteria, yeast, and molds. Unimech healthcare designed PMEE based Emitron which is mostly used to reduce the microbial count and virus count in an area. To perform microbiological testing of the Emitron, environmental monitoring was performed for MS2 phage, Corona virus, bacteria, yeast, and molds before and after treatment by settle plate method. Petri plates of sterilized Phage agar, SCDA and PDA media were prepared and exposed for environment monitoring before and after treatment by settle plate method. The phage agar and SCDA plates were incubated at 37°C for 72 hours and PDA plates incubated at 25°C for 5 days. Total of 99% reduction was reported in microbiology lab with respect to the microorganisms after installing Emitron. We can conclude that the Unimech healthcare’s Emitron is virus attenuation device so one can use it to purify the air and kill the viruses, bacteria, fungi, and other microbes.

Test and Calculation Model of Thermal Conductivity of Concrete

In order to study the influence of water content and hydration degree on the thermal conductivity of concrete, based on the steady-state plate method, the influence of water content, temperature, hydration degree and other factors on the thermal conductivity of early concrete was studied, and the calculation model of thermal conductivity of early concrete was established according to the test results and influence rules. The results show that there is a linear relationship between the thermal conductivity and water content at 28d, the higher the hydration degree is, the lower the thermal conductivity of concrete is; the difference between the measured value and the calculated model value is small, and the calculation formula can meet the requirements of engineering calculation.

Analgesic Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Seeds and Leaves of Coriandrum Sativum on Swiss Albino Mice

INTRODUCTION: Pain has been described by the International Association for the Study of Pain as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage. Although NSAIDS and OPIOIDS are available for the treatment, still pain (chronic) is major problem. The present study was designed to study the analgesic effect of ethanolic extract of Coriandrum sativum using hot plate method and acetic acid induced writhing method in experimental animals (Swiss albino mice). MATERIAL AND METHODS:The analgesic effect of leaves and seeds of Coriandrum sativum was assessed using hot plate method and acetic acid induced writhing method in Swiss albino mice. The animals were treated with the ethanolic extract of leaves and seeds of Coriandrum sativum orally at two doses of 100, 500 mg/kg body weight after electric heat and acetic acid induced pain in mice. RESULTS: The study showed that ethanolic extract of leaves and seeds of Coriandrum sativum presented significant (p<0.05) and (p<0.05) analgesic activity in mice simultaneously. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunette's multiple comparison test. The results demonstrate that ethanolic extract of leaves and seeds of Coriandrum sativum has got analgesic potential. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate that ethanolic extract of leaves and seeds of Coriandrum sativum has got significant analgesic effect.

Measurement of thermal conductivity in lightweight concrete produced with ground stone residue

With the advancement of concrete production technologies, such as the development of additives, use of different aggregates, dosing methods, mixing and application equipment, they have contributed to the emergence of concrete with special characteristics, as is the case with light concrete. Given the above, this research continues the experimental studies of structural lightweight concrete with expanded clay (coarse aggregate) developed by Lucas and Azambuja (2020). This research presents the results of mechanical properties at older ages, 28 days 214 days for Trait 1 (AN100%) and Trait 2 (AB20%) compared to the results of 7 days of age, however, the main contribution was the measurement of thermal conductivity with construction of a low-cost prototype in accordance with NBR 15220-4:2005, using the protected hot plate method. The results showed compressive strength values ​​of a minimum of 17,8 MPa at 7 days of age and a maximum of 28,6 MPa at 214 days, values ​​above 17 MPa established by NBR NM 35:1995 at 28 days, as well as the tensile strength by diametrical compression, which also presented values ​​that served as a basis for framing concrete as lightweight and structural. The evaluation of thermal conductivity was performed using a hot plate, in which the results were satisfactory between 0,44 and 0,71 W/(m.k), appropriate values ​​to answer the question of thermal performance, thus as well as complying with the established by ABNT NBR 15220-2:2008.

