The Movement for Black Lives and the Language of Liberation

2021 ◽  
pp. 176-196
Author(s):  
Ian Olasov
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Police Violence ◽  
Moral Attitude ◽  
Testimonial Injustice ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Protest Chants

This chapter explores the content and strategy of the Movement for Black Lives (M4BL) by describing the speech that sustains and promotes the movement. It explicates the content of the movement through the protest chants and other communicative tools M4BL has borrowed from past black liberatory movements. After a brief discussion of some of the challenges facing the movement, it describes four more novel communicative tools associated with M4BL—the hashtag and slogan #BlackLivesMatter, videos of police violence, naming the dead, and stereotype engineering. Each of these tools helps address some challenge, and also bears on some questions of independent philosophical interest—how to remedy testimonial injustice, what it means to engineer a concept, what makes a mental state a moral attitude. It concludes with a brief discussion of the limitations of some of these tools.

Remembering the Dead and Say Their Names

Resonance ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-432
Author(s):  
John F. Barber
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mass Shootings ◽  
Police Violence ◽  
Media Activism ◽  
The Dead

This essay considers the role of sound, as in spoken voice, in two multimedia memorials to individuals killed by violence in the United States. The first is Remembering the Dead, a memorial to victims of mass shootings from the 1880s to the present. The second is Say Their Names, a memorial to victims of police violence and brutality. The use of sound (the speaking aloud of victims' names) in both these installations is meant to create and extend a space, a temporary autonomous zone that offers—through thoughtful listening to the names of victims spoken aloud—perceptual, phenomenological, and sensory engagements with the act of remembrance to provide witness and memorial for those killed and to promote meaningful social and civic justice to stop the killings. In this regard, both projects were conceived and developed as media activism.

scholarly journals THE CONCEPT ‘TEA’ IN THE NOVELS ‘THE HOUSE OF THE DEAD’ AND ‘CRIME AND PUNISHMENT’ BY FYODOR DOSTOEVSKY

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Ivan V. Burdin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Internal Clock ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Fyodor Dostoevsky ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Crime And Punishment ◽  
The Dead

The article deals with the concept ‘tea’ in two works by Fyodor Dostoevsky – the novels The House of the Dead (1860–1861) and Crime and Punishment (1865–1866).In these works, the concept ‘tea’ includes both traditional representations – ‘tea as an element of everyday life’, ‘tea as part of a meal’, ‘tea as an attribute of friendship and communication’ – and new ones created by Dostoevsky, such as ‘tea for thought’, ‘tea as medicine and a source of strength’, ‘tea as a source of spiritual balance’). An important representation for the psychological line of the works is ‘tea as a chronometer’ – when the heroes check their internal clock with the tea time, as well as with the temperature of tea as it is becoming cold. The paper gives particular attention to the representation ‘tea as a marker of wealth’. In the novel The House of the Dead it is presented through the scenes where guests are being entertained to tea and through descriptions of the quality of the drink, in the novel Crime and Punishment – through the representation ‘tea as luxury’.The paper establishes the role of the concept ‘tea’ in conveying the main author's idea in the works by Dostoevsky. Along with other concepts presented in the text, such as wine, tobacco, food, cards etc., tea in The House of the Dead is intended to show readers the contrast between freedom and prison, contributes to the translation of the idea of freedom as absolute value. Meant to depict a special state of life – on the border of the light and darkness, life and death, wealth and poverty, the representations of the concept ‘tea’ in Crime and Punishment greatly contribute to the depiction of Raskolnikov's mental state, fit into the semantics of St. Petersburg of Dostoevsky.

Mini-Mental-State

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Kaiser ◽  
Renate Gusner-Pfeiffer ◽  
Hermann Griessenberger ◽  
Bernhard Iglseder
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Oder Nicht ◽  
State Examination

Im folgenden Artikel werden fünf verschiedene Versionen der Mini-Mental-State-Examination dargestellt, die alle auf der Grundlage des Originals von Folstein erstellt wurden, sich jedoch deutlich voneinander unterscheiden und zu unterschiedlichen Ergebnissen kommen, unabhängig davon, ob das Screening von erfahrenen Untersuchern durchgeführt wird oder nicht. Besonders auffällig ist, dass Frauen die Aufgaben «Wort rückwärts» hoch signifikant besser lösten als das «Reihenrechnen». An Hand von Beispielen werden Punkteunterschiede aufgezeigt.

Zur Anwendung der CES-D bei älteren Menschen: Dimensionsstruktur und Meßartefakte

Diagnostica ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Matschinger ◽  
Astrid Schork ◽  
Steffi G. Riedel-Heller ◽  
Matthias C. Angermeyer
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Partial Credit ◽  
Examination Score ◽  
State Examination

Zusammenfassung. Beim Einsatz der Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) stellt sich das Problem der Dimensionalität des Instruments, dessen Lösung durch die Konfundierung eines Teilkonstruktes (“Wohlbefinden”) mit Besonderheiten der Itemformulierung Schwierigkeiten bereitet, da Antwortartefakte zu erwarten sind. Dimensionsstruktur und Eignung der CES-D zur Erfassung der Depression bei älteren Menschen wurden an einer Stichprobe von 663 über 75-jährigen Teilnehmern der “Leipziger Langzeitstudie in der Altenbevölkerung” untersucht. Da sich die Annahme der Gültigkeit eines partial-credit-Rasch-Modells sowohl für die Gesamtstichprobe als auch für eine Teilpopulation als zu restriktiv erwies, wurde ein 3- bzw. 4-Klassen-latent-class-Modell für geordnete Kategorien berechnet und die 4-Klassen-Lösung als den Daten angemessen interpretiert: Drei Klassen zeigten sich im Sinne des Konstrukts “Depression” geordnet, eine Klasse enthielt jene Respondenten, deren Antwortmuster auf ein Antwortartefakt hinwiesen. In dieser Befragtenklasse wird der Depressionsgrad offensichtlich überschätzt. Zusammenhänge mit Alter und Mini-Mental-State-Examination-Score werden dargestellt. Nach unseren Ergebnissen muß die CES-D in einer Altenbevölkerung mit Vorsicht eingesetzt werden, der Summenscore sollte nicht verwendet werden.

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