Public Oversight and Reporting Credibility: Evidence from the PCAOB Audit Inspection Regime

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 4532-4579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Gipper ◽  
Christian Leuz ◽  
Mark Maffett
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Capital Markets ◽  
Web Site ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
Market Responses ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Published Paper ◽  
Public Oversight ◽  
Oxford University Press

Abstract This paper studies the impact of public audit oversight on financial reporting credibility. We analyze changes in market responses to earnings news after public audit oversight is introduced, exploiting that the regime onset depends on fiscal year-ends, auditors, and the rollout of auditor inspections. We find that investors respond more strongly to earnings news following public audit oversight. Corroborating these findings, we find an increase in volume responses to 10-K filings after the new regime. Our results show that public audit oversight can enhance reporting credibility and that this credibility is priced in capital markets. Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.

scholarly journals Destructive Creation at Work: How Financial Distress Spurs Entrepreneurship

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 4061-4101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Babina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Web Site ◽  
High Tech ◽  
High Wage ◽  
New Firms ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Published Paper

Abstract Using U.S. Census firm-worker data, I document that firms’ financial distress has an economically important effect on employee departures to entrepreneurship. The impact is amplified in the high-tech and service sectors, where employees are key assets. In states with enforceable noncompete contracts, the effect is mitigated. Compared to typical entrepreneurs, distress-driven entrepreneurs are high-wage workers who found better firms, as measured by jobs, pay, and survival. Startup jobs compensate for 33% of job losses at the constrained incumbents. Overall, the financial inability of incumbent firms to pursue productive opportunities increases the reallocation of economic activity into new firms. Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.

scholarly journals Noncognitive Abilities and Financial Distress: Evidence from a Representative Household Panel

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 3884-3919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianpaolo Parise ◽  
Kim Peijnenburg
Keyword(s):  
Financial Distress ◽  
Web Site ◽  
Income Shocks ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
Editorial Decision ◽  
Differential Exposure ◽  
Published Paper ◽  
Oxford University Press ◽  
Low Ability

AbstractThis paper provides evidence of how noncognitive abilities affect financial distress. In a representative panel of households, we find that people in the bottom quintile of noncognitive abilities are 10 times more likely to experience financial distress than those in the top quintile. We provide evidence that this relation largely arises from worse financial choices and lack of financial insight by low-ability individuals and reflects differential exposure to income shocks only to a lesser degree. We mitigate endogeneity concerns using an IV approach and an extensive set of controls. Implications for policy and finance research are discussed.Received September 24, 2017; editorial decision September 26, 2018 by Editor Stijn Van Nieuwerburgh. Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.

scholarly journals Auto Credit and the 2005 Bankruptcy Reform: The Impact of Eliminating Cramdowns

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 4734-4766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajashri Chakrabarti ◽  
Nathaniel Pattison
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Web Site ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
Editorial Decision ◽  
Historical Variation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Published Paper ◽  
Rule Out

Abstract Auto lenders were perhaps the biggest winners of the 2005 Bankruptcy Reform, as Chapter 13 bankruptcy filers can no longer “cramdown” the amount owed on recent auto loans. We estimate the causal effect of this anticramdown provision on the price and quantity of auto credit. Exploiting historical variation in states’ usage of Chapter 13 bankruptcy, we find strong evidence that eliminating cramdowns decreased interest rates and some evidence that loan sizes increased among subprime borrowers. The decline in interest rates is persistent and is robust to a battery of sensitivity checks. We rule out other reform changes as possible causes. Received September 29, 2016; editorial decision January 15, 2019 by Editor Philip Strahan. Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.

Countercyclical Bank Equity Issuance

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 4186-4230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Baron
Keyword(s):  
Financial Distress ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Web Site ◽  
Market Discipline ◽  
Equity Issuance ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
Bank Equity ◽  
Published Paper ◽  
Oxford University Press

Abstract Over the period 1980–2012, large U.S. commercial banks raise and retain less equity during credit expansions, which amplifies their leverage. The decrease in equity issuance is large relative to subsequent banking losses. I consider a variety of explanations for why banks resist raising equity and find evidence consistent with the diminishment of creditor market discipline due to government guarantees. I test this explanation by analyzing the removal of government guarantees to German Landesbank creditors and find that creditor market discipline and equity issuance increase. These findings help explain why banks resist raising equity, making financial distress more likely. Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.

