NIH Asks Participants in Women’s Health Initiative Estrogen-Alone Study to Stop Study Pills, Begin Follow-up Phase

2004 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Alving
Keyword(s):  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Women's Health Initiative ◽  
Women’S Health Initiative ◽  
Health Initiative

Investigating Predictors of Preserved Cognitive Function in Older Women Using Machine Learning: Women’s Health Initiative Memory Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ramon Casanova ◽  
Sarah A. Gaussoin ◽  
Robert Wallace ◽  
Laura Baker ◽  
Jiu-Chiuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Women's Health Initiative ◽  
Women’S Health Initiative ◽  
Health Initiative

Background: Identification of factors that may help to preserve cognitive function in late life could elucidate mechanisms and facilitate interventions to improve the lives of millions of people. However, the large number of potential factors associated with cognitive function poses an analytical challenge. Objective: We used data from the longitudinal Women’s Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS) and machine learning to investigate 50 demographic, biomedical, behavioral, social, and psychological predictors of preserved cognitive function in later life. Methods: Participants in WHIMS and two consecutive follow up studies who were at least 80 years old and had at least one cognitive assessment following their 80th birthday were classified as cognitively preserved. Preserved cognitive function was defined as having a score ≥39 on the most recent administration of the modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICSm) and a mean score across all assessments ≥39. Cognitively impaired participants were those adjudicated by experts to have probable dementia or at least two adjudications of mild cognitive impairment within the 14 years of follow-up and a last TICSm score <  31. Random Forests was used to rank the predictors of preserved cognitive function. Results: Discrimination between groups based on area under the curve was 0.80 (95%-CI-0.76–0.85). Women with preserved cognitive function were younger, better educated, and less forgetful, less depressed, and more optimistic at study enrollment. They also reported better physical function and less sleep disturbance, and had lower systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin, and blood glucose levels. Conclusion: The predictors of preserved cognitive function include demographic, psychological, physical, metabolic, and vascular factors suggesting a complex mix of potential contributors.

scholarly journals Estrogen Plus Progestin and Lung Cancer: Follow-up of the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17.e1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rowan T. Chlebowski ◽  
Heather Wakelee ◽  
Mary Pettinger ◽  
Thomas Rohan ◽  
Jingmin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Women's Health Initiative ◽  
Women’S Health Initiative ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
Estrogen Plus Progestin ◽  
The Women’S Health Initiative

scholarly journals Association between baseline insulin resistance and psoriasis incidence: the Women’s Health Initiative

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred A. Chan ◽  
Houmin Li ◽  
Wendy Li ◽  
Kathy Pan ◽  
Jennifer K. Yee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Diagnostic Code ◽  
Women's Health Initiative ◽  
Women’S Health Initiative ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
The Women’S Health Initiative

AbstractSmall-scale studies offer conflicting evidence regarding the relationship/association between psoriasis and insulin resistance by HOMA-IR (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance). The purpose of this study was to assess the association between baseline HOMA-IR and psoriasis incidence in a large-scale longitudinal cohort of postmenopausal women. The analysis included 21,789 postmenopausal women from the Women’s Health Initiative. Psoriasis diagnosis was defined by fee-for-service Medicare ICD-9-CM codes assigned by dermatologists or rheumatologists, and a 2-year lookback period to exclude prevalent cases. Baseline HOMA-IR was calculated using the updated HOMA2 model. Hazard rates from the Cox regression models were stratified by age (10-year intervals), on WHI component (Clinical Trial or Observational Study), and on randomization status within each of the WHI clinical trials. The complete model also adjusted for ethnicity, waist–hip-ratio, and smoking and alcohol habits. Among participants free of psoriasis at entry, those with high baseline HOMA-IR (≥ 2) compared to low (< 1.4) had significantly higher risk for psoriasis over 21-year cumulative follow-up (HR: 1.39, 95% CI 1.08–1.79, P-trend: 0.011). In postmenopausal women, higher baseline HOMA-IR levels were significantly associated with higher incidence of psoriasis over 21-year cumulative follow-up. Results from this time-to-event analysis indicate that insulin resistance can precede and is associated with an increased risk of psoriasis. Study is limited by Medicare diagnostic code accuracy and cohort age.

scholarly journals Chocolate Consumption in Relation to All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in Women: The Women's Health Initiative

