scholarly journals A New Phytophthora sp. Causing a Basal Canker on Beech in Italy

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (8) ◽  
pp. 1005-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Motta ◽  
T. Annesi ◽  
A. Pane ◽  
D. E. L. Cooke ◽  
S. O. Cacciola
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Phytophthora Species ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Reference Isolate ◽  
European Chestnut ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Basal Portion ◽  
A New Species

In autumn 2001, bleeding cankers were observed on the basal portion of the trunk of a declining tree in a forest stand of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in Latium (central Italy). A Phytophthora sp. was isolated consistently from infected trunk bark using whole apples as bait. Isolations were made from brown lesions that developed in the apple pulp around the inserted bark pieces. Pure cultures were obtained by using hyphal tip transfers. Colonies were stellate on V8 juice agar (V8A), uniform to slightly radiate on cornmeal agar, and cottony, without a distinct growth pattern on potato dextrose agar (PDA). On V8A, radial growth rates were 2.1, 4.8, and 4.5 mm/day at 10, 15, and 20°C, respectively. Colonies grew slowly at 5 and 25°C, but failed to grow at 30°C. On PDA, growth was 1.7 and 1.4 mm/day at 15 and 20°C, respectively. Catenulate hyphal swellings formed on solid and liquid media. Sporangia formed abundantly at 15°C, were ovoid to obpyriform, semipapillate, occasionally bipapillate, and had narrow exit pores (mean diameter = 5.4 μm). On V8A, pores were 40 to 50 μm in length and 25 to 40 μm in breadth. Isolates were homothallic with paragynous antheridia, oogonia were spherical with diameters from 32 to 35 μm, and oospores were plerotic with diameters from 20 to 30 μm. Electrophoretic banding patterns of mycelial proteins and isozymes (alkaline phospatase, esterase, glucose-6-phospate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, and superoxide dismutase) of beech isolates were distinct from those of reference isolates of semipapillate Phytophthora species, including P. citricola, P. hibernalis, P. ilicis (IMI 158964), P. psychrophila (CBS 803.95), and P. syringae from citrus fruits, whose identification had been confirmed on the basis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns and sequences. Conversely, the electrophoretic phenotype and the ITS-RFLP pattern (and sequence) of the beech isolates were identical to those of a reference isolate (Ph24) from Quercus cerris, which was originally identified as P. syringae on the basis of morphological and cultural characters (1). However, the isolate Ph24 has been reexamined, and morphological and cultural characteristics as well as the ITS sequence would indicate that this isolate is a new species not yet formally described, for which the name P. pseudosyringae has been suggested (2). The pathogenicity of a beech isolate (IMI 390500) was compared to that of an Italian P. cambivora isolate from European chestnut by inoculating the stems of 16-month-old beech seedlings (10 replicates), which were placed at 18°C with a 12-h photoperiod. The beech isolate produced lesions averaging 2 cm long after 2 months, while those produced by the P. cambivora isolate averaged 3 cm. Control seedlings inoculated with sterile agar did not develop symptoms. The pathogen was reisolated from lesions to fulfil Koch's postulates. To our knowledge, this is the first report of this new Phytophthora sp. on beech in Italy. Conversely, the same species has been reported to be associated with decline of oak stands (1). References: (1) G. P. Barzanti et al. Phytopathol. Mediterr. 40:149, 2001. (2) T. Jung et al. Phytophthora pseudosyringae sp. nov., a new species causing root and collar rot of deciduous tree species in Europe. Mycol. Res. (In press).

scholarly journals Phytophthora mediterranea sp. nov., a New Species Closely Related to Phytophthora cinnamomi from Nursery Plants of Myrtus communis in Italy

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 682
Author(s):  
Carlo Bregant ◽  
Antonio A. Mulas ◽  
Giovanni Rossetto ◽  
Antonio Deidda ◽  
Lucia Maddau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Phytophthora Species ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Forest Nurseries ◽  
Collar And Root Rot ◽  
A New Species

Monitoring surveys of Phytophthora related diseases in four forest nurseries in Italy revealed the occurrence of fourteen Phytophthora species to be associated with collar and root rot on fourteen plants typical of Mediterranean and alpine regions. In addition, a multilocus phylogeny analysis based on nuclear ITS and ß-tubulin and mitochondrial cox1 sequences, as well as micromorphological features, supported the description of a new species belonging to the phylogenetic clade 7c, Phytophthora mediterranea sp. nov. Phytophthora mediterranea was shown to be associated with collar and root rot symptoms on myrtle seedlings. Phylogenetically, P. mediterranea is closely related to P. cinnamomi but the two species differ in 87 nucleotides in the three studied DNA regions. Morphologically P. mediterranea can be easily distinguished from P. cinnamomi on the basis of its smaller sporangia, colony growth pattern and higher optimum and maximum temperature values. Data from the pathogenicity test showed that P. mediterranea has the potential to threaten the native Mediterranean maquis vegetation. Finally, the discovery of P. cinnamomi in alpine nurseries, confirms the progressive expansion of this species towards cold environments, probably driven by climate change.

