scholarly journals Characteristics of Trees with Excavated Cavities Used by Birds in Rhode Island

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Kowal ◽  
Thomas P. Husband
Keyword(s):  
Rhode Island ◽  
Entry Point ◽  
Red Maple ◽  
Low Resistance ◽  
American Elm ◽  
Cavity Nesting

Abstract Our study examined the specific characteristics of 58 trees with excavated cavities used by birds in Rhode Island. Forty-five percent of cavity trees used by cavity-nesting birds were red maple and American elm. Forty-one percent of cavity trees had ≥ 2 cavities. Most cavities were ≤0.9 m from a decay entry point such as a broken top or branch. The characteristics of trees most often used by cavity-nesting birds included: dead; broken tops; > 80% of bark cover; and low resistance to heartwood decay and ice damage. Trees with these characteristics pose little competition to crop trees and should be left standing. North. J. Appl. For. 13(1):16-18.

Use of Mixtures of Allelochemicals to Compare Bioassays Using Red Maple, Pin Cherry, and American Elm

1997 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 1101-1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélène Véronneau ◽  
Ann Francine Greer ◽  
Stéphane Daigle ◽  
Gilles Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Red Maple ◽  
American Elm

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HABITAT AND LANDSCAPE FEATURES AND THE AVIAN COMMUNITY OF RED MAPLE SWAMPS IN SOUTHERN RHODE ISLAND

2001 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANCIS C. GOLET ◽  
YONG WANG ◽  
JED S. MERROW ◽  
WILLIAM R. DeRAGON
Keyword(s):  
Rhode Island ◽  
Red Maple ◽  
Avian Community ◽  
Landscape Features

Investigations of the sensitivity of ornamental, fruit, and nut plant species to driftable rates of 2,4-D and dicamba

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-341
Author(s):  
Brian R. Dintelmann ◽  
Michele R. Warmund ◽  
Mandy D. Bish ◽  
Kevin W. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Black Walnut ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Tree Trunk ◽  
Red Maple ◽  
Red Raspberry ◽  
Sensitive Species ◽  
Tree Diameter ◽  
American Elm ◽  
Eastern Redbud

AbstractAn experiment was conducted in 2017 and 2018 to determine the sensitivity of driftable rates of 2,4-D and dicamba with or without glyphosate on common ornamental, fruit, and nut species. Three driftable rates corresponding to ½, 1/20th, and 1/200th of the manufacturer’s labeled rate (1 × rate) of 2,4-D (1.09 kg ae ha−1), 2,4-D plus glyphosate (1.09 kg ae ha−1 plus 1.10 kg ae ha−1), dicamba (0.56 kg ae ha−1), and dicamba plus glyphosate (0.56 kg ae ha−1 plus 1.10 kg ae ha−1) were applied to apple, crabapple, dogwood, American elderberry, American elm, grapevine, hydrangea, red maple, pin oak, peach, pecan, eastern redbud, rose, red raspberry, strawberry, sweetgum, nannyberry viburnum, and black walnut plants. Visible estimates of injury were recorded 28 and 56 days after treatment (DAT). Plant measurements included leaf malformation, tree trunk growth, and shoot length. Across all species, the ½ × rate of 2,4-D plus glyphosate resulted in 61% injury 28 DAT, whereas the ½ × rate of dicamba plus glyphosate resulted in 51% injury. Across plant species and herbicides, ½ ×, 1/20 ×, and 1/200 × rates caused injury ranging from 3% to 100%, 0% to 66%, and 0% to 19%, respectively. Hydrangea was the least sensitive species; grapevine was most sensitive. Changes in plant measurements were dependent on the species and herbicide applied. Treatments at the ½ × or 1/20 × rate resulted in shoot length, leaf malformation, and trunk tree diameter differences for 11, 10, and 7 species, respectively, compared with nontreated plants. Collectively, the measurements and visual injury assessments indicated apple, red maple, peach, and pin oak were more sensitive to treatments containing dicamba, whereas black walnut, grapevine, and American elm were more sensitive to 2,4-D. Although the 1/200 × rates of 2,4-D and dicamba did not result in changes to plant measurements, obvious injury symptoms were observed, which could render these plants unsalable.

The Microscopy of Compatibility and Incompatibility in Ulmus

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 504-505
Author(s):  
B. L. Redmond ◽  
Christopher F. Bob
Keyword(s):  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Hybrid Progeny ◽  
Ulmus Pumila ◽  
Ulmus Americana ◽  
American Elm ◽  
Asian Species ◽  
Ulmus Parvifolia ◽  
Initial Appearance ◽  
Chinese Elm

The American Elm (Ulmus americana L.) has been plagued by Dutch Elm Disease (DED), a lethal disease caused by the fungus Ceratocystis ulmi (Buisman) c. Moreau. Since its initial appearance in North America around 1930, DED has wrought inexorable devastation on the American elm population, triggering both environmental and economic losses. In response to the havoc caused by the disease, many attempts have been made to hybridize U. americana with a few ornamentally less desirable, though highly DED resistant, Asian species (mainly the Siberian elm, Ulmus pumila L., and the Chinese elm Ulmus parvifolia Jacq.). The goal is to develop, through breeding efforts, hybrid progeny that display the ornamentally desirable characteristics of U. americana with the disease resistance of the Asian species. Unfortunately, however, all attempts to hybridize U. americana have been prevented by incompatibility. Only through a firm understanding of both compatibility and incompatibility will it be possible to circumvent the incompatibility and hence achieve hybridization.

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