The Problem of “Justice” as Social Criticism in the Twelve Prophets

2021 ◽  
pp. 158-172
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Smith-Christopher
Keyword(s):  
Social Criticism ◽  
The People ◽  
Book Of The Twelve ◽  
Minor Prophets

This essay considers the theme of justice in the Minor Prophets. The Hebrew term mishpat is prominent in some of the prophetic voices in the Twelve, notably Amos and Micah, where criticism of the Israelite or Judean people but especially the leadership is typically the context for discussions of justice. However, modern commentary literature often proposes that ideas of “justice” are nevertheless implied in those prophetic texts where the Hebrew term itself does not appear—and even in those individual voices or portions that do not include any criticism of the people and their leaders but only foreign peoples. This raises some difficult issues when attempting to read the Book of the Twelve as a single work, forcing commentators to explain why these two ideas—justice and social criticism—do not appear in virtually half of the prophetic voices featured in the work. Is the significance of “justice” a casualty of a proposed “final form” of the Book of the Twelve?

The Minor Prophets’ Relation to the Torah and Former Prophets

2021 ◽  
pp. 185-199
Author(s):  
Rannfrid I. Thelle
Keyword(s):  
Former Prophets ◽  
Book Of The Twelve ◽  
Minor Prophets

This essay tracks references to Israel’s past in the Minor Prophets as one avenue into exploring their connections to the Torah and Former Prophets, while also observing ways in which shared or similar traditions shape prophetic rhetoric. Key themes emerge, such as God’s character, apostasy and idolatry, covenant and judgment, and critique of power and leadership. Specific remarks, particularly in the last of the Twelve, indicate complex and innovative processes of the reinterpretation of Torah and prophecy. These derive canonical meaning when the Book of the Twelve is read in relation to the Torah and Former Prophets as authoritative collections.

scholarly journals Perupaan Karakter Mang Ohle di Koran Pikiran Rakyat Sebagai Realita Pemikiran Rakyat di Jawa Barat

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Agus Triyadi
Keyword(s):  
Social Criticism ◽  
The People

The caricature as part of the drawing works has a straightforward language, verbal, social criticism but is funny and intriguing. The presence of Mang Ohle caricature as a documentation and social criticism characteristic of innocent but smart, such as fictional Sundanese figures are very populist, namely Kabayan, while caricature is critical, satirical, but not make people angry. The Cartoonist Didin Basoeni has a principle, "Herang caina beunang laukna", which means "when the water clear, it is easier to look at the fish". That is, make criticism that avoids conflict. In this article disclosed the analysis of strategy of Mang Ohle characterization  as the agent of the people voice in conveying their aspiration in the Pikiran Rakyat  newspaper printed edition.

Isaiah 56–66

2020 ◽  
pp. 127-141
Author(s):  
Andreas Schüle
Keyword(s):  
The People ◽  
Core Composition ◽  
Book Of The Twelve ◽  
Heaven And Earth ◽  
Theological Message ◽  
Third Isaiah

This chapter discusses the redaction history and theological message of Isa 56–66 (Third Isaiah). It makes a case for essentially two core compositions that each contains a theologically consistent message of prophetic criticism and future promise. The first composition—comprising Isa 58:1–59:21 (prophetic criticism) and Isa 60:1–62:12 (messianic age)—depicts the salvation that the people of Israel may obtain if they heed God’s voice. In many ways this is reminiscent of the prophetic criticism that one finds in the Book of the Twelve (Amos and Hosea in particular). Likewise, the second core composition—comprising Isa 63:7–64:11 (self-accusation) and Isa 65:1–25; 66:1–24 (new heaven and earth)—promises salvation to those who remain faithful to God’s commands.

Contemporary Jewish Readings of the Prophets

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marvin A. Sweeney
Keyword(s):  
Social Roles ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The People ◽  
Book Of The Twelve ◽  
The Temple ◽  
Land Of Israel

Contemporary Jewish critical scholars share many methodological foundations and viewpoints with their Christian counterparts, but there are nevertheless areas of distinctive concern to Jewish interpreters of the Bible in general and the prophets in particular. This chapter therefore addresses issues faced by Jewish scholars in the field., namely, the place of the prophets in the Tanak, i.e. the Jewish version of the Bible; the historical and social roles of the prophets; and treatment of exile, repentance, and restoration of the people to the Temple and the land of Israel in each of the books of the Latter Prophets, including Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and the Book of the Twelve Prophets. Examples of scholars treated include Ehud Ben Zvi, Julie Galambush, Moshe Greenberg, Tamar Kamionkowski, Shalom Paul, Dalit Rom-Shiloni, Benjamin Sommer, Emanuel Tov, and the author.

