Comparison of Direct Blood Pressure Measurements at the Radial and Dorsalis Pedis Arteries during Sodium Nitroprusside- and Isoflurane-induced Hypotension

Abstract OBJECTIVE To evaluate the level of agreement (LOA) between direct and oscillometric blood pressure (BP) measurements and the ability of oscillometric measurements to accurately detect hypotension in anesthetized chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). ANIMALS 8 captive, adult chimpanzees. PROCEDURES During prescheduled annual examinations, each chimpanzee underwent general anesthesia and patient monitoring for their examination, echocardiography for a concurrent study, and measurement of direct BP with the use of tibial artery catheterization and oscillometry with the use of a cuff placed around a brachium and a cuff placed around the second digit of the contralateral forelimb for the present study. Bland-Altman plots were generated to compare results for direct and oscillometric BP measurements. Mean bias and 95% LOAs were calculated for oscillometric measurements of systolic arterial pressure (SAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) for each cuff site. Sensitivity and specificity in detecting hypotension were also determined for each cuff site. RESULTS There were 74 paired direct and brachial oscillometric measurements of each, SAP, MAP, and DAP and 66 paired direct and digit oscillometric measurements of each, SAP, MAP, and DAP. Only brachial oscillometric measurements of MAP had adequate sensitivity (78%) and specificity (95%) to accurately detect hypotension, and this technique also had the least mean bias (0.8 mm Hg; 95% LOA, –29 to 31 mm Hg). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that brachial oscillometric measurement of MAP provided reasonable agreement with tibial arterial direct MAP measurement and performed well in diagnosing hypotension in anesthetized chimpanzees.

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Comparison of indirect and direct blood pressure measurements in baboons during ketamine anaesthesia

Journal of Medical Primatology ◽

10.1111/jmp.12113 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 217-224 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kristen R. Yeung ◽

Joanne M. Lind ◽

Scott J. Heffernan ◽

Neroli Sunderland ◽

Annemarie Hennessy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Pressure Measurements ◽

Ketamine Anaesthesia ◽

Direct Blood Pressure

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Standardized method for recording blood pressure in anaesthetized Macaca fascicularis

Laboratory Animals ◽

10.1258/002367781780958621 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 37-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Wayne T. Corbett ◽

Harry M. Schey ◽

Noel D. M. Lehner ◽

A. Wayne Greene

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Standard Deviation ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Macaca Fascicularis ◽

Pressure Measurements ◽

Noninvasive Method ◽

Blood Pressures ◽

Pressure Standard ◽

Standardized Method ◽

Direct Blood Pressure

Blood pressures obtained from anaesthetized non-human primates by this indirect, noninvasive method correlate well with direct blood pressure measurements on anaesthetized animals (systolic R = 0·959, diastolic R = 0·946) and on conscious subjects (R = 0·84). Between- and within-animal variances of indirectly-obtained blood pressure recordings in anaesthetized animals were relatively small. The systolic blood pressure standard deviation was 11·566 among animals and 2·233 within animals, diastolic 7·618 and 0·475 respectively.

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The role of carotid chemoreceptors in the sympathetic activation by adenosine in humans

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs20030174 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 106 (1) ◽

pp. 75-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Henri J. L. M. TIMMERS ◽

Gerard A. RONGEN ◽

John M. KAREMAKER ◽

Wouter WIELING ◽

Henri A. M. MARRES ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Sodium Nitroprusside ◽

Sympathetic Nerve ◽

Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽

Adenosine Infusion ◽

Sympathetic Activation ◽

Nerve Activity ◽

Induced Hypotension ◽

Carotid Chemoreceptors

The direct vasodilatory and negative chronotropic effects of adenosine in humans are counterbalanced by a reflex increase in sympathetic nerve traffic. A suggested mechanism for this reflex includes peripheral chemoreceptor activation. We, therefore, assessed the contribution of carotid chemoreceptors to sympatho-excitation by adenosine. Muscle sympathetic nerve activity was recorded during adenosine infusion (140 µg·kg-1·min-1 for 5 min) in five patients lacking carotid chemoreceptors after bilateral carotid body tumour resection (one male and four female, mean age 51±11 years) and in six healthy controls (two male and four female, mean age 50±7 years). Sympathetic responses to sodium nitroprusside injections were assessed to measure baroreceptor-mediated sympathetic activation. In response to adenosine, controls showed no change in blood pressure, an increase in heart rate (+48.2±13.2%; P<0.003) and an increase in sympathetic nerve activity (+195±103%; P<0.022). In contrast, patients showed a decrease in blood pressure (-14.6±4.9/-17.6±6.0%; P<0.05), an increase in heart rate (+25.3±8.4%; P<0.032) and no significant change in sympathetic activity. Adenosine-induced hypotension in individual patients elicited less sympathetic activation than equihypotensive sodium nitroprusside injections. In humans lacking carotid chemoreceptors, adenosine infusion elicits hypotension due to the absence of significant sympatho-excitation. Chemoreceptor activation is essential for counterbalancing the direct vasodilation by adenosine. In addition, blunting of the baroreflex sympathetic response to adenosine-induced hypotension may indicate a direct sympatho-inhibitory effect of adenosine.

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