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1493-1493
Author(s):  
Yangbo Sun ◽  
Buyun Liu ◽  
Linda Snetselaar ◽  
Robert Wallace ◽  
Aladdin Shadyab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Women's Health Initiative ◽  
Women’S Health Initiative ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Abstract Objectives To examine the association of chocolate consumption with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Methods We included 84,709 postmenopausal women free of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer at baseline in the prospective Women's Health Initiative cohort who were enrolled during 1993–1998. Chocolate consumption was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. These women were followed through March 2018. Results During 1608,856 person-years of follow up (19.0 years on average [SD = 4.2]), 25,388 deaths occurred, including 7069 deaths from CVD, 7030 deaths from cancer, and 3279 deaths from dementia. After adjustment for a variety of covariates, compared to no chocolate consumption, the HRs (95% CIs) for all-cause mortality were 0.95 (0.92, 0.98), 0.93 (0.89, 0.96), 0.97 (0.90, 1.04) and 0.90 (0.84, 0.97) for &lt;1 serving/week, 1–3 servings/week, 4–6 servings/week and ≥1 serving/day of chocolate consumption, respectively (P for trend = 0.02). For CVD mortality, compared to no chocolate consumption, the HRs (95% CIs) were 0.96 (0.91, 1.01), 0.88 (0.82, 0.95), 0.96 (0.93, 1.12) and 0.92 (0.80, 1.05) for &lt;1 serving/week, 1–3 servings/week, 4–6 servings/week and ≥1 serving/day of chocolate consumption, respectively (P for trend = 0.45). For dementia mortality, compared to no chocolate consumption, the HRs (95% CIs) were 0.91 (0.84, 0.99), 0.89 (0.80, 0.99), 0.97 (0.79, 1.18) and 0.97 (0.80, 1.08) for &lt;1 serving/week, 1–3 servings/week, 4–6 servings/week and ≥1 serving/day of chocolate consumption, respectively (P for trend = 0.95). Chocolate consumption was not associated with cancer mortality. Conclusions Our results suggested modest inverse association of chocolate consumption with mortality from all-causes, CVD or dementia, specifically for a moderate chocolate consumption of ≤3 servings/week. Funding Sources None.

scholarly journals Occupation and Parkinson disease in Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Burstyn ◽  
Andrea Z. LaCroix ◽  
Irene Litvan ◽  
Robert B. Wallace ◽  
Harvey Checkoway
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Women's Health Initiative ◽  
Women’S Health Initiative ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
Occupational Risks ◽  
Technological Advances

AbstractIntroductionThere is a lack of consistency in associations between workplace factors and risk of Parkinson disease (PD), and paucity of such data on women. We took a classic occupational epidemiology approach that assesses associations with occupational groups in order to derive insights about potential occupation-specific exposures that may be causal.MethodsThe Women’s Health Initiative (WHI-OS) is a prospective cohort that enrolled 91,627 postmenopausal women, 50 to 79 years of age from 10/01/93 to 12/31/98, at 40 clinical centers across the US with average follow-up of 11 years, who reported up to three paid jobs held the longest since age 18; these jobs were coded and duration of employment calculated. We defined the case by self-report of doctor-diagnosed PD (at baseline or follow-up), death attributed to PD, or medication consistent with PD.ResultsAmong 2,590 cases, we report evidence of excess risk among “counselors, social workers, and other community and social service specialists”. There was a suggestion of increase in risk among post-secondary teachers, and “building and grounds cleaning and maintenance”. There was also evidence of deficit in risk among women who worked in sales.Results with ever-employed and duration were similar, except for evidence of excess of risk among “health technologists and technicians” with more than 20 years of employment. Longer duration of life on a farm was associated with higher risk.ConclusionOur findings paint a largely reassuring picture of occupational risks for PD among US women, especially for trades largely unaffected by recent technological advances.

scholarly journals Dual-Outcome Intention-to-Treat Analyses in the Women’s Health Initiative Randomized Controlled Hormone Therapy Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 189 (9) ◽  
pp. 972-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross L Prentice ◽  
Aaron K Aragaki ◽  
Rowan T Chlebowski ◽  
Shanshan Zhao ◽  
Garnet L Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Women's Health Initiative ◽  
Women’S Health Initiative ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
The Women’S Health Initiative

Abstract Dual-outcome intention-to-treat hazard rate analyses have potential to complement single-outcome analyses for the evaluation of treatments or exposures in relation to multivariate time-to-response outcomes. Here we consider pairs formed from important clinical outcomes to obtain further insight into influences of menopausal hormone therapy on chronic disease. As part of the Women’s Health Initiative, randomized, placebo-controlled hormone therapy trials of conjugated equine estrogens (CEE) among posthysterectomy participants and of these same estrogens plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) among participants with an intact uterus were carried out at 40 US clinical centers (1993–2016). These data provide the context for analyses covering the trial intervention periods and a nearly 20-year (median) cumulative duration of follow-up. The rates of multiple outcome pairs were significantly influenced by hormone therapy, especially over cumulative follow-up, providing potential clinical and mechanistic insights. For example, among women randomized to either regimen, hazard ratios for pairs defined by fracture during intervention followed by death from any cause were reduced and hazard ratios for pairs defined by gallbladder disease followed by death were increased, though these findings may primarily reflect single-outcome associations. In comparison, hazard ratios for diabetes followed by death were reduced with CEE but not with CEE + MPA, and those for hypertension followed by death were increased with CEE + MPA but not with CEE.

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