Development of Novel Wheat-Aegilops longissima 3Sl Translocations Conferring Powdery Mildew Resistance and Specific Molecular Markers for Chromosome 3Sl

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanhuan Li ◽  
Xiubin Tian ◽  
Shaolong Pei ◽  
Wenqiang Men ◽  
Chao Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Aegilops Longissima ◽  
Translocation Lines

Powdery mildew of wheat, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is a destructive disease of wheat. Cultivation of resistant varieties is the most cost-effective disease management strategy. Previous studies reported that chromosome 3Sl#2 present in Chinese Spring (CS)-Aegilops longissima 3Sl#2(3B) disomic substitution line TA3575 conferred resistance to powdery mildew. In this study, we further located the powdery mildew resistance gene(s) to the short arm of chromosome 3Sl#2 (3Sl#2S) by evaluating for Bgt-resistance of newly developed CS-Ae. longissima 3Sl#2 translocation lines. Meanwhile, TA7545, a previously designated CS-Ae. longissima 3Sl#3 disomic addition line, was re-identified as an isochromosome 3Sl#3S addition line and evaluated to confer resistance to powdery mildew, thus locating the resistance gene(s) to the short arm of chromosome 3Sl#3 (3Sl#3S). Based on transcriptome sequences of TA3575, ten novel chromosome 3SlS-specific markers were developed, of which, five could be used to distinguish between 3Sl#2S and 3Sl#3S derived from Ae. longissima accessions TL20 and TA1910 (TAM4), and the remaining five could identify both 3Sl#2S and 3Sl#3S. Besides, CL897, one of five markers specific to both 3Sl#2S and 3Sl#3S, could be used to detect Pm13 located at chromosome 3Sl#1S from Ae. longissima accession TL01 in diverse wheat genetic backgrounds. The powdery mildew resistance genes on chromosomes 3Sl#2S and 3Sl#3S, the CS-Ae. longissima 3Sl#2 translocation lines, and the 3SlS-specific markers developed in this study will provide new germplasm resources for powdery mildew resistance breeding and facilitate the transfer of Bgt-resistance genes into common wheat.

scholarly journals RMo1 Confers Blast Resistance in Barley and Is Located within the Complex of Resistance Genes Containing Mla, a Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1034-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Inukai ◽  
M. Isabel Vales ◽  
Kiyosumi Hori ◽  
Kazuhiro Sato ◽  
Patrick M. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Linkage Map ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Mildew Resistance

Isolates of Magnaporthe oryzae (the causal agent of rice blast disease) can infect a range of grass species, including barley. We report that barley Hordeum vulgare cv. Baronesse and an experimental line, BCD47, show a range of resistance reactions to infection with two rice blast isolates. The complete resistance of Baronesse to the isolate Ken 54–20 is controlled by a single dominant gene, designated RMo1. RMo1 mapped to the same linkage map position on chromosome 1H as the powdery mildew resistance locus Mla and an expressed sequence tag (k04320) that corresponds to the barley gene 711N16.16. A resistance quantitative trait locus (QTL), at which Baronesse contributed the resistance allele, to the isolate Ken 53–33 also mapped at the same position as RMo1. Synteny analysis revealed that a corresponding region on rice chromosome 5 includes the bacterial blight resistance gene xa5. These results indicate that a defined region on the short arm of barley chromosome 1H, including RMo1 and Mla, harbors genes conferring qualitative and quantitative resistance to multiple pathogens. The partial resistance of BCD47 to Ken53–33 is determined by alleles at three QTL, two of which coincide with the linkage map positions of the mildew resistance genes mlo and Mlf.

scholarly journals Strategies for RUN1 Deployment Using RUN2 and REN2 to Manage Grapevine Powdery Mildew Informed by Studies of Race Specificity

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (8) ◽  
pp. 1104-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Feechan ◽  
Marianna Kocsis ◽  
Summaira Riaz ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
David M. Gadoury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Grapevine Powdery Mildew ◽  
Additional Resistance ◽  
Race Specificity