The Minor Prophets and the Book of the Twelve in Late Eighteenth-Century through Early Twenty-First-Century Research

2021 ◽  
pp. 266-278
Author(s):  
Marvin A. Sweeney
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
First Century ◽  
Theodore Of Mopsuestia ◽  
Critical Scholarship ◽  
Late Eighteenth Century ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Book Of The Twelve ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Minor Prophets

This essay traces and analyzes modern-critical scholarship on the Minor Prophets or Book of the Twelve Prophets from the late eighteenth century through the early twenty-first century. It differentiates between the Christian practice from the time of Jerome and Theodore of Mopsuestia that treated the Twelve as twelve individual Minor Prophets that were collected together and the Jewish practice of reading the Twelve as the Book of the Twelve Prophets. Early treatment of the Minor Prophets focuses especially on the early work of J. G. Eichhorn (1780–1783), W. M. L. de Wette (1817), F. Hitzig (1838), H. Ewald (1840–1841), and B. Duhm (1875, 1922). More modern treatment of the Book of the Twelve Prophets focuses especially on the work of K. Budde (1922), R. E. Wolfe (1935), D. Schneider (1979), O. H. Steck (1991, 1999), James D. Nogalski (1993, 2011), Jakob Wöhrle (2006, 2008), and the author (Sweeney 2000).

God in the Book of the Twelve

2021 ◽  
pp. 101-116
Author(s):  
James D. Nogalski
Keyword(s):  
Eighth Century ◽  
Persian Period ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Book Of The Twelve ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Character Of God ◽  
Do So

This essay considers the nature and character of God in the Twelve. To do so requires one to extrapolate assumptions about God on multiple levels: individual units, thematic developments, and modes of speech. When these elements are evaluated within the individual books and across the Book of the Twelve as a curated collection, a portrait of YHWH’s actions and motives develops that highlights YHWH’s covenantal expectations across time (from the eighth century to the Persian period) and for the future (a Day of YHWH still to come). The resulting portrait has a didactic purpose designed both to warn Jerusalem’s cultic elite of their responsibility and to admonish the people of YHWH to avoid the mistakes of the past.

Zephaniah

2021 ◽  
pp. 498-510
Author(s):  
Cat Quine
Keyword(s):  
Hebrew Bible ◽  
The Other ◽  
Book Of The Twelve ◽  
Key Topics ◽  
Intertextual Connections ◽  
Day Of Yahweh ◽  
The City ◽  
Minor Prophets

This essay discusses the key topics for the study of the book of Zephaniah, including structure, authorship, date, central themes, Zephaniah’s relationship with the Book of the Twelve, and the Hebrew Bible. The themes explored include the Day of Yahweh, illicit cult practice, the contrast between corrupt elite classes and a humble remnant, the city, redemption, and restoration. Many of these themes are found in the other Minor Prophets, but they find unique expression in Zephaniah, carefully crafted to convey the prophet’s message. The essay ends with a reflection on how to read Zephaniah—how to make sense of the individuality of the book among the plurality of intertextual connections found within it.

One Book or Twelve Books?

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
Anna Sieges
Keyword(s):  
Unique Material ◽  
Book Of The Twelve ◽  
Christian History ◽  
Minor Prophets

This essay explains debates about whether the Minor Prophets are twelve separate books or a unified collection. Throughout much of Jewish and Christian history, the twelve “books” of the Minor Prophets have been studied as discrete entities. Some ancient traditions treat the Minor Prophets or the Book of the Twelve as one literary unit, causing modern scholars to consider their unity. In the 1990s, scholars began to notice editorial activity and larger themes in the Minor Prophets, suggesting that the writings within should be read, heard, and studied as one large book. There is still merit in studying each individual book because each book offers unique material. There is also merit in studying the Book of the Twelve as a unity because each of the books helps to interpret the others in the collection.

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