PEEP DOES NOT AFFECT LEFT ATRIAL - RIGHT ATRIAL PRESSURE GRADIENT IN NEUROSURGICAL PATIENTS

1986 ◽  
Vol 65 (Supplement 3A) ◽  
pp. A305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zasslow ◽  
Pearl ◽  
Larson ◽  
Silverberg
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Atrial Pressure ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Right Atrial Pressure ◽  
Neurosurgical Patients

PEEP Does Not Affect Left Atrial-Right Atrial Pressure Difference in Neurosurgical Patients

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 760-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milford A. Zasslow ◽  
Ronald G. Pearl ◽  
C. Philip Larson ◽  
Gerald Silverberg ◽  
Lawrence F. Shuer
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Difference ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Atrial Pressure ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Right Atrial Pressure ◽  
Neurosurgical Patients

Atrial dynamics, atrial natriuretic factor, tachycardia, and blood volume in anesthetized rabbits

1991 ◽  
Vol 261 (1) ◽  
pp. H22-H28 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. King ◽  
J. R. Ledsome
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Factor ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Wall Stress ◽  
Atrial Pressure ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Right Atrial Pressure ◽  
Atrial Wall ◽  
Natriuretic Factor ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

The effects of tachycardia and a slow (1%/min) 20% reduction and elevation of blood volume (BV) on right atrial pressure (RAP), right atrial dimension (RAD), and plasma immunoreactive atrial natriuretic factor (IR-ANF) were examined in anesthetized rabbits. Plasma IR-ANF was significantly increased during pacing at 6 Hz in the presence of high BV but not at low BV. Mean RAP increased with expansion of BV, but this change was not associated with significant changes in IR-ANF. There were no statistically significant changes in systolic or diastolic RAD with alterations in BV or with tachycardia. Tachycardia had no effect on left atrial dimension. Diastolic right atrial wall stress (DRAS) and minute DRAS increased with a 20% increase in BV, but changes in BV did not affect systolic right atrial wall stress (SRAS) or minute SRAS. Tachycardia decreased DRAS at high BV and significantly increased SRAS and minute SRAS. The increases in SRAS and minute SRAS were greater during tachycardia at high BV, suggesting that an interaction between BV and tachycardia results in potentiation of SRAS and minute SRAS. The results suggest that systolic RAS is a significant factor in ANF release during tachycardia at high BV.

Effect of diaphragm contraction on canine heart and pericardium

1983 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 1261-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Lloyd ◽  
J. A. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Servo Control ◽  
Atrial Pressure ◽  
Left Atrial Pressure ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Right Atrial Pressure ◽  
Abdominal Pressure ◽  
Canine Heart ◽  
Pressure Changes

Pericardiophrenic attachments transmit diaphragm contraction to the pericardium. We investigated this in two ways. 1) We replaced the hearts of externally perfused dogs with a balloon from which we measured pressure changes. Diaphragm contraction increased pressure from 4.6 to 5.5 Torr, equivalent to an isobaric volume decrease of 1.5%, and decreased volumetric compliance by 3%. 2) We selectively servo controlled right atrial pressure, left atrial pressure, or cardiac output in open-chest dogs and monitored the effect of diaphragm contraction on cardiovascular and abdominal pressures, cardiac output, and the volume of blood added to or withdrawn from the circulation to achieve servo control. Diaphragm contraction decreased left atrial pressure 0.4 Torr when right atrial pressure was controlled and right atrial pressure increased 0.2 Torr while controlling left atrial pressure, but there were no significant changes in cardiac output. Atrial pressure did not change significantly when output was controlled. Servo control required removal of approximately 50 ml of blood, presumably reflecting a decreased splanchnic vascular capacity at the higher abdominal pressure. We conclude that the diaphragm may slightly tense the pericardium, but this has no important primary effect on the heart.

scholarly journals Right atrial pressure is not adequate to calculate portal pressure gradient in cirrhosis: A clinical-hemodynamic correlation study

Hepatology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 2108-2116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo La Mura ◽  
Juan G. Abraldes ◽  
Annalisa Berzigotti ◽  
Eva Erice ◽  
Alexandra Flores-Arroyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Portal Pressure ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Atrial Pressure ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Right Atrial Pressure

Development of a circulatory mock loop for biventricular device testing with various heart conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 600-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichiro Kado ◽  
Takuma Miyamoto ◽  
David J Horvath ◽  
Shengqiang Gao ◽  
Kiyotaka Fukamachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Aortic Pressure ◽  
Atrial Pressure ◽  
Left Atrial Pressure ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Right Atrial Pressure ◽  
Artery Pressure