The Toll/interleukin-1 receptor nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat gene, “resistance to Uncinula necator 1” (RUN1), from Vitis rotundifolia was recently identified and confirmed to confer resistance to the grapevine powdery mildew fungus Erysiphe necator (syn. U. necator) in transgenic V. vinifera cultivars. However, sporulating powdery mildew colonies and cleistothecia of the heterothallic pathogen have been found on introgression lines containing the RUN1 locus growing in New York (NY). Two E. necator isolates collected from RUN1 vines were designated NY1-131 and NY1-137 and were used in this study to inform a strategy for durable RUN1 deployment. In order to achieve this, fitness parameters of NY1-131 and NY1-137 were quantified relative to powdery mildew isolates collected from V. rotundifolia and V. vinifera on vines containing alleles of the powdery mildew resistance genes RUN1, RUN2, or REN2. The results clearly demonstrate the race specificity of RUN1, RUN2, and REN2 resistance alleles, all of which exhibit programmed cell death (PCD)-mediated resistance. The NY1 isolates investigated were found to have an intermediate virulence on RUN1 vines, although this may be allele specific, while the Musc4 isolate collected from V. rotundifolia was virulent on all RUN1 vines. Another powdery mildew resistance locus, RUN2, was previously mapped in different V. rotundifolia genotypes, and two alleles (RUN2.1 and RUN2.2) were identified. The RUN2.1 allele was found to provide PCD-mediated resistance to both an NY1 isolate and Musc4. Importantly, REN2 vines were resistant to the NY1 isolates and RUN1REN2 vines combining both genes displayed additional resistance. Based on these results, RUN1-mediated resistance in grapevine may be enhanced by pyramiding with RUN2.1 or REN2; however, naturally occurring isolates in North America display some virulence on vines with these resistance genes. The characterization of additional resistance sources is needed to identify resistance gene combinations that will further enhance durability. For the resistance gene combinations currently available, we recommend using complementary management strategies, including fungicide application, to reduce populations of virulent isolates.

scholarly journals Physical Mapping of Pm57, a Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene Derived from Aegilops searsii

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenjie Dong ◽  
Xiubin Tian ◽  
Chao Ma ◽  
Qing Xia ◽  
Beilin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Binding Site ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Nucleotide Binding ◽  
Leucine Rich Repeat ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene ◽  
Mildew Resistance

Powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt) is one of many severe diseases that threaten bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield and quality worldwide. The discovery and deployment of powdery mildew resistance genes (Pm) can prevent this disease epidemic in wheat. In a previous study, we transferred the powdery mildew resistance gene Pm57 from Aegilops searsii into common wheat and cytogenetically mapped the gene in a chromosome region with the fraction length (FL) 0.75-0.87, which represents 12% of 2Ss#1 segment on the long arm of chromosome 2Ss#1. In this study, we performed RNA-Seq on three infected and mock-infected wheat-Ae. searsii 2Ss#1 introgression lines with Bgt-isolates inoculation at 0, 12, 24, and 48 hours after inoculation. Then we designed 79 molecular markers based on transcriptome sequences and physically mapped them to Ae. searsii chromosome 2Ss#1- in seven intervals. We used these markers to identify 46 wheat-Ae. searsii 2Ss#1 recombinants induced by ph1b, a deletion mutant of pairing homoelogous (Ph) genes. Analysis of the 46 ph1b-induced 2Ss#1L recombinants with different Bgt-responses using 28 2Ss#1L-specific molecular markers in the interval FL0.72-0.87 where Pm57 is located, and the flanking intervals, we physically mapped Pm57 gene on the long arm of 2Ss#1 in a 5.13 Mb genomic region, which was flanked by markers X67593 (773.72 Mb) and X62492 (778.85 Mb). By comparative synteny analysis of the corresponding region on chromosome 2B in Chinese spring (T. aestivum L.) with other model species we identified ten genes that are putative plant defense-related (R) genes which includes six coiled-coil nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat (CNL), three nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat (NL) and a leucine-rich receptor-like repeat (RLP) encoding proteins. This study will lay a foundation for further cloning of Pm57, and benefit the understanding of interactions between resistance genes of wheat and powdery mildew pathogens.

