scholarly journals Ketoconazole Impairs Early Pregnancy and the Decidual Cell Response via Alterations in Ovarian Function

1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-246
Author(s):  
Andrey M. Cummings ◽  
Joan L. Hedge ◽  
John Laskey
1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matti Korhonen ◽  
Ismo Virtanen

We studied the distribution of laminin (Ln) α1–α3, β1–β3, and γ1 chains, and of the extradomain-A (EDA) and EDB and the oncofetal epitope of fibronectin (Onc-Fn) in extravillous trophoblastic cells and decidua in the human placenta by immunohistochemistry. We found that the transition from villous to extravillous trophoblast was accompanied by emergence of immunoreactivity for EDA-, EDB-, and Onc-Fn among the cells. Furthermore, whereas the villous trophoblastic basement membrane (BM) contains Ln α1, α2, β1, β2, and γ1 chains, immunoreactivity for Ln α1, β1, and γ1, but not for Ln α2 and β2 chains, was detected in association with extravillous trophoblastic cells. Interestingly, although immunoreactivity for the Ln α1, α2, β1, β2, and γ1 chains was detected in all decidual cell BMs, EDB-Fn and Onc-Fn were detected only in decidua that had been invaded by the trophoblast. In summary, our results describe distinct changes in the distribution of Ln and Fn isoforms during the differentiation of villous trophoblast into extravillous trophoblastic cells. Furthermore, EDB- and Onc-Fn are preferentially found in decidua that has been invaded by the trophoblast, indicating that the deposition of these Fn isoforms reflects a decidual cell response to invasion.


2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 633-642
Author(s):  
Na Li ◽  
Siyu Lu ◽  
Yubin Ding ◽  
Xuemei Chen ◽  
Junlin He ◽  
...  

Background: Recent studies have demonstrated that endometrial DNA methylation is essential for embryo implantation during early pregnancy. Dnmt3a is one of the key enzymes for DNA methylation and could be expressed in the endometrium regularly at this stage. Objective and Methods: In this study, we conditionally ablated uterine Dnmt3a using progesterone receptor-cre (Pgrcre) to define the physiological roles of Dnmt3a in female reproduction. Results: We found that ovarian function was not apparently altered and the number of embryo implantation sites in Dnmt3aloxP/loxP Pgrcre/+ (cKO) was not significantly varied during early pregnancy. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry results showed no difference in expression or location of the estrogen receptor α (ERα) and mucin 1 (Muc1), the marker of uterine receptivity. Although the expression of decidual markers, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (Mmp2), matrix metalloproteinase-9(Mmp9), and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (Bmp2), was slightly decreased in Dnmt3a cKO females, the gross morphology of mice uteri during decidualization was not significantly influenced. In the artificial induction of the decidualization model, there was also no remarkable difference in visually observed morphology or uterine weight in Dnmt3a cKO. Lastly, a continuous breeding study showed that the fertility of Dnmt3a cKO female mice was not strikingly altered. Conclusion: Overall, these results demonstrated that although some decidual markers are expressed abnormally, conditional knockout of Dnmt3a in the uterus did not significantly affect the endometrial function during embryo implantation; the embryo could implant into the endometrium normally.


Hypertension ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Bridget Brosnihan ◽  
Liliya M Yamaleyeva ◽  
Patricia E Gallagher ◽  
Victor M Pulgar ◽  
Liomar A Neves

Endocannabinoids (ECs) are important contributors to implantation and decidualization and are suppressed in early pregnancy. Elevated levels of anandamine (AEA), the endogenous ligand for the CB 1 and CB 2 receptor (R), interfere with receptivity of the blastocyst. Ang-(1-7) is present in the decidualized zones of the implantation site (IS) at early pregnancy and is down-regulated in the IS in normal pregnancy. We determined the effects of intra-uterine Ang-(1-7) on the EC system in the decidualized uterus. Ovariectomized rats were sensitized for the decidual cell reaction by steroid treatment. Decidualization was induced by infusion of phosphate buffered saline into the left horn (infused); the right horn was non-infused. Ang-(1-7) (24 μg/kg/hr) or vehicle was given into one of the two uterine horns. CB 1 R mRNA was reduced by decidualization but increased in the presence of Ang-(1-7) . CB 2 R mRNA was increased by decidualization and by Ang-(1-7) ( Figure). The enzyme metabolizing AEA, fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), was reduced by decidualization (1.0 ± 0.07 vs. 0.13 ± 0.03 U, p<0.01) and remained reduced by Ang-(1-7), whereas the enzyme metabolizing 2-arachidonylglycerol, monoacyl glycerol lipase (MAGL), was unchanged by decidualization (1.06 ± 0.11 vs. 1.34 ± 0.13 U, ns) and increased by Ang-(1-7) (1.32 ± 0.19 vs. 2.27 ± 0.23 U, p<0.01). These findings report for the first time that Ang-(1-7) augments the expression of CB 1 R, CB 2 R and MAGL in the decidualized uterus. The effects of Ang-(1-7) to disrupt regulation of the EC system may interfere with the early events of decidualization, including alterations in angiogenesis, apoptosis, permeability, and receptivity.


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