Transportation Policy: Public Transit, Settlement Patterns, and Equity in the United States

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genevieve Giuliano
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Settlement Patterns ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transportation Policy

scholarly journals Cracks in the Melting Pot: Immigration, School Choice, and Segregation

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth U Cascio ◽  
Ethan G Lewis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
School Choice ◽  
Settlement Patterns ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
The United States ◽  
Melting Pot ◽  
School Demographics ◽  
Skilled Immigration ◽  
Households With Children

We examine whether low-skilled immigration to the United States has contributed to immigrants' residential isolation by reducing native demand for public schools. We address endogeneity in school demographics using established Mexican settlement patterns in California and use a comparison group to account for immigration's broader effects. We estimate that between 1970 and 2000, the average California school district lost more than 14 non-Hispanic households with children to other districts in its metropolitan area for every 10 additional households enrolling low-English Hispanics in its public schools. By disproportionately isolating children, the native reaction to immigration may have longer-run consequences than previously thought. (JEL H75, I21, J15, J24, J61, R23)

Trucking Efficiency Versus Transportation Efficiency: An Economic Evaluation of TRB Special Report 267

2003 ◽  
Vol 1833 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard J. McCullough
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transportation Policy ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Regulatory Regime ◽  
Special Report ◽  
Analytical Perspective ◽  
Truck Size And Weight ◽  
Freight Market ◽  
Commercial Motor Vehicles

TRB Special Report 267: Regulation of Weights, Lengths, and Widths of Commercial Motor Vehicles is critically evaluated. It is an important, congressionally mandated report that contains a series of conclusions and recommendations regarding truck size and weight (TS&W) regulations in the United States. The report concludes that increases in TS&W limits have great potential for increasing freight market efficiency but that safety and other effects are not well understood. To facilitate the liberalization of TS&W limits, the report recommends a revised regulatory regime that would involve federal supervision of state-set limits, with evaluation provided by an independent Commercial Traffic Effects Institute. This evaluation argues that the report focuses too narrowly on trucking efficiency and overlooks transportation efficiency. This narrow analytical perspective significantly limits its usefulness in establishing national transportation policy. Also, there is no analytical basis for the report's most important conclusions and recommendations, either in the report or in earlier TS&W studies evaluated by the Committee for the Study of the Regulation of Weights, Lengths, and Widths of Commercial Motor Vehicles.

scholarly journals So Far So Close: Irish and Mexican Migrant Experience in the United States

Oceánide ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
José Antonio Gurpegui Palacios
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Settlement Patterns ◽  
The United States ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Mexican Migrant ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Migratory Experience ◽  
Self Protection

Irish and Mexicans conform two singular migratory groups in the United States. Nowadays it is possible to find important differences between both groups that could lead to think that in both cases the migratory experience responded to different patterns. However, as we empirically analyze the historical, sociological, and political roots of the arrival and settlement of Irish and Mexicans in the United States, it is possible to verify that the two models are not so different. In both cases similar reasons and behaviors are reproduced in aspects related to why they migrated, to settlement patterns, the complex relations with the hegemonic group, or self-protection systems.

The U.S. Federal Gasoline Tax: Time for a Change?

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
David Besanko ◽  
Saahil Malik
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Federal Budget ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transportation Policy ◽  
Pigouvian Tax ◽  
Gasoline Tax ◽  
Gasoline Consumption ◽  
Efficient Level ◽  
Gasoline Taxes ◽  
The U.S

Although the federal gasoline tax played multiple roles in financing surface transportation infrastructure in the United States, experts did not agree on the tax's purpose. Some argued that it was essentially a fee for users of the nation's federally supported highways. Others suggested that it should play a more prominent role in environmental, energy, and transportation policy by correcting for driving-related externalities. Still others suggested that it should be used to reduce the federal budget deficit. Finally, the tax itself had remained at the same level since 1993, and with the Highway Trust Fund virtually insolvent, many experts believed it was time for an increase. The case presents a background on the U.S. federal gasoline tax, an overview of the market for gasoline in the United States, and survey of gasoline taxes in U.S. states as well as several other countries around the world.The case can be used to discuss the incidence of the gasoline tax, as well as its role as a Pigouvian tax to deal with negative externalities related to gasoline consumption and driving. There is sufficient data in the case to enable students to analyze the incidence of the federal gasoline tax and to determine the socially efficient level of the tax in light of externalities related to gasoline consumption and driving.

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