scholarly journals Financing for Sustainable Structural Transformation

2021 ◽  
pp. 394-496
Author(s):  
Uma Lele ◽  
Sambuddha Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Education ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Development Assistance Committee ◽  
Resource Flows ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Multiple Components ◽  
Private Investments ◽  
Gates Foundation

Official development assistance (ODA) and domestic expenditures of developing countries on food and agriculture are often too small, relative to needs or for stimulating private investment. ODA and expenditures are suboptimally allocated mostly to subsidies, with little to public goods, such as agricultural education, research, and extension. Learning and evaluation of impacts need to improve and expand to meet complex challenges facing farmers. The multisectoral nature of agriculture means that agricultural financing must consist of multiple components, with resources that are public, private (household), and private (external to household), coming from six categories: public—domestic and international; private—domestic and international; and household—savings and remittances. Information on “traditional” ODA for agriculture is more available than for “nontraditional” ODA: for example, from emerging countries, including China’s growing involvement in Southern countries, private investments in value chains, land purchases, and private philanthropy. Aside from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF), few philanthropists report aid to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development–Development Assistance Committee (OECD–DAC). BMGF’s Aid Transparency Index (ATI) rating improved only from “very poor” (18.1 percent) in 2013 to “fair” (47.3 percent) in 2018. The 2020 ATI reported significant improvement in aid donors’ overall transparency, but less in impact of aid projects. New themes, including nutrition and the environment, pose challenges to estimating sources of resource flows in support of adaptation of agriculture. We show that, even though available aid has increased since 2020, resources are very small relative to needs and the extent of advocacy.

scholarly journals Transition Finance and Markets

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-147
Author(s):  
Deborah Cotton
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Development Assistance Committee ◽  
Access To Finance ◽  
Financial Products ◽  
New Research

The increased focus and agreement on the requirement for the planet to be more sustainable has led to an array of new research and financial products. The new buzz phrase is transition financing which is being seen as the path to achieving a sustainable world. The Development Assistance Committee (DAC) in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD, 2019) has the main objective of transition finance is to optimise access to finance for sustainable development to avoid financing gaps or socio-economic setbacks. This chapter examines some of the products and markets in current use by financial institutions and investors. It describes their use and recent research in this area as well as some gaps in this research.

scholarly journals Investment Determinants in Self-Consumption Facilities: Characterization and Qualitative Analysis in Spain

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2178 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ángel Gimeno ◽  
Eva Llera ◽  
Sabina Scarpellini
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transition ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Investment Determinants ◽  
Private Investments ◽  
Faster Development

Self-consumption energy facilities are presented as viable and sustainable solutions in the energy transition scenario in which many countries are immersed. However, they rely on dispersed and private investments in the territory. Given the uneven growth in the number of self-consumption facilities in Europe, the main objective of this study is to identify and measure the investment determinants in self-consumption facilities. To this end, the main influential incentives and barriers are identified through the aggregate analysis of the regulatory framework for self-consumption in several European countries, and the empirical characterization of Spanish facilities as a multiple case study, to define the common features of the investments made. The technical, economic, and financial characterization of real self-consumption facilities in climatic zones of southern Europe is a significant contribution of the present work. There are few samples of this type in the studies published to date, which have mainly been prepared from case studies or statistical data without identifying particular facilities. Cost-related variables have been identified as the most important variables in private investment decisions, and potential influential factors on these variables that could be regulated have been pointed out as relevant. It is also worth highlighting the elaboration of an analytical framework based on this conceptual approach, which has been proven to be useful to depict regulatory scenarios and to compare the positioning for the development of self-consumption systems in different countries. A model that transfers the influence of the determining factors to the deployment of self-consumption under specific regulatory scenarios has been developed and applied to the case of Spain. As a general reflection, to increase the adoption of this kind of technology and encourage consumers to make private investments, policies for renewable energy must consider self-consumption and microgeneration as the main axis, by increasing the availability of energy when necessary. For instance, the promotion of energy storage from these kinds of facilities could receive priority treatment, as well as rewarding the electricity surplus in the interests of security of supply in a period of energy transition towards a new, more sustainable model. Incentive schemes, aids to compensate for the additional costs resulting from the battery storage or easing restrictions in terms of contracted power would foreseeably increase the rates of adoption of the technology, favoring its faster development in terms of research and development and product innovation.

A Comparison of Management Systems for Development Co-Operation in OECD/DAC Members

2000 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Sik Chang ◽  
Arthur M. Fell ◽  
Michael Laird
Keyword(s):  
Development Assistance ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Development Assistance Committee ◽  
Extreme Poverty ◽  
Specific Target ◽  
Policy Statements ◽  
Key Policy

The Members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) of the OECD have set an ambitious and specific target: reduce by one half the proportion of people living in extreme poverty by 2015. The aid management systems of DAC Members represent key elements in the basic architecture for attaining that goal. A Comparison of Management Systems for Development Co-operation in OECD/DAC Members provides a panaroma of aid management systems of DAC Members. It describes, analyses and compares those systems and provides specific examples. In addition, it presents the main themes of reflection within the DAC with key policy statements.

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