A new species of Erythrogonia Melichar, 1926 (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellini) from the Mantiqueira mountain range, southeastern Brazil, associated with olive orchards

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4996 (2) ◽  
pp. 374-382
Author(s):  
JOYCE A. FROZA ◽  
VICTOR QUINTAS ◽  
GABRIEL MEJDALANI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Costal Margin ◽  
Abdominal Sternite ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Sternite Viii ◽  
Basal Portion ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the diverse Neotropical sharpshooter genus Erythrogonia Melichar, 1926 is described and illustrated from the Mantiqueira mountain range, municipality of Maria da Fé, state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. The new taxon is associated with olive orchards and has been implicated as a vector of the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al., 1987, which causes a disease known in Brazil as olive leaf scorch syndrome. Erythrogonia sinvali sp. nov. can be distinguished from the other 90 known species of the genus by the following combination of features: (1) crown black without conspicuous contrasting spots; (2) frons with large yellow median spot; (3) pronotum black with large yellow area covering most of disk; (4) forewing dark red, without contrasting spots or stripes, costal margin narrowly black, apical portion dark brown; (5) aedeagus elongate, curved dorsally, with pair of spiniform apical processes; (6) paraphyses greatly reduced; (7) basal portion of male anal tube with pair of spiniform curved processes; (8) posterior margin of female abdominal sternite VII broadly emarginate and with broad central lobe; (9) female sternite VIII with sclerotized areas, including a transverse bar located at bases of ovipositor valvulae I, followed by a pair of elongate sclerites and a posterior bilobed sclerite. Both males and females of the new species are described in detail. A putative group of five species within Erythrogonia is preliminarily proposed, including the new taxon, E. separata Melichar, 1926, E. dorsalis (Signoret, 1853), E. calva (Taschenberg, 1884), and E. melichari Schmidt, 1928. Among these species, the male terminalia of E. sinvali sp. nov. are more similar to those of E. separata.  

A new species of Protonemura (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from China and new images of three other species of the genus

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4802 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-260
Author(s):  
MENG-YUAN ZHAO ◽  
YU-ZHOU DU
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Southwestern China ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Outer Lobe ◽  
Basal Portion ◽  
A New Species

A new nemourid species, Protonemura longispina sp. nov. from Sichuan Province of southwestern China is described. The outer lobe of the paraprocts with numerous long spines and the basal portion divided into two lobes, distinguishes the new species from all congeners. New images of three other species, P. bidigitata Du & Wang, P. biintrans Li & Yang, and P. macrodactyla Du & Zhou are given. Additionally, a key to the adult males of Protonemura known from China is provided. 

Morphological and electrophoretic evidence for a new species ofElectrogenafrom central Italy: Description ofE. lunarissp. n. (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae)

1997 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Belfiore ◽  
Giovanni Scillitani ◽  
Orfeo Picariello ◽  
Adriana Cataudo
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
A New Species

A new Werauhia (Tillandsioideae, Bromeliaceae) from Mexico with observations about its reproductive biology

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 446 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
PEDRO A. AGUILAR-RODRÍGUEZ ◽  
PEDRO DÍAZ JIMÉNEZ ◽  
ADOLFO ESPEJO-SERNA ◽  
ANA ROSA LÓPEZ-FERRARI ◽  
HEIKO HENTRICH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Large Tank ◽  
Basal Portion ◽  
A New Species

Werauhia maculata a new species from Tabasco, Mexico is described and illustrated. The new taxon possesses a large tank-rosette, with conspicuous and irregularly disposed dark purple marks on the basal portion of the leaves abaxial surface, a simple inflorescence, with secund and numerous whitish-flowers densely arranged on the rachis. The new taxon is compared with W. pectinata and W. noctiflorens, species with similar characteristics. In addition, some data about its reproductive biology are presented.