Water Mediated One-Pot, Stepwise Green Synthesis, Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Activities of (3-Amino-1-Phenyl-1H-Benzo[f]Chromen-2-yl) (1H-Indol-3-yl) Methanone Catalysed by L-Proline

Aim: The reactions were carried out by one pot three-component synthesis, 3-cyanoacetylindole (1) on reaction with aromatic aldehydes (2) and β-naphthol (3) in an aqueous medium in presence of L-proline as a catalyst under reflux for 30 min, resulted (3-amino-1-phenyl-1H-benzo[f]chromen-2-yl) (1H-indol-3-yl)methanone (4). The method has many advantages like short reaction times, good yields and simple workup procedure besides being green in nature. Pharmacological evaluation of title compounds was done for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Anti-inflammatory activity was carried carrageenan-induced paw edema model in which indomethacin was used as standard and analgesic activity was evaluated by eddy's hot plate method using diclofenac as standard drug. Background: Benzopyrans or chromenes are an important class of heterocyclic compounds due to their broad spectrum of biological activity and a wide range of applications in medicinal chemistry. The chromene moiety is found in various natural products with interesting biological properties. Chromenes constitute the basic backbone of various types of polyphenols and are widely found in alkaloids, tocopherols, flavonoids and anthocyanins. Indoles are omnipresent in various bioactive compounds like alkaloids, agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. Objective: To synthesize one-pot stepwise Green synthesis, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of 3-amino-1-phenyl-1H-benzo[f]chromen-2-yl) (1H-indol-3-yl)methanones Methods: The acute anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated by carrageenan-induced mice paw edema (Ma Rachchh et al., 2011). Edema was induced by injecting carrageenan (1% w/v, 0.1 ml) in the right hind paw of mice. The test compounds 1-12, indomethacin (10 mg/kg) and the vehicle were administered orally one hour before injection of carrageenan. Paw volume was measured with digital plethysmometer at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 min after injection. Percentage increase =A-B/ A *100 Results: Carrageenan Induced paw edema model was used for Anti-inflammatory activity in which animals treated with standard (indomethacin) and test compounds showed a significant decrease in the paw edema. Analgesic activity was estimated by using Eddy’s hot plate method; animals were treated with standard (diclofenac) and test compounds showed a significant increase in the reaction time. Conclusion: A green, One-pot, step-wise and three-component synthesis of 3-amino-1-phenyl-1H-benzo[f]chromen-2-yl) (1H-indol-3-yl) methanone was achieved by using water as a solvent, L-proline as catalyst under reflux conditions. The reactions were carried out in eco-friendly conditions with shorter reaction times, easier workup and high yields. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by carrageenan-induced paw edema model where significant anti-inflammatory activity is shown by all the test compounds (4a-l) when compared to standard drug. Analgesic activity was studied by Eddy’s Hot plate method and Test compounds 4e, 4f, 4h, 4i, 4j, 4k, 4l showed significant activities when compared to the reference drug.

Calidad microbiológica del agua de consumo humano del sector Fila alta-Jaén, 2019

El estudio se realizó en el sector Fila Alta-Jaén-Cajamarca, con el objetivo de evaluar la calidad microbiológica del agua destinada al consumo humano mediante el recuento de coliformes totales (CT), coliformes termotolerantes (CTT) y bacterias heterotróficas (BH). Se analizaron 32 muestras, distribuidas en el sistema de abastecimiento como también de las redes de distribución de las viviendas, cumpliendo con el protocolo para la toma de muestras, preservación, conservación, transporte y recepción de agua para consumo humano-DIGESA-2015. Para la determinación de CT y CTT se empleó la metodología establecida en la Norma Técnica Peruana (NTP) sobre la calidad del agua; y para BH la técnica de incorporación (Por Plate Method). Los resultados indican un total de 31.66 % para CT, 13.59 % para CTT y 54.75 % para BH, superando los Límites Máximos Permisibles, de parámetros microbiológicos de agua de consumo humano, establecidos por el Reglamento de la Calidad del Agua para Consumo Humano-DS N° 031-2010-SA.

