Collective effective dose in Europe from X-ray and nuclear medicine procedures

2015 ◽  
Vol 165 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 129-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bly ◽  
A. Jahnen ◽  
H. Järvinen ◽  
H. Olerud ◽  
J. Vassileva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nuclear Medicine Procedures

Radiation exposure of patients undergoing nuclear medicine procedures in Germany between 1996 and 2000

2005 ◽  
Vol 44 (05) ◽  
pp. 119-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Schnell-Inderst ◽  
D. Noßke ◽  
M. Weiss ◽  
A. Stamm-Meyer ◽  
G. Brix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Public Health Information ◽  
Nuclear Medicine Procedures ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Icrp Publication

Summary:The aim of this study was to estimate both the frequency and effective dose of nuclear medicine procedures performed in Germany between 1996 and 2000 for different subgroups of patients. Methods: Electronically archived data from 14 hospitals and 10 private practices were restored and statistically analyzed. The effective dose per examination was calculated according to ICRP publication 80 using the tissue weighting factors given in ICRP publication 60. Based on the data collected, statistical parameters were computed to characterize the frequency and effective dose of the various nuclear medicine procedures. Results: In total, 604,771 nuclear medicine procedures performed in 433,709 patients were analyzed. On average, 1.4 examinations were carried out per patient and year. The median effective dose was 1.7 [5.-95. percentile; mean: 0.4–8.5; 2.9] mSv per examination and 2.3 [0.5–11.2; 3.5] mSv per patient. Interestingly, the mean effective dose per examination, but not the number of examinations per year increased with the age of the patients. Most frequent were examinations of the thyroid (36.7%), the skeleton (27.1%) and the cardiovascular system (11.1%), which were associated with a median effective dose of 0.5 [0.5–1.1; 0.7] mSv, 3.4 [2.9–5.1; 3.6] mSv and 7.3 [3.2–21.0; 9.5] mSv, respectively. Over the five-year period examined, the total annual number of PET procedures (222.3%) as well as of examinations of thyroid (24.5%), skeleton (17.9%), and the cardiovascular system (14.9%) increased markedly, whereas a decrease was observed for brain (-39.3%), lung (-20.2%) and renal (-15.0%) scans. Conclusion: The age- and gender-specific data presented in this study provide detailed public health information on both the current status and recent trends in the practice of diagnostic nuclear medicine examinations.

CONTEMPORARY COLLECTIVE EFFECTIVE DOSE TO THE POPULATION FROM X-RAY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE EXAMINATIONS—CHANGES OVER LAST 10 YEARS IN FINLAND

2020 ◽  
Vol 189 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-322
Author(s):  
Ritva Bly ◽  
Hannu Järvinen ◽  
Sampsa Kaijaluoto ◽  
Verneri Ruonala
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Plain Radiography ◽  
Conversion Factors ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Weighting Factors ◽  
Effective Doses

Abstract Contemporary collective effective doses to the population from x-ray and nuclear medicine examinations in Finland in 2018 was estimated. The estimated effective dose per caput from x-ray examinations increased from year 2008 to 2018 respectively from 0.45 mSv to 0.72 mSv and from nuclear medicine examinations from 0.03 mSv to 0.04 mSv. The proportional dose due to CT examinations of the total collective effective dose from all x-ray examinations increased from 58% in 2008 to 70% in 2018 and the dose did not change substantially in total when new conversion factors were applied. The collective effective dose from conventional plain radiography did not change substantially during the last ten years while the new (ICRP 103) tissue weighting factors were taken into use in 2018, however frequencies of examinations in total decreased. The collective effective dose from CT in nuclear medicine tripled between 2009 and 2018.

Estimated collective effective dose to the population from X-ray and nuclear medicine examinations in Finland

2011 ◽  
Vol 147 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 233-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bly ◽  
H. Jarvinen ◽  
M. H. Korpela ◽  
P. Tenkanen-Rautakoski ◽  
A. Makinen
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
X Ray

The estimation of the effective dose to a population from nuclear medicine procedures in north of Iran

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2/3) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Ali Shabestani Monfared ◽  
Mehrangiz Amiri ◽  
Fereidoon Mahboob ◽  
Sima Farahi Ashtiani
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
North Of Iran ◽  
Nuclear Medicine Procedures

Diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures in Germany between 1996 and 2002

2006 ◽  
Vol 45 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Noßke ◽  
P. Schnell-Inderst ◽  
M. Hacker ◽  
K. Hahn ◽  
G. Brix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
German Population ◽  
Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Public Health Information ◽  
Health Insurance Companies ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
Application Frequency ◽  
Nuclear Medicine Procedures