Phytophthora pseudosyringae sp. nov., a new species causing root and collar rot of deciduous tree species in Europe

2003 ◽  
Vol 107 (7) ◽  
pp. 772-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Jung ◽  
Jan Nechwatal ◽  
David E.L. Cooke ◽  
Günther Hartmann ◽  
Markus Blaschke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Collar Rot ◽  
A New Species

Orobanche apuana (Orobanchaceae) a new species endemic to Italy

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 207 (2) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianniantonio Domina ◽  
Adriano Soldano
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
The Other ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Apuan Alps

Orobanche apuana, a new species belonging to Orobanche sect. Orobanche, is described and illustrated from the Apuan Alps, Central Italy. Its relationships with the other species of the group of O. caryophyllacea (O. grex Galeatae) and with other Orobanche that parasitize Santolina species are examined. The names Boulardia latisquama, Orobanche lutea and O. teucrii are here lectotypified.

On Enterobius vermicularis (Linnaeus, 1758) and Some Related Species from Primates and Rodent.

1950 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Sandosham
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
First Record ◽  
Negative Findings ◽  
Recent Collection ◽  
Basal Portion ◽  
First Time ◽  
Postmortem Examinations ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Unknown Male

The value of the hanging-drop technique as used by Professor Buckley for the examination of the different views of the tip of tail and head of small nematodes is stressed. The spicules of various species of Enterobius have been examined with polarized light and the significance of the basal portion of the spicules is discussed.E. vermicularis is recorded for the first time from the Chimpanzee(Anthropopithecus troglodytes), the Lar Gibbon of Malaya (Hylobates lar) and the Silky or Lion Marmoset (Leontocebus rosalia) all of which had been in the London Zoological Gardens for varying periods.The hitherto unķnown male of E. anthropopitheci is described and the female is redescribed.A new species, E. buckleyi from the Orang Utan(Pongo pygmaeus) is described.A new species, E. lerouxi from the Gorilla(Gorilla gorilla) is described. This is the first record of an Enterobius from this host.E. bipapillatus is described and recorded for the first time from the Guenon Monkey(Cercopithecus aethiops) from S. Rhodesia.A new species, E. brevicauda is described from the Chacma Baboon(Papio porcarius) from S. Rhodesia. This is the first record of an Enterobius from this host.Negative findings for Enterobius are recorded from ten postmortem examinations and fourteen NIH swab examinations of Rhesus Monkeys(Macaca mulata).A new species, E. interlabiata is described from the Feline Douroucouli(Aotus felinus) from S. America. This is the first record of an Enterobius from this host.In view of the criticism of Kreis (1932) the type and paratype material of E. atelis, E. lagothricis and E. duplicidens and some more recent collection of E. lagothricis have been re-examined and the findings of Cameron (1929) and Buckley (1981) confirmed.

scholarly journals SPIROCHÆTA HEBDOMADIS, THE CAUSATIVE AGENT OF SEVEN DAY FEVER (NANUKAYAMI)

1918 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaka Ido ◽  
Hiroshi Ito ◽  
Hidetsune Wani
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Etiological Agent ◽  
Field Mouse ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Field Mice ◽  
A New Species

A new species of spirochete which we have called Spirochæta hebdomadis has been described as the specific etiological agent of seven day fever, a disease prevailing in the autumn in Fukuoka and other parts of Japan. This spirochete is distinguishable from Spirochæta icterohæmorrhagiæ to which it presents certain similarities. Young guinea pigs are susceptible to inoculation with the blood of patients and to pure cultures of the spirochete, and those developing infection exhibit definite symptoms suggestive of those of seven day fever in man. The blood serum of convalescents from seven day fever contains specific immune bodies acting spirochetolytically and spirocheticidally against the specific spirochetes, but not against Spirochæta icterohæmorrhagiæ. The field mouse (Microtus montebelli) is the normal host of the spirochetes, which have been detected in the kidneys and urine of 3.3 per cent of the animals examined. The endemic area of prevalence of seven day fever corresponds with the region in which field mice abound.

scholarly journals A new species of Simulium (Simulium) (Diptera: Simuliidae), with keys to S. striatum species-group from India

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 13573-13578
Author(s):  
Sankarappan Anbalagan ◽  
Suruliyandi Vijayan ◽  
Chellapandian Balachandran ◽  
Sundaram Dinakaran
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Maxillary Palp ◽  
Male Larva ◽  
Basal Portion ◽  
A New Species

Simulium (Simulium) yanaense sp. nov. is described based on the male, larva, and pupa.  It is characterized by having a maxillary palp with a small sensory vesicle, and the subcosta and basal portion of the radius bare in the male; the gill with 10 short slender filaments and short common basal stalk in the pupa; and the thorax and abdomen without a pair of dorsolateral protuberances in the larva.  Keys are provided to the species of the S. striatum species group of the subgenus Simulium known from India. 

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