scholarly journals Effect of the Timing of Fungicide Application on Fusarium Head Blight and Mycotoxin Contamination in Wheat

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 845-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megumi Yoshida ◽  
Takashi Nakajima ◽  
Kenta Tomimura ◽  
Fumihiko Suzuki ◽  
Michiyoshi Arai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Late Period ◽  
Grain Development ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Fungicide Application ◽  
Mycotoxin Contamination ◽  
Testing Period ◽  
Critical Timing

Fungicide application to control Fusarium head blight (FHB) and accompanying mycotoxin contamination in wheat is generally performed at anthesis because wheat is most susceptible to FHB around this stage. In this study, we evaluated the effect of the timing of fungicide application on FHB and mycotoxin (deoxynivalenol and nivalenol) accumulation in wheat based on our previous finding that the late period of grain development (beyond 20 days after anthesis [DAA]) is important to determine the final toxin contamination level in wheat. Thiophanate-methyl fungicide was tested under artificial inoculation conditions in which moisture and inoculum spores were provided throughout the testing period. Eight treatments differing in application timing (anthesis, 10, 20, and 30 DAA) and in the number of applications (0 to 2) were tested for 2 years. The results indicated that fungicide application timing differentially affects FHB (disease) and mycotoxin concentration. Fungicide application at 20 DAA reduced mycotoxin concentration in matured grain without reducing FHB severity, whereas application at anthesis was crucial for reducing FHB. These results and our previous findings suggest that around 20 DAA (late milk stage) is a potentially critical timing for mycotoxin control in wheat.

Effects of fungicide chemical class, fungicide application timing, and environment on Fusarium head blight in winter wheat

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. 667-679
Author(s):  
Carlos Bolanos-Carriel ◽  
Stephen N. Wegulo ◽  
P. Stephen Baenziger ◽  
Deanna Funnell-Harris ◽  
Heather E. Hallen-Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Fungicide Application ◽  
Chemical Class

scholarly journals Effect of the Timing of Fungicide Application on Fusarium Head Blight and Mycotoxin Accumulation in Closed-Flowering Barley

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (8) ◽  
pp. 1164-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megumi Yoshida ◽  
Takashi Nakajima ◽  
Michiyoshi Arai ◽  
Fumihiko Suzuki ◽  
Kenta Tomimura
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Critical Time ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Fungicide Application ◽  
Testing Period ◽  
Anther Extrusion ◽  
Full Head ◽  
Days After Anthesis

Fungicide application is one measure available to reduce the risk of Fusarium head blight (FHB) and mycotoxin contamination in barley. The stage at or near anthesis, or at full head emergence, is generally thought to be optimal for fungicide application, regardless of cultivar. However, we have previously found that the most critical time for Fusarium graminearum infection and mycotoxin accumulation in barley differs among cultivars. Whereas chasmogamous (open-flowering) cultivars were most susceptible at anthesis, cleistogamous (closed-flowering) cultivars were considerably resistant at anthesis but became susceptible after ‘spent’ anther extrusion. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of the timing of fungicide application on FHB and mycotoxin (deoxynivalenol and nivalenol) accumulation in cleistogamous barley. Thiophanate-methyl fungicide was applied at different developmental stages, from before anthesis to 30 days after anthesis (DAA), under artificial inoculation conditions in the field in which inoculum spores were provided throughout the testing period. As expected, the optimal timing for chemical control of FHB and mycotoxin accumulation was the time around the beginning of spent anther extrusion rather than at anthesis. Later application, as late as 30 DAA, was also effective in controlling mycotoxin accumulation, although it was not effective in controlling disease levels.

scholarly journals Effect of application timing of metconazole on Fusarium head blight development and mycotoxin contamination in wheat and barley

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki Tateishi ◽  
Taiji Miyake ◽  
Masaru Mori ◽  
Yoneko Sakuma ◽  
Toshihide Saishoji
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Mycotoxin Contamination

Fungicide Mitigates Fusarium Head Blight in Durum Wheat when Applied as Late as the End of Flowering in Western Canada

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gursahib Singh ◽  
Gary Peng ◽  
Garry Hnatowich ◽  
Hadley R. Kutcher
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Current Recommendation ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Fungicide Application