This study aimed to evaluate a newly designed circulatory mock loop intended to model cardiac and circulatory hemodynamics for mechanical circulatory support device testing. The mock loop was built with dedicated ports suitable for attaching assist devices in various configurations. This biventricular mock loop uses two pneumatic pumps (Abiomed AB5000™, Danvers, MA, USA) driven by a dual-output driver (Thoratec Model 2600, Pleasanton, CA, USA). The drive pressures can be individually modified to simulate a healthy heart and left and/or right heart failure conditions, and variable compliance and fluid volume allow for additional customization. The loop output for a healthy heart was tested at 4.2 L/min with left and right atrial pressures of 1 and 5 mm Hg, respectively; a mean aortic pressure of 93 mm Hg; and pulmonary artery pressure of 17 mm Hg. Under conditions of left heart failure, these values were reduced to 2.1 L/min output, left atrial pressure = 28 mm Hg, right atrial pressure = 3 mm Hg, aortic pressure = 58 mm Hg, and pulmonary artery pressure = 35 mm Hg. Right heart failure resulted in the reverse balance: left atrial pressure = 0 mm Hg, right atrial pressure = 30 mm Hg, aortic pressure = 100 mm Hg, and pulmonary artery pressure = 13 mm Hg with a flow of 3.9 L/min. For biventricular heart failure, flow was decreased to 1.6 L/min, left atrial pressure = 13 mm Hg, right atrial pressure = 13 mm Hg, aortic pressure = 52 mm Hg, and pulmonary artery pressure = 18 mm Hg. This mock loop could become a reliable bench tool to simulate a range of heart failure conditions.

scholarly journals Flow-driven right-to-left cardiac shunting in a patient with carcinoid heart disease and patent foramen ovale without elevated right atrial pressure: a case report and literature review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parinita Dherange ◽  
Nelson Telles ◽  
Kalgi Modi
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Patent Foramen Ovale ◽  
Atrial Septum ◽  
Atrial Pressure ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Right Atrial Pressure ◽  
Heart Catheterization ◽  
Carcinoid Heart Disease ◽  
Foramen Ovale ◽  
Arterial Blood

Abstract Background Carcinoid heart disease is present in approximately 20% of the patients with carcinoid syndrome and is associated with poor prognosis. It usually manifests with right-sided valvular involvement including tricuspid insufficiency and pulmonary stenosis. Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is present in approximately 50% of the patients with carcinoid heart disease which is twice higher than the general population. Right-to-left shunting through a PFO can occur either due to higher right atrial pressure than left (pressure-driven) or when the venous flow is directed towards the PFO (flow-driven) in the setting of normal intracardiac pressures. We report a rare case of flow-driven right-to-left atrial shunting via PFO in a patient with carcinoid heart disease. Case summary A 54-year-old male with a metastatic neuroendocrine tumour to liver presented with progressive shortness of breath for 5 months. Patient was found to be hypoxic with oxygen saturation of 78% and examination revealed a holosystolic murmur. Arterial blood gas showed oxygen tension of 43 mmHg. A transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiogram showed aneurysmal inter-atrial septum with a PFO, severe tricuspid regurgitation directed anteriorly towards the inter-atrial septum leading to a marked right-to-left shunt. Right heart catheterization showed right atrial pressure of 8 mmHg, mean pulmonary artery pressure of 12 mmHg, and normal oxygen saturations in the right atrium, right ventricle, and pulmonary arteries. The patient then underwent closure of the PFO along with tricuspid valve and pulmonary valve replacement at an experienced cardiovascular surgical centre and has been asymptomatic since. Conclusion Right-to-left shunting through a PFO in patients with normal right atrial pressure can be successfully treated with closure of the PFO. Thus, understanding the mechanism of intracardiac shunts is important to accurately diagnose and treat this rare and fatal condition.

scholarly journals Isolated Marked Inferior Vena Cava Dilatation: Unusual Presentation or Underrecognized Common Phenomenon?

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sneha R. Gadi ◽  
Benjamin K. Ruth ◽  
Alan Johnson ◽  
Sula Mazimba ◽  
Younghoon Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Unusual Presentation ◽  
Atrial Pressure ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Right Atrial Pressure ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Right Heart

Inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter and respirophasic variation are commonly used echocardiographic indices to estimate right atrial pressure. While dilatation of the IVC and reduced collapsibility have traditionally been associated with elevated right heart filling pressures, the significance of isolated IVC dilatation in the absence of raised filling pressures remains poorly understood. We present a case of an asymptomatic 28-year-old male incidentally found to have IVC dilatation, reduced inspiratory collapse, and normal right heart pressures.

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