Inducible Clindamycin Resistance and Biofilm Production among Staphylococci Isolated from Tertiary Care Hospitals in Nepal

Resistance to antibiotics, biofilm formation and the presence of virulence factors play important roles in increased mortality associated with infection by staphylococci. The macrolide lincosamide streptogramin B (MLSB) family of antibiotics is commonly used to treat infections by methicillin-resistant isolates. Clinical failure of clindamycin therapy has been reported due to multiple mechanisms that confer resistance to MLSB. This study aims to find the incidence of different phenotypes of MLSB resistance and biofilm production among staphylococci. A total of 375 staphylococci were isolated from different clinical samples, received from two tertiary care hospitals in Nepal. Methicillin resistance was detected by cefoxitin disc diffusion method and inducible clindamycin resistance by D test, according to CLSI guidelines. Biofilm formation was detected by the tissue culture plate method and PCR was used to detect ica genes. Of the total staphylococci isolates, 161 (42.9%) were Staphylococcus aureus, with 131 (81.4%) methicillin-resistant strains, and 214 (57.1%) isolates were coagulase-negative staphylococci, with 143 (66.8%) methicillin-resistant strains. The overall prevalence of constitutive MLSB (cMLSB) and inducible MLSB (iMLSB) phenotypes was 77 (20.5%) and 87 (23.2%), respectively. Both iMLSB and cMLSB phenotypes predominated in methicillin-resistant isolates. The tissue culture plate method detected biofilm formation in 174 (46.4%) isolates and ica genes in 86 (22.9%) isolates. Among biofilm producing isolates, cMLSB and iMLSB phenotypes were 35 (20.1%) and 27 (15.5%), respectively. The cMLSB and iMLSB were 11 (12.8%) and 19 (22.1%), respectively, in isolates possessing ica genes. Clindamycin resistance in the form of cMLSB and iMLSB, especially among MRSA, emphasizes the need for routine D tests to be performed in the lab.

Preparation, Analysis and Antibacterial Evaluation of Some New 1,3,5-Trisubstituted Pyrazole Derivatives

The goal of this study was to develop, synthesise, and characterise a novel 1,3,5-trisubstituted-2-pyrazoline derivative, as well as test its antibacterial activity. The reaction of chalcone derivatives with succinic hydrazide in the presence of pyridine yielded the 1,3,5-tri-substituted-2-pyrazolines derivatives. The IR, 1HNMR, and mass spectral analyses were used to characterise a total of 20 substances. Antibacterial activity of the compounds was tested on five Gm+Ve bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, S. Faecalis, Bacillus Substilis, P. Vulgaris, and B. Pumilus) and two Gm-Ve bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, S. Faecalis, Bacillus Substilis, P. Vulgaris, and B. Pumilus) and two Gm-Ve i.e. Escherichia Coli, Klebsiella Penumoniae in two different concentration i.e. 50 and 100 µg/ml by Agar-diffusion method using Cup-plate method. Standard antimicrobial drugs were Norfloxacin and Ciprofloxacin. The antibacterial activity of substances against Gm+Ve bacterial strains (Staphylococcus Aureus, Staphylococcus Faecalis, Bacillus Substilis, Pseudomonas Vulgaris, and B. Pumilus) suggested the following order of action: BR-3 >BR-2>BR-1>CL-4>BR-4>CL-3> CL-2>CL-5>CL-6>ME-3>ME-2>ME-4>ME-5>ME-6>ME-7>CL-7>CL-8>CL-1>ME-8>ME-1>ME-8>ME-1>ME-8>ME-1>ME-8>ME-1>ME-8>ME-1>ME-8>ME-1>ME-8>ME-1>ME-8>ME-1>ME-8>ME-1>ME-8>ME The chemicals of the BR-1 to BR-4 series have the most action. ME-8, CL-8, CL-7, CL-1, ME-5, ME-6, and ME-1 have light activity, whereas CL-2, CL-5, ME-4, CL-6, ME-3, ME-2, and ME-7 have moderate activity. The compounds BR-3, BR-2, BR-1, CL-4, BR-4, and CL-3 have been shown to have excellent action. The result data of antibacterial activity suggested that Cl, Br, F, and Nitro substitution at third and Fifth position may enhance the antbacterial activity of the compounds but the methyl and methoxy substitution may resulted in reduction of the activity.