scholarly journals Aggressiveness to Mature Maize Plants of Fusarium Strains Differing in Ability to Produce Fumonisin

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (7) ◽  
pp. 690-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas J. Jardine ◽  
John F. Leslie
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Moniliforme ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Lesion Length ◽  
Stalk Rot ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fusarium Thapsinum

Four strains each of Fusarium moniliforme (syn. Fusarium verticillioides) and Fusarium thapsinum were tested for aggressiveness toward two maize inbred lines grown under greenhouse conditions. All strains induced significantly longer stalk lesions than those observed in the controls. Mean lesion length resulting from inoculation with strains of F. moniliforme was longer than the mean lesion length resulting from inoculation with strains of F. thapsinum. Within each species, however, there was a broad range of lesion lengths observed, and all tested strains of both species probably should be regarded as potential pathogens of maize. No isolate × inbred interaction was detected. Fumonisins may play a role in aggressiveness, but under our conditions, stalk rot and the ability to produce fumonisins in vitro were not correlated.

scholarly journals Differences in Ear Rot Resistance and Fusarium verticillioides-Produced Fumonisin Contamination Between Polish Currently and Historically Used Maize Inbred Lines

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Czembor ◽  
Agnieszka Waśkiewicz ◽  
Urszula Piechota ◽  
Marta Puchta ◽  
Jerzy H. Czembor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines

scholarly journals Genetic Testing of Inbred Lines and Single Cross Hybrids against Fusarium Stalk Rot Caused by Fusarium moniliforme in Maize (Zea mays L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 352-361
Author(s):  
R. Archana H. C. Lohithaswa ◽  
R. Pavan B. N. Swathi ◽  
N. Mallikarjuna
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Fusarium Moniliforme ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Disease Score ◽  
Stalk Rot ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

Globally, Maize (Zea mays L.) is a third major cereal food crop. It is a multipurpose crop with 26% of its production is used as food by human beings. Maize is known as “queen of cereals”, because of its high genetic yield potential, efficient utilization of radiant energy and wider adaptability. About 65 different phytopathogens affect the maize production in different stages of life cycle. Among which Fusarium moniliforme is one such soil borne pathogen causes Fusarium stalk rot (FSR) disease that ultimately reduces maize yield potential over the world. In any breeding program, screening and genetic testing of available germplasm resources against pathogens is necessary to prevent yield losses. Hence, the present research screened around 114 maize inbred lines and 45 single cross hybrids (SCHs) against FSR under artificial epiphytotic conditions. Among 114 inbreds, only four inbreds viz., CM 202, 10878, MAI-759 and MAI-766 (mean disease score of 3-4) showed moderately resistant reaction and out of 45 SCHs, only one hybrid combination i.e., MAI329 × CM202 (mean disease score was 2.60) exhibited resistance reaction against Fusarium stalk rot. Nevertheless, these resistance sources could be utilized in maize breeding programs for obtaining high yielding cultivars with resistance towards FSR disease.

Development of an inoculation technique for rapidly evaluating maize inbred lines for resistance to stalk rot caused by Fusarium spp. in the field

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanyi Jiang ◽  
Wenbo Han ◽  
Ruiting Wang ◽  
Yonggang Li ◽  
Guanghui Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Maize Line ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Stalk Rot ◽  
Inoculation Technique ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Inbred Maize Line ◽  
Continuous Injection ◽  
Simple Sequence

Maize (Zea mays L.) stalk rot, caused primarily by the soil-borne fungal pathogen Fusarium spp., reduces maize quality and yield worldwide. This study was undertaken to develop and utilize a rapid continuous injection inoculation technique to evaluate maize inbred lines for resistance to Fusarium spp. under field conditions, which could facilitate the identification and development of new sources of host resistance to manage the disease. Continuous injection inoculation is a rapid, stable, and simple method that can evaluate the resistance of maize inbred lines to Fusarium stalk rot (FSR) within 20 days. To verify the feasibility and reliability of inoculation method, Fusarium graminearum, F. proliferatum, and F. subglutinans were isolated, identified, and inoculated into maize at the six-leaf stage (V6) by a veterinary adjustable bottle continuous vaccination syringe. Our results showed that out of a total of 97 inbred maize lines, six (6.2%) showed high resistance to maize stalk rot, 20 showed resistance (20.6%), 32 were susceptible (33.0%), and 39 were very susceptible (40.2%). Based on simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, an analysis of molecular variance indicated a significant correlation between population of the inbred maize line and resistance to FSR (P = 0.001). Overall, this study provided a systematic, rapid, stable, and simple identification method for maize inbred lines resistant to FSR in the field. At the same time, this method was also suitable for genetic diversity analysis of maize inbred lines resistant to FSR.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Maize Inbred Lines for Resistance to Fusarium Ear Rot and Fumonisin Accumulation in Grain in Tropical Africa

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Afolabi ◽  
P. S. Ojiambo ◽  
E. J. A. Ekpo ◽  
A. Menkir ◽  
R. Bandyopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Artificial Inoculation ◽  
Fusarium Ear Rot ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Resistant Lines

Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination is a major problem facing maize growers worldwide, and host resistance is the most effective strategy to control the disease, but resistant genotypes have not been identified. In 2003, a total of 103 maize inbred lines were evaluated for Fusarium ear rot caused by Fusarium verticillioides in field trials in Ikenne and Ibadan, Nigeria. Disease was initiated from natural infection in the Ikenne trial and from artificial inoculation in the Ibadan trial. Ear rot severity ranged from 1.0 to 6.0 in both locations in 2003. Fifty-two inbred lines with disease severity ≤3 (i.e., ≤ 10% visible symptoms on ears) were selected and reevaluated in 2004 for ear rot resistance, incidence of discolored kernels, and fumonisin contamination in grain. At both locations, ear rot severity on the selected lines was significantly (P < 0.0020) higher in 2004 than in 2003. The effects of selected inbred lines on disease severity were highly significant at Ikenne (P = 0.0072) and Ibadan (P < 0.0001) in 2004. Inbred lines did not affect incidence of discolored kernels at both locations and across years except at Ikenne (P = 0.0002) in 2004. Similarly, significant effects of inbred lines on fumonisin concentration were observed only at Ikenne (P = 0.0201) in 2004. However, inbred lines 02C14585, 02C14593, 02C14603, 02C14606, 02C14624, and 02C14683 had consistently low disease severity across years and locations. Fumonisin concentration was significantly correlated with ear rot only at Ikenne (R = 0.42, P < 0.0001). Correlation between fumonisin concentration and incidence of discolored kernels was also significant at Ikenne (R = 0.39, P < 0.0001) and Ibadan (R = 0.35, P = 0.0007). At both locations, no significant inbred × year interaction was observed for fumonisin concentration. Five inbred lines, namely 02C14585, 02C14603, 02C14606, 02C14624, and 02C14683, consistently had the lowest fumonisin concentration in both trials. Two of these inbred lines, 02C14624 and 02C14585, had fumonisin levels <5.0 μg/g across years in trials where disease was initiated from both natural infection and artificial inoculation. These lines that had consistently low disease severity are useful for breeding programs to develop fumonisin resistant lines.

Morphogenesis in vitro in maize inbred lines from the Lancaster heterotic group

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. V. Derkach ◽  
O. E. Abraimova ◽  
T. M. Satarova
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Heterotic Group ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Morphogenesis In Vitro

scholarly journals Response of Sweet Sorghum Lines to Stalk Pathogens Fusarium thapsinum and Macrophomina phaseolina

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 896-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deanna L. Funnell-Harris ◽  
Patrick M. O’Neill ◽  
Scott E. Sattler ◽  
Melinda K. Yerka
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Lesion Length ◽  
Lesion Development ◽  
Stalk Rot ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Fusarium Thapsinum ◽  
Biochemical Analyses ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) has potential for bioenergy. It is adapted to a variety of U.S. locations and the extracted juice can be directly fermented into ethanol. However, little research on fungal stalk rots, diseases that pose serious constraints for yield and quality of juice and biomass, has been reported. A greenhouse bioassay was designed to assess charcoal rot (Macrophomina phaseolina) and Fusarium stalk rot (Fusarium thapsinum) in plants at maturity, the developmental stage at which these diseases are manifested. Multiple plantings of a susceptible grain line, RTx430, were used as a control for variation in flowering times among sweet sorghum lines. Lesion length measurements in inoculated peduncles were used to quantify disease severity. Sweet sorghum lines ‘Rio’ and ‘M81E’ exhibited resistance to F. thapsinum and M. phaseolina, respectively; and, in contrast, ‘Colman’ sorghum exhibited susceptibility to both pathogens. Lesion development over time in Colman was monitored. These results will enhance molecular and biochemical analyses of responses to pathogens, and breeding stalk-rot-resistant sweet sorghum lines.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility and Molecular Characterization of Clinical Isolates of Fusarium verticillioides (F. moniliforme) and Fusarium thapsinum

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 2228-2231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Azor ◽  
Josepa Gené ◽  
Josep Cano ◽  
Deanna A. Sutton ◽  
Annette W. Fothergill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Drug ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Fusarium Thapsinum ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility

ABSTRACT A microdilution method was used to test 11 antifungal drugs against clinical isolates of Fusarium thapsinum and three different phylogenetic clades of Fusarium verticillioides that were characterized by sequencing a region of the β-tubulin gene. Terbinafine was the most-active drug against both species, followed by posaconazole against F. verticillioides.

scholarly journals Multi-environment Evaluation of Maize Inbred Lines for Resistance to Fusarium Ear Rot and Fumonisins

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (10) ◽  
pp. 2134-2144 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Rose ◽  
M. Mouton ◽  
I. Beukes ◽  
B. C. Flett ◽  
C. van der Vyver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Fusarium Ear Rot ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Target Dna ◽  
Local Breeding

Fusarium verticillioides causes Fusarium ear rot (FER) of maize and produces fumonisins, which affects grain quality. Host-plant resistance can reduce both FER and fumonisins in maize. In this study, 18 maize inbred lines were evaluated for resistance to F. verticillioides and fumonisin accumulation at five localities in South Africa. Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction analyses revealed significant environment × genotype interactions, with inbred lines CML 390, US 2540W, RO 424W, and VO 617y-2 consistently exhibiting low FER severity (≤5.4%), fungal target DNA (≤0.1 ng μl−1), and fumonisin levels (≤5.6 ppm). Genotype main effect and genotype × environment biplots showed that inbred lines CML 390, US 2540W, and RO 424W were most resistant to FER, fungal colonization, and fumonisin accumulation, respectively, while inbred line RO 424W was most stable in its resistance response over environments. These inbred lines also demonstrated broad adaptability by consistently exhibiting resistance to FER, fungal colonization, and fumonisins across localities. The identified lines could serve as valuable sources of resistance against F. verticillioides and its fumonisins in local breeding programs.

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