scholarly journals Introgression of the Powdery Mildew Resistance Genes Pm60 and Pm60b from Triticum urartu to Common Wheat Using Durum as a ‘Bridge’

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Yinghui Li ◽  
Yiwen Li ◽  
Tzion Fahima ◽  
Qian-Hua Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Introgression Lines ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Triticum Urartu ◽  
Mildew Resistance

Powdery mildew, caused by the fungus Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), has limited wheat yields in many major wheat-production areas across the world. Introducing resistance genes from wild relatives into cultivated wheat can enrich the genetic resources for disease resistance breeding. The powdery mildew resistance gene Pm60 was first identified in diploid wild wheat Triticum urartu (T. urartu). In this study, we used durum as a ‘bridge’ approach to transfer Pm60 and Pm60b into hexaploid common wheat. Synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW, AABBAuAu), developed by crossing T. urartu (AuAu) with durum (AABB), was used for crossing and backcrossing with common wheat. The Pm60 alleles were tracked by molecular markers and the resistance to powdery mildew. From BC1F1 backcross populations, eight recombinant types were identified based on five Pm60-flanking markers, which indicated different sizes of the introgressed chromosome segments from T. urartu. Moreover, we have selected two resistance-harboring introgression lines with high self-fertility, which could be easily used in wheat breeding system. Our results showed that the durum was an excellent ‘bridge’ for introducing the target gene from diploid T. urartu into the hexaploid cultivated wheat. Moreover, these introgression lines could be deployed in wheat resistance breeding programs, together with the assistance of the molecular markers for Pm60 alleles.

Identification of AFLP markers closely linked to the powdery mildew resistance genes Pm1c and Pm4a in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Genome ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenz Hartl ◽  
Volker Mohler ◽  
Friedrich J Zeller ◽  
Sai LK Hsam ◽  
Günther Schweizer
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Aflp Analysis ◽  
Mildew Resistance

A total of 7654 DNA fragments were screened for linkage to wheat powdery mildew resistance gene Pm1c employing fluorescently based AFLP analysis and phenotypic pools from F3 families. F3 and derived F4 families were used for segregation analysis. Pool screening revealed several cosegregating and tightly linked (0.9 cM) AFLP markers for the Pm1c resistance gene. The previously reported RFLP locus Xwhs178 was integrated into the AFLP map in the vicinity of Pm1c. One AFLP marker, 18M2, was determined to be highly specific for the Pm1c gene in diverse genetic backgrounds. As Pm1c allele confers an effective resistance to powdery mildew, the marker 18M2 provides a valuable tool for enhancing marker assisted selection and pyramiding of powdery mildew resistance genes in wheat.Key words: Triticum aestivum, powdery mildew, disease resistance, AFLP, bulked segregant analysis

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of a Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene in Wheat Cultivar Suwon 92

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 496-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
X.-Y. Xu ◽  
G.-H. Bai ◽  
B. F. Carver ◽  
G. E. Shaner ◽  
R. M. Hunger
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene ◽  
Gene Markers ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Ril Population

Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp tritici, is an important foliar disease of wheat worldwide. Pyramiding race-specific genes into a single cultivar and combining race-specific resistance genes with durable resistance genes are the preferred strategies to improve the durability of powdery mildew resistance. The objectives of this study were to characterize a powdery mildew resistance gene in Suwon 92 and identify gene-specific or tightly linked molecular markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS). A population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was derived by single seed descent from a cross between Suwon 92 and a susceptible cultivar, CI 13227. The RILs were screened for adult-plant infection type of powdery mildew and characterized with amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The linked markers explained 41.3 to 69.2% of the phenotypic variances measured in 2 years. A morphological marker, hairy glume, was also associated with powdery mildew resistance in Suwon 92, and explained 43 to 51% of the phenotypic variance. The powdery mildew resistance gene in Suwon 92 was located on the short arm of chromosome 1A where Pm3 was located. Two gene-specific markers were developed based on the sequence of the cloned Pm3b gene. These two markers, which were mapped at the same locus in the peak region of the LOD score for the RIL population, explained most of the phenotypic variance for powdery mildew resistance in the RIL population. The powdery mildew resistance in Suwon 92 is most likely conditioned by the Pm3 locus. The gene markers developed herein can be directly used for MAS of some of the Pm3 alleles in breeding programs.