Resiliency and Stock Returns

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 747-782
Author(s):  
Jian Hua ◽  
Lin Peng ◽  
Robert A Schwartz ◽  
Nazli Sila Alan
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Web Site ◽  
Trading Volume ◽  
Expected Returns ◽  
Control Variables ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
And Control ◽  
Published Paper ◽  
Extensive List ◽  
Oxford University Press

Abstract We present resiliency as a measure of liquidity and assess its relationship to expected returns. We establish a covariance-based measure, RES, that captures opening period resiliency, and use it to find a significant nonresiliency premium that ranges from 33 to 57 basis points per month. The premium persists after accounting for an extensive list of other liquidity-related measures and control variables. The results are significant for both value-weighted and equal-weighted returns, when micro-cap stocks are excluded, and for a sample of large cap stocks. The premium is particularly pronounced when trading volume is high. Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.

Peer Financial Distress and Individual Leverage

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 3348-3390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankit Kalda
Keyword(s):  
Financial Distress ◽  
Web Site ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Health Shocks ◽  
Intensive Margin ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
Published Paper ◽  
Average Individual ◽  
Oxford University Press

Abstract Using health shocks to identify financial distress situations, I document that peer distress leads to a decline in individual leverage and debt on average. Individual leverage declines by 5.7% and remains deflated for at least five years following peer distress. This decline occurs as individuals borrow less on the intensive margin, pay higher fractions of their debt and save more while their income remains unchanged. As a result, individuals are less likely to default during the period following peer distress. The heterogeneity in responses highlight the role of changes in beliefs and preferences as the underlying mechanism. (JEL D10, D12, D14, D84, H31, R20) Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.

scholarly journals The Value of Offshore Secrets: Evidence from the Panama Papers

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 4117-4155 ◽  
Author(s):  
James O’Donovan ◽  
Hannes F Wagner ◽  
Stefan Zeume
Keyword(s):  
Web Site ◽  
Market Capitalization ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
Editorial Decision ◽  
Published Paper ◽  
Oxford University Press

AbstractWe exploit one of the largest data leaks, to date, to study whether and how firms use secret offshore vehicles. From the leaked data, we identify 338 listed firms as users of secret offshore vehicles and document that these vehicles are used to finance corruption, avoid taxes, and expropriate shareholders. Overall, the leak erased $\$$174 billion in market capitalization among implicated firms. Following the increased transparency brought about by the leak, implicated firms experience lower sales from perceptively corrupt countries and avoid less tax. We conservatively estimate that 1 in 7 firms have offshore secrets.Received May 29, 2017; editorial decision December 2, 2018 by Editor Itay Goldstein. Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.

scholarly journals Does Partisanship Shape Investor Beliefs? Evidence from the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 863-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Anthony Cookson ◽  
Joseph E Engelberg ◽  
William Mullins
Keyword(s):  
Web Site ◽  
Difference In Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
Published Paper ◽  
Oxford University Press

Abstract We use party-identifying language—like “liberal media” and “MAGA”—to identify Republican users on the investor social platform StockTwits. Using a difference-in-difference design, we find that partisan Republicans remain relatively unfazed in their beliefs about equities during the COVID-19 pandemic, while other users become considerably more pessimistic. In cross-sectional tests, we find Republicans become relatively more optimistic about stocks that suffered the most during the COVID-19 crisis, but more pessimistic about Chinese stocks. Finally, stocks with the greatest partisan disagreement on StockTwits have significantly more trading in the broader market, explaining 28% of the increase in stock turnover during the pandemic. Authors have furnished data and an Internet Appendix, which are available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.

Seed-Stage Success and Growth of Angel Co-investment Networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buvaneshwaran Venugopal ◽  
Vijay Yerramilli
Keyword(s):  
Web Site ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
Editorial Decision ◽  
Success Experience ◽  
Angel Investment ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Published Paper ◽  
Oxford University Press

Abstract Using hand-collected data, we show that coinvestment is widespread in the angel investment market, even among seed-stage startups. Individual angels with demonstrated seed-stage success experience an increase in the quantity, quality, and geographic and industry spread of their coinvestment connections relative to unsuccessful peers and are rewarded with more deal flow. These results are stronger for less-established angels and for angels whose successes are more indicative of their ability. Success also begets more success: the portfolio companies of successful angels are more likely to receive follow-on financing, especially from VC firms. Our results highlight how angels grow their coinvestment networks. (JEL G24, L14, L26, M13). Received June 8, 2020; editorial decision June 21, 2021 by Editor Isil Erel. Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.

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