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most important diseases of durum, spring and winter wheat in Canada. Growers rely on an integrated strategy to manage the disease, including fungicide application at the current recommendation of early to 50% anthesis (BBCH61-65). This study evaluated the effect of fungicide-application timing and seeding rates of durum wheat on FHB. Field trials were carried out from 2016 to 2018 at three locations in Saskatchewan. Eight treatments of metconazole fungicide ‘Caramba®’ were applied to durum seeded at 75 and 400 seeds m-2. The fungicide treatments consisted of a nontreated check, a treated check, and applications at BBCH59, BBCH61, BBCH65, BBCH69, BBCH73 and a dual application treatment (BBCH61 followed by BBCH73). FHB index, proportion of Fusarium-damaged kernels (%FDK), deoxynivalenol (DON), grain protein content (GPC; %), and yield were evaluated. Seeding rates influenced all parameters. The high seeding rate had a higher yield and FHB index, but lower DON and GPC than the lower seeding rate. All fungicide treatments resulted in lower FHB index, DON, and %FDK than the nontreated check. Under FHB conducive conditions, all anthesis applications from BBCH61 to BBCH69 had a similar effect on FHB index, %FDK, DON, and yield, whereas in years with low disease severity, the application at BBCH65 had lower FHB index, %FDK and DON relative to other single applications. The dual application (BBCH61+73) treatment resulted in similar FHB index levels, %FDK, and DON content as the BBCH65 application at all site-years. Our results indicate that the window of fungicide application can be extended to the end of flowering when FHB risk is high.

Evaluation of Application Timing of Miravis Ace for Control of Fusarium Head Blight in Wheat

2021 ◽  
pp. PHP-01-21-0007-
Author(s):  
Lovepreet Singh ◽  
Taylor Schulden ◽  
Jason P. Wight ◽  
Joseph Crank ◽  
Louis Thorne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Significant Control ◽  
Small Window ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Serious Disease

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a serious disease of wheat and barley that not only lowers yield but also contaminates the grain with associated mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON). Chemical control options for FHB and DON include application of triazole fungicides at the anthesis or flowering stage. This presents practical challenges for growers in managing FHB, as the appropriate timing window typically lasts only 3 to 4 days. If this small window is missed, due to weather conditions or technical problems, fungicide application is less effective in controlling FHB and DON. The present work was conducted over 2 years (2019 and 2020) to test the efficacy of a new fungicide (pydiflumetofen + propiconazole) from Syngenta labeled as Miravis Ace in controlling FHB and DON content at 50% head emergence (Feekes 10.3), anthesis (Feekes 10.5.1), and end of flowering (Feekes 10.5.3) stages. Prosaro 421 SC, a standard FHB control triazole fungicide, was used at all three stages for comparison with the test fungicide. Miravis Ace application at 50% head emergence provided significant control over the nontreated check for FHB incidence (2020), FHB severity (2019), and DON content (2019) with control efficacies as high as 51, 69, and 52%, respectively. However, mean control percentages relative to the check were highest with Miravis Ace at anthesis in both 2019 and 2020 for all the FHB parameters. In conclusion, 50% head emergence provides statistically significant control on FHB and DON, but anthesis was the most effective application stage for Miravis Ace.

scholarly journals Effects of Integrating Cultivar Resistance and Fungicide Application on Fusarium Head Blight and Deoxynivalenol in Winter Wheat

Plant Disease ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 554-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen N. Wegulo ◽  
William W. Bockus ◽  
John Hernandez Nopsa ◽  
Erick D. De Wolf ◽  
Kent M. Eskridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Cultivar Resistance ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Fungicide Application ◽  
Fungicide Efficacy ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Fusarium head blight (FHB) or scab, incited by Fusarium graminearum, can cause significant economic losses in small grain production. Five field experiments were conducted from 2007 to 2009 to determine the effects on FHB and the associated mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) of integrating winter wheat cultivar resistance and fungicide application. Other variables measured were yield and the percentage of Fusarium-damaged kernels (FDK). The fungicides prothioconazole + tebuconazole (formulated as Prosaro 421 SC) were applied at the rate of 0.475 liters/ha, or not applied, to three cultivars (experiments 1 to 3) or six cultivars (experiments 4 and 5) differing in their levels of resistance to FHB and DON accumulation. The effect of cultivar on FHB index was highly significant (P < 0.0001) in all five experiments. Under the highest FHB intensity and no fungicide application, the moderately resistant cultivars Harry, Heyne, Roane, and Truman had less severe FHB than the susceptible cultivars 2137, Jagalene, Overley, and Tomahawk (indices of 30 to 46% and 78 to 99%, respectively). Percent fungicide efficacy in reducing index and DON was greater in moderately resistant than in susceptible cultivars. Yield was negatively correlated with index, with FDK, and with DON, whereas index was positively correlated with FDK and with DON, and FDK and DON were positively correlated. Correlation between index and DON, index and FDK, and FDK and DON was stronger in susceptible than in moderately resistant cultivars, whereas the negative correlation between yield and FDK and yield and DON was stronger in moderately resistant than in susceptible cultivars. Overall, the strongest correlation was between index and DON (0.74 ≤ R ≤ 0.88, P ≤ 0.05). The results from this study indicate that fungicide efficacy in reducing FHB and DON was greater in moderately resistant cultivars than in susceptible ones. This shows that integrating cultivar resistance with fungicide application can be an effective strategy for management of FHB and DON in winter wheat.

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