scholarly journals Expression of Tyrosine Hydroxylase in the Anterior Lobe of the Human Pituitary Gland: A Possible Local Autocrine/Paracrine Role in the Regulation of Pituitary Hormone Secretion

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos D'Assumpcao ◽  
Claudia Carranza ◽  
Joseph Banno ◽  
György Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Hydroxylase ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Pituitary Hormone ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Human Pituitary Gland

THE LIPID-MOBILIZING EFFECT OF SOME PITUITARY GLAND PREPARATIONS

1967 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 626-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olav Trygstad
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Serum Calcium Level ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Pituitary Hormone ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Human Pituitary Gland ◽  
Gland Extract

ABSTRACT Lipid-mobilizing effect has been observed for nearly all the accepted pituitary hormones and for several suggested pituitary 'lipotrophins'. Pituitary hormone preparations are usually not homogeneous, and even a highly purified ACTH (p.ACTH) contains less than 30 per cent pure adrenocorticotrophin. Crude ACTH (c.ACTH) was found to be 250 times more adipokinetic in rabbits than p.ACTH, indicating that this effect was mainly due to impurities. A lipid-mobilizing fraction (LMFr) was precipitated from a human pituitary gland extract before the preparation of growth hormone and crude gonadotrophins, whereby the adipokinetic effect of these preparations in the rabbit became negligible. Removal of LMFr gave an electrophoretically purified growth hormone with reduced molecular weight and an increased somatotrophic potency per unit weight in a radioimmunoassay system. Injection of the lipotrophic preparations into rabbits lowered the serum calcium level, and concentrations below 3 meq./l were observed, often accompanied by convulsions and in some instances by death. It is concluded that the adipokinetic and hypocalcaemic effects of c.ACTH, p.ACTH and the employed human growth hormone preparations in rabbits may be due to contaminations. It is suggested that the LMFr contains a human pituitary lipotrophic factor which may also be responsible for the hypocalcaemia observed in the rabbit.

THE PATHOGENESIS OF POST-PARTUM NECROSIS OF THE ANTERIOR LOBE OF THE PITUITARY GLAND

1961 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. L. Sheehan ◽  
J. P. Stanfield
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Blood Supply ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Pars Tuberalis ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Human Pituitary Gland ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Secondary Phenomenon

ABSTRACT From a histological study of the lesions which develop in the vessels of the human pituitary gland during the first two days after the onset of post-partum necrosis of the anterior lobe, it is concluded that the primary vascular disturbance is a spasm involving the arteries which supply the anterior lobe and the stalk. This arrests the portal blood supply and also the direct arterial blood supply to the lobe, but permits a slight circulation to continue in the stalk. If the spasm is relieved within about an hour the parenchyma suffers only a transient functional damage. If it continues for several hours all the tissues in the anterior lobe are killed and, when blood finally attempts to flow into the dead vessels, stasis and thrombosis occurs. This thrombosis is a secondary phenomenon and is not the cause of the necrosis. Variations in the extent and the duration of the spasm account for the variations in the size of the necrosis; in about half the cases the lesion involves 97 to 99 per cent of the anterior lobe, but the pars tuberalis and a small amount of the pars interloralis always survive. The arterial spasm is certainly related to a severe general circulatory collapse at the time of delivery, but the reason for its very specific localisation to the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland remains obscure.

Cytoplasmic microfilaments in the anterior lobe of the human pituitary gland

1974 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kovacs ◽  
E. Horvath ◽  
I.E. Stratmann ◽  
C. Ezrin
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Human Pituitary Gland

Oncocytes in the anterior lobe of the human pituitary gland

1974 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kovacs ◽  
E. Horvath ◽  
J. M. Bilbao
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Human Pituitary Gland

EXTENT OF THE INFARCT IN THE ANTERIOR LOBE OF THE HUMAN PITUITARY GLAND AFTER STALK SECTION

The Lancet ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 271 (7030) ◽  
pp. 1101-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.M. Daniel ◽  
MarjorieM.L. Prichard ◽  
P.H. Schurr
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Human Pituitary Gland

Prostaglandin D2 stimulates secretion of luteinizing hormone from pituitary gland in vitro

1983 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Miyake ◽  
Keiichi Tasaka ◽  
Shintaro Mori ◽  
Youichi Saito ◽  
Toshihiro Aono
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Prostaglandin D2 ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone Secretion ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Human Pituitary Gland ◽  
Human Reproductive

Abstract. The effect of prostaglandin D2 on the release of luteinizing hormone was studied in a superfusion system by superfusing human pituitary gland. Perfusion with 30 μg of prostaglandin D2 induced a significant increase of luteinizing hormone secretion. This is the first evidence of a direct effect of prostaglandin D2 on the secretion of luteinizing hormone from the human pituitary gland. This finding suggests the possible role of prostaglandin D2 in human reproductive function

Demonstration of desacetyl α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in fetal and adult human anterior pituitary corticotrophs

1989 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Coates ◽  
I. Doniach ◽  
J. M. P. Holly ◽  
L. H. Rees
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Pars Intermedia ◽  
Intermediate Lobe ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Human Pituitary Gland ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Pars Anterior ◽  
Human Anterior Pituitary

ABSTRACT Immunocytochemistry, radioimmunoassay and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques have been used in combination to investigate the presence of immunoreactive (ir)-α-MSH in the normal human pituitary gland, and to investigate the possible origin of these cells from the fetal pars intermedia. Two separate antisera to α-MSH were employed in immunocytochemistry to distinguish between authentic α-MSH and the desacetyl form. Only desacetyl α-MSH was detected in the pituitary gland of fetal and adult man, in both the pars (zona) intermedia and the pars anterior. In the fetus, a large proportion of the ACTH-containing cells of the anterior lobe also contained ir-α-MSH, while ir-α-MSH containing cells were more sparse in adults. Radioimmunoassay of acid extracts of adult pituitary tissue showed α-MSH levels representing less than 0·05% of the ACTH content of the gland. HPLC analysis of these extracts confirmed that only the desacetyl form was present. These results suggest that α-MSH peptides are synthesized by anterior lobe cells of the human pituitary gland, which are not derived from the fetal pars intermedia. Possible regulatory mechanisms affecting cells which contain ir-α-MSH are discussed, and by comparison with the intermediate lobe of other species it is concluded that there is little evidence for a true intermediate lobe in the human pituitary gland. Journal of Endocrinology (1989) 120, 525–530

The corticotrophic cells of the canine pituitary gland in pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism

1983 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. McNicol ◽  
H. Thomson ◽  
C. J. R. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Cushing’S Disease ◽  
Cushing's Disease ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Human Pituitary Gland ◽  
Single Entity ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Corticotrophic Cells

The distribution of specifically stained corticotrophic cells has been studied in the pituitary glands of 11 dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. The results suggest that the disease is not a single entity, and that some cases are caused by primary abnormality of the pituitary gland whereas others appear to be the result of dysfunction of the hypothalamus or central nervous system. The patterns correspond closely to those demonstrated in the human pituitary gland in Cushing's disease, and confirm that the canine disease is a useful model for the study of the pathogenesis of the variants of the condition.

Isolation of five active thyrotropin components from human pituitary gland

1975 ◽  
Vol 379 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Roos ◽  
D.V. Dervartanian ◽  
Gunilla Jacobson ◽  
Leif Wide
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Human Pituitary Gland
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