Summary Aim: Man-made radiation exposure to the German population predominantly results from the medical use of ionizing radiation. It was therefore the aim of the present study, to provide public health information concerning diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures carried out in Germany between 1996 and 2002. Material and methods: Application frequencies for 10 groups of procedures were estimated from official reimbursement data provided by the German health insurance companies. Mean effective doses for these examinations were estimated from data provided by 14 clinics and 10 practices concerning the radiopharmaceuticals in use and the activities administered. Results: During the period 1996-2002, a total of (3.83 ± 0.31) million nuclear medicine procedures were performed in average per year, which corresponds to a mean annual application frequency of approximately 47 examinations per 1 000 inhabitants. More than 90% of the examinations were scintigraphies of the thyroid (37%), skeleton (25%), myocardium (13%), lungs (8%) and kidneys (8%). The averaged collective effective dose was (10.2 ± 1.4) ⋅103 manSv per year, which corresponds to a mean annual per caput effective dose of about (0.12 ± 0.02) mSv. Three types of procedures were responsible for about 80% of the total collective effective dose: scintigraphies of the myocardium (36%), skeleton (33%) and thyroid (10%). Averaged over all procedures carried-out, the mean effective dose per examination was (2.7 ± 0.8) mSv. Conclusion: The average effective dose per inhabitant and year caused by nuclear medicine examinations is markedly lower than that resulting from medical X-ray procedures (0.12 vs. 1.8 mSv). Reduction of patient exposure may be achieved, for example, by replacing 201Tl-labeled radiopharmaceuticals by 99mTc-labeled compounds.

scholarly journals Patient Exposure from Radiologic and Nuclear Medicine Procedures in the United States: Procedure Volume and Effective Dose for the Period 2006–2016

Radiology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 295 (2) ◽  
pp. 418-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred A. Mettler ◽  
Mahadevappa Mahesh ◽  
Mythreyi Bhargavan-Chatfield ◽  
Charles E. Chambers ◽  
Jennifer G. Elee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
The United States ◽  
Patient Exposure ◽  
Procedure Volume ◽  
Nuclear Medicine Procedures

Usulan kriteria pemulangan pasien (patient release) kedokteran nuklir di Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
Endang Kunarsih ◽  
◽  
Hermansyah Hermansyah ◽  
Rusmanto Rusmanto
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Radiation Source ◽  
Radioactive Substance ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Conditional Release ◽  
The Public ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Calculated Dose ◽  
Nuclear Medicine Procedures

Nuclear medicine procedures are carried out by applying a radioactive substance to the patient’s body. Thus, the patient can be assumed to be a ‘radiation source’ and needs to follow special provisions so that his presence does not expose nearby individuals unnecessarily. Therefore, when the patient is released from the hospital, it must ensure that the patient’s radiation exposure does not expose the individuals in the vicinity. However, several related regulations have not regulated this in detail. In this paper, a study is carried out regarding the criteria considered in the release of nuclear medicine patients. The method used is a literature study. The study results recommend release criteria through two approaches based on the estimated maximum effective dose that the public may accept, namely conditional release with a calculated dose of less than or equal to 5 mSv and unconditional release with an estimated dose of less than or equal to 1 mSv. Conditional release is the release of a patient provided with post-release guidance, while unconditional release is the release of the patient without being supplied with post-release advice. Keywords: nuclear medicine, patient release, conditional release, unconditional release

Patient Exposure and Radiation Risk in Bulgarian Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine I. Survey of Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine Procedures in Bulgaria in 1980

1982 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Poppitz
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Radiation Risk ◽  
Patient Exposure ◽  
Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Nuklearmedizinische Diagnostik ◽  
Nuclear Medicine Procedures

Um die Strahlenexposition und das Strahlenrisiko für die Bevölkerung durch die nuklearmedizinische Diagnostik in Bulgarien zu ermitteln, wurde eine Erhebung für das Jahr 1980 über die Arten und Anzahl der Applikationen von Radiopharmaka, über die verwendeten Aktivitäten und über die Geschlechts- und Altersverteilung der untersuchten Patienten durchgeführt. Die Gesamtzahl diagnostischer in vivo Applikationen betrug 116418 (davon 40,5% bei Männern und 59,5% bei Frauen), d.h. 13,1 Applikationen per 1000 Einwohner. Die applizierte Gesamtaktivität aller 44 verwendeter Radiopharmaka betrug ca. 2,1 TBq (56 Ci). Die Geschlechts- und Altersverteilung der untersuchten Patienten war ähnlich jener in anderen Ländern: nur 17,4% aller Patienten waren im reproduktionsfähigen Alter, 52,7% waren über 45 Jahre alt. Im Vergleich zu anderen entwickelten Ländern war in Bulgarien im Jahr 1980 der Anteil der 131J-Jodid-Untersuchungen verhältnismäßig hoch.

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