Variety of the Civil Law Context

2019 ◽  
pp. 516-630
Author(s):  
Uwe Kischel
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Simple Solution ◽  
Independent Group ◽  
Legal Thought ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Standard Classification

This chapter explores the variety of civil law. Civil law is not limited simply to Germany and France. However, categorizing the remaining continental European states quickly turns to be problematic and increasingly becomes difficult with more detailed examination. If one starts by looking at Western Europe countries alone, their standard classification as following either German or French legal thought is at least of some limited assistance. However, this kind of simple solution is not appropriate for Eastern Europe. Moreover, Northern European states are traditionally considered an independent group, and reveal some features which distinguish them from the overall climate of civil law legal thought. Finally, civilian legal thought does not end at the geographical borders of Europe. The law of Latin America, despite some unique features, is quite akin to that of Western Europe.

The Puzzle of Populism

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Kenny
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Party Systems

This chapter sets out the puzzle at the center of the book: what explains the success of populist campaigners in India, Asia, and beyond? It summarizes the existing literature on populist success both in Latin America and Western Europe and argues that these explanations do a poor job of explaining Indian and Asian cases in particular. Populists win elections when the institutionalized ties between non-populist parties and voters decay. However, because different kinds of party systems experience distinct stresses and strains, we need different models of populist success based on the prevailing party­–voter linkage system in place in any given country. The chapter then sets out the rationale for concentrating on explaining populist success in patronage-based party systems, which are common not only to Asia, but also to Latin America and Eastern Europe.

scholarly journals Major challenges in clinical management of TB/HIV co-infected patients in Eastern Europe compared with Western Europe and Latin America

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 19505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Marie Efsen ◽  
Anna Schultze ◽  
Frank Post ◽  
Alexander Panteleev ◽  
Hansjakob Furrer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Western Europe

scholarly journals Regional, sex, and age differences in diagnostic testing among participants in the NAVIGATE-ESUS trial

2019 ◽  
pp. 174749301988452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Arauz ◽  
Fabiola Serrano ◽  
Lesly A Pearce ◽  
Scott E Kasner ◽  
Sebastian F Ameriso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
North America ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Mr Angiogram ◽  
Sex And Age Differences

Background and aim The diagnosis of embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) is based on excluding other more likely stroke etiologies, and therefore diagnostic testing plays an especially crucial role. Our objective was to compare the diagnostic testing by region, sex, and age among the participants of NAVIGATE-ESUS trial. Methods Participants were grouped according to five global regions (North America, Latin America, Western Europe, Eastern Europe and East Asia), age (<60, 60–74, and >75 years), and sex. Frequencies of each diagnostic test within areas of echocardiography, cardiac rhythm monitoring, and arterial imaging were described and compared across groups. A multivariable logistic regression model for each diagnostic test was fit to assess the independent influence of each of region, age, and sex and likelihood of testing. Results We included 6985 patients in the analysis (918 from North America; 746 from Latin America; 2853 from Western Europe; 1118 from Eastern Europe; 1350 from East Asia). Average age (highest in Western Europe (69 years), lowest in Eastern Europe (65 years)), % females (highest in Latin America (44%) and lowest in East Asia (31%)), and use of each diagnostic test varied significantly across regions. Region, but not sex, was independently associated with use of each diagnostic test examined. Transesophageal echocardiography and either CT or MR angiogram were more often used in younger patients. Conclusion Diagnostic testing differed by region, and less frequently by age, but not by sex. Our findings reflect the existing variations in global practice in diagnostic testing in ESUS patients.

scholarly journals Does pension privatization increase economic growth? Evidence from Latin America and Eastern Europe

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
NIKOLA ALTIPARMAKOV ◽  
MILAN NEDELJKOVIĆ
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Latin America ◽  
North America ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Cost Containment ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Financial Sustainability ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Pension Funding ◽  
Positive Growth

AbstractAnalyses of pension funding effects on economic growth should differentiate between ‘carve-out’ pension privatization in Latin America and Eastern Europe and typical ‘add-on’ pension funding in Western Europe and North America. We find no evidence that pension privatization in Latin America and Eastern Europe was associated with higher economic growth. The result is robust across both continents and several alternative econometric specifications. Positive growth effects are particularly unlikely in countries resorting to debt-financed privatization. Furthermore, we note the lack of positive pension privatization effects on savings in Eastern Europe, with limited evidence of positive savings effects in Latin America. These findings suggest that cost-containment parametric reforms should be given priority over carve-out pension privatization when considering options for restoring financial sustainability of public Pay-As-You-Go systems.

The Civil Law Tradition: An Introduction to the Legal Systems of Western Europe and Latin America

1970 ◽  
Vol 83 (8) ◽  
pp. 1954
Author(s):  
Arthur Taylor von Mehren ◽  
John Henry Merryman
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Legal Systems

scholarly journals Major Challenges in Clinical Management of TB/HIV Coinfected Patients in Eastern Europe Compared with Western Europe and Latin America

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e0145380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Marie W. Efsen ◽  
Anna Schultze ◽  
Frank A. Post ◽  
Alexander Panteleev ◽  
Hansjakob Furrer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Western Europe

scholarly journals Alden, Patricia, David Lloyd, and Ahmed Samatar (eds.): African Studies and the Undergraduate Curriculum. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers. 1994. 336 pp.

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-176
Author(s):  
Richard E. Stryker
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Study Abroad ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Undergraduate Curriculum ◽  
African Studies

While there is substantial study abroad literature focused on issues relevant to Western Europe, and more and more on Latin America, Eastern Europe, Australia and East Asia, there is little available for the advisor or administrator investigating study abroad in Africa.1 This book review, therefore, represents a modest effort to fill that gap, with reference to a useful edited collection on African Studies and the Undergraduate Curriculum.

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