scholarly journals Physical Mapping of Pm57, a Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene Derived from Aegilops searsii

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenjie Dong ◽  
Xiubin Tian ◽  
Chao Ma ◽  
Qing Xia ◽  
Beilin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Binding Site ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Nucleotide Binding ◽  
Nucleotide Binding Site ◽  
Leucine Rich Repeat ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene ◽  
Mildew Resistance

Powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt) is one of many severe diseases that threaten bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield and quality worldwide. The discovery and deployment of powdery mildew resistance genes (Pm) can prevent this disease epidemic in wheat. In a previous study, we transferred the powdery mildew resistance gene Pm57 from Aegilops searsii into common wheat and cytogenetically mapped the gene in a chromosome region with the fraction length (FL) 0.75–0.87, which represents 12% segment of the long arm of chromosome 2Ss#1. In this study, we performed RNA-seq using RNA extracted from leaf samples of three infected and mock-infected wheat-Ae. searsii 2Ss#1 introgression lines at 0, 12, 24, and 48 h after inoculation with Bgt isolates. Then we designed 79 molecular markers based on transcriptome sequences and physically mapped them to Ae. searsii chromosome 2Ss#1- in seven intervals. We used these markers to identify 46 wheat-Ae. searsii 2Ss#1 recombinants induced by ph1b, a deletion mutant of pairing homologous (Ph) genes. After analyzing the 46 ph1b-induced 2Ss#1L recombinants in the region where Pm57 is located with different Bgt-responses, we physically mapped Pm57 gene on the long arm of 2Ss#1 in a 5.13 Mb genomic region, which was flanked by markers X67593 (773.72 Mb) and X62492 (778.85 Mb). By comparative synteny analysis of the corresponding region on chromosome 2B in Chinese Spring (T. aestivum L.) with other model species, we identified ten genes that are putative plant defense-related (R) genes which includes six coiled-coil nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat (CNL), three nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat (NL) and a leucine-rich receptor-like repeat (RLP) encoding proteins. This study will lay a foundation for cloning of Pm57, and benefit the understanding of interactions between resistance genes of wheat and powdery mildew pathogens.

Microsatellite markers linked to 2 powdery mildew resistance genes introgressed from Triticum carthlicum accession PS5 into common wheat

Genome ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhendong Zhu ◽  
Ronghua Zhou ◽  
Xiuying Kong ◽  
Yuchen Dong ◽  
Jizeng Jia
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Wheat Chromosome ◽  
The Other ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene ◽  
Mildew Resistance

Two dominant powdery mildew resistance genes introduced from Triticum carthlicum accession PS5 to common wheat were identified and tagged using microsatellite markers. The gene designated PmPS5A was placed on wheat chromosome 2AL and linked to the microsatellite marker Xgwm356 at a genetic distance of 10.2 cM. Based on the information of its origin, chromosome location, and reactions to 5 powdery mildew isolates, this gene could be a member of the complex Pm4 locus. The 2nd gene designated PmPS5B was located on wheat chromosome 2BL with 3 microsatellite markers mapping proximally to the gene: Xwmc317 at 1.1 cM; Xgwm111 at 2.2 cM; and Xgwm382 at 4.0 cM; and 1 marker, Xgwm526, mapping distally to the gene at a distance of 18.1 cM. Since this gene showed no linkage to the other 2 known powdery mildew resistance genes on wheat chromosome 2B, Pm6 and Pm26, we believe it is a novel powdery mildew resistance gene and propose to designate this gene as Pm33.Key words: powdery mildew, resistance gene, microsatellite, Triticum carthlicum, wheat.

Molecular Mapping of Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene MlWE18 in Wheat Originated from Wild Emmer (Triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides)

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 1791-1797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun HAN ◽  
Lian-Song ZHANG ◽  
Gen-Qiao LI ◽  
Hong-Tao ZHANG ◽  
Chao-Jie XIE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Molecular Mapping ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Wild Emmer ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene ◽  
Mildew Resistance
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