The Labor Auction

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-51
Author(s):  
Kristi A. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Thought Experiment ◽  
Labor Income ◽  
Ronald Dworkin ◽  
Free Labor

Chapter 3 investigates whether a thought experiment proposed—and rejected—by Ronald Dworkin can be used to identify impersonal envy-free labor-income bundles. In the thought experiment, everyone is equally talented and thus free to choose any job. The labor-income bundles that would arise in such a thought experiment would be sensitive to each individual’s choices, but insensitive to each individual’s place in the distribution of natural talents, satisfying Dworkin’s two desiderata of ambition-sensitivity and endowment-insensitivity. Dworkin, however, rejects the thought experiment as unworkable. This chapter clarifies Dworkin’s objection to the thought experiment and then shows that there is, in fact, an easy fix. The revised thought experiment identifies impersonal envy-free labor-income bundles.

scholarly journals The Logic of Showing Possibility Claims: A Positive Argument for Inclusive Legal Positivism and Moral Grounds of Law / trans. from English V. V. Ogleznev, D. V. Shvedov

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 92-109
Author(s):  
V. V. Ogleznev ◽  
◽  
D. V. Shvedov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Modal Logic ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Thought Experiment ◽  
Legal Positivism ◽  
Ronald Dworkin ◽  
Structural Framework ◽  
Positive Argument

In this essay, I argue for a view that inclusive positivists share with Ronald Dworkin. According to the Moral Incorporation Thesis (MIT), it is logically possible for a legal system to incorporate moral criteria of legality (or ‘grounds of law’, as Dworkin puts it). Up to this point, the debate has taken the shape of attacks on the coherence of MIT with the defender of MIT merely attempting to refute the attacking argument. I give a positive argument for MIT. I begin with an explanation of the logic of establishing possibility claims, such as MIT. At the outset, it is worth noting that the logic of establishing possibility claims is very different from the logic of establishing contingent descriptive claims or necessary claims. For this reason, some explication of the relevant features of the semantics of modal logic will be necessary here. Once the structural framework is adequately developed, the argument for MIT will be grounded on the strength of a thought experiment of a surprisingly simple kind. Indeed, the argument is inspired by a Razian argument for the possibility of a legal system without coercive enforcement machinery; on his view, a society of angels could still have a system of law without any coercive machinery. My argument will possess two theoretically important qualities that are also possessed by Raz’s powerfully simple, but ultimately unsuccessful, argument.

Solidarity as a Relational Ideal

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-64
Author(s):  
Kristi A. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Labor Income ◽  
Free Labor

Chapter 4 argues that impersonal envy-free labor-income bundles can be derived from a relational ideal. The chapter begins by introducing Elizabeth Anderson’s and Samuel Scheffler’s distinction between relational and distributive egalitarianism. The chapter then proposes the following mutual justifiability requirement: when someone claims that her bundle should be sweetened at someone else’s expense, she must be able to give a reason that an individual standing in the shoes of a free and equal individual who regards everyone else as free and equal could not reasonably reject. Call this the solidarity solution. The chapter concludes by showing that the solidarity solution requires impersonal envy-free labor-income bundles.

Economic Contributions of Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Food Industries in Florida in 2015

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan W. Hodges ◽  
Mohammad Rahmani ◽  
Christa D. Court
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Modeling ◽  
Labor Income ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Business Taxes ◽  
Commodity Production ◽  
Industry Output ◽  
Property Income ◽  
Broad Array ◽  
Industry Sectors

This analysis was conducted using the Implan regional economic modeling system and associated state and county databases (IMPLAN Group LLC) to estimate economic multipliers and contributions for over 500 different industry sectors. Multipliers capture the indirect and induced economic activity generated by re-spending of income or sales revenues in a regional economy. A collection of 121 industry sectors were included in the analysis to represent the broad array of activities encompassed by agricultural and natural-resource commodity production, manufacturing, distribution and supporting services in Florida. Economic contributions can be measured in terms of employment, industry output, value added, exports, labor income, other property income, and business taxes. A glossary of economic terms used in this report is provided following this summary.

Epistemological Status of Models and Thought Experiments in Economics

2015 ◽  
pp. 123-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Koshovets ◽  
T. Varkhotov
Keyword(s):  
Natural Science ◽  
Thought Experiment ◽  
Thought Experiments ◽  
Theoretical Modeling ◽  
Epistemological Status ◽  
Epistemological Analysis ◽  
Field Of Inquiry

The paper considers the analogy of theoretical modeling and thought experiment in economics. The authors provide historical and epistemological analysis of thought experiments and their relations to the material experiments in natural science. They conclude that thought experiments as instruments are used both in physics and in economics, but in radically different ways. In the natural science, a thought experiment is tightly connected to the material experimentation, while in economics it is used in isolation. Material experiments serve as a means to demonstrate the reality, while thought experiments cannot be a full-fledged instrument of studying the reality. Rather, they constitute the instrument of structuring the field of inquiry.

On Education as a Commodity (The Distinguishedl Lecture)

1993 ◽  
Vol 32 (4I) ◽  
pp. 541-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ali Khan
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Education ◽  
Thought Experiment ◽  
British Museum ◽  
Native Literature ◽  
Correct Estimate

I have no knowledge of either Sanskrit or Arabic. But I have done what I could to form a correct estimate of their value. I have never found one ... who could deny that a single shelf of a good European library was worth the whole native literature of India and Arabia. i If truth is not to be found on the shelves of the British Museum, where, I asked myself, picking up a notebook and a pencil, is truth.2 Education is a weapon whose effect depends on who holds it in his hand and who is struck with it.Consider a shop, here and now, which stocks a finite but very large number of commodities, each of whose characteristics is known to both the shoppers and the shopkeeper, and each of whose prices is posted at the shopdoor. Let one of these cOinmodities be units of undergraduate education, measured in years. The following scenario, thought-experiment if one prefers, brings out how the shop functions. I send someone shopping. I give him a slip marked "five years of undergraduate education." He takes the slip to the shopkeeper, who.......

What is the meaning of the pullback Schwarzschild metric?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Pereira Lobo
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Thought Experiment ◽  
Schwarzschild Metric

We propose a thought experiment regarding the pullback Schwarzschild metric, considering that there is no interior of a black hole.

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