scholarly journals Family Care Rituals in the ICU to Reduce Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Family Members—A Multicenter, Multinational, Before-and-After Intervention Trial*

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy H. Amass ◽  
Gianluca Villa ◽  
Sean OMahony ◽  
James M. Badger ◽  
Rory McFadden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Intervention Trial ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Traumatic

Resource activation for treating post-traumatic stress disorder, co-morbid symptoms and impaired functioning: a randomized controlled trial in Cambodia

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Steinert ◽  
P. J. Bumke ◽  
R. L. Hollekamp ◽  
A. Larisch ◽  
F. Leichsenring ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Traumatic

BackgroundMental health morbidity in post-conflict settings is high. Nevertheless, randomized controlled trials of psychotherapy on site are rare. Our aim was to integrate rigorous research procedures into a humanitarian programme and test the efficacy of resource activation (ROTATE) in treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), co-morbid symptoms and impaired functioning in Cambodia.MethodA total of 86 out-patients with PTSD were randomly assigned to five sessions of ROTATE (n= 53) or a 5-week waiting-list control (WLC) condition (n= 33). Treatment was provided by six Cambodian psychologists who had received extensive training in ROTATE. Masked assessments were made before and after therapy.ResultsPTSD remission rates according to the DSM-IV algorithm of the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire were 95.9% in ROTATE and 24.1% in the WLC condition. Thus, patients receiving ROTATE had a significantly higher likelihood of PTSD remission (odds ratio 0.012, 95% confidence interval 0.002–0.071,p< 0.00001). Additionally, levels of anxiety, depression and impaired functioning were significantly reduced compared with the WLC condition (p< 0.00001, between-group effect sizesd= 2.41, 2.26 and 2.54, respectively). No harms were reported.ConclusionsROTATE was efficacious in treating Cambodian patients with high symptom levels of PTSD, emotional distress and impaired functioning. ROTATE is a brief, culturally adaptable intervention focusing on stabilization and strengthening resources rather than trauma confrontation. It can be taught to local professionals and paraprofessionals and enhance access to mental health care for patients in need.

scholarly journals Title: Efficacy of Psychosocial Group Treatment for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder among Genocide Survivors in Rwanda, 25 Years After 1994 Genocide Against Tutsi.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarisse Marie Claudine SIMBI ◽  
Yuhong Zhang ◽  
Zhizhong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Group Therapies

Abstract Background: Prior studies indicated that post-traumatic stress disorder is becoming a global health concern even though still poorly known and treated. In the aftermath of 1994 Genocide against Tutsi, studies found high rates of depressive and anxious symptoms along with PTSD among genocide survivors. Due to the highest cruelty in which the Genocide was committed, genocide survivors still need high special humanitarian services, of those including specialized health care services. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of psychosocial group therapies created by AVEGA Agahozo in reducing PTSD symptoms among Genocide survivors in Rwanda, 25 years after 1994 Genocide against Tutsi.Methods: We conducted a comparative cross-sectional study design with a sample of 98 genocide survivors who received group therapy by AVEGA Agahozo. We used a multi-stage random sampling method to select participants and 7 trained psychologists interviewed genocide survivors about their PTSD status before and after treatment using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition. The analysis was performed using SPSS version 17.1.Results: The results showed that women were 97.96% and men presented 2.04% of all participants because AVEGA Agahozo mainly focuses on helping women survivors who lost their husbands in Genocide and previous findings also concluded that women are very prone to suffer from PTSD than men. Paired t-test results showed significant differences between symptoms, before and after treatment (P<0.001 in all pairs). Cohen's d results also showed high effect sizes (d>0.5), only in pair 8 where the difference appears to be less significant (d=0.28). The descriptive statistics showed that the severity of PTSD symptoms dramatically reduced after treatment. But this difference of severity is only statistically significant among five (5) PTSD symptoms.: (Marked physiological reactivity after exposure to trauma-related stimuli [P=0.045, x2=38.111]; inability to recall key features of the traumatic event [P<001, x2=56.309]; persistent negative trauma-related emotions [P=0.013, x2=43.184]; self-destructive or reckless behavior [P=0.041, x2=38.535]; hypervigilance [P=0.020, x2=41.596]. Conclusion: Psychosocial group therapies created by AVEGA Agahozo effectively alleviate post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and severity among genocide survivors.

The effects of CO2 inhalation in patients with chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 168-168
Author(s):  
C. Muhtz ◽  
J. Daneshi ◽  
M. Braun ◽  
M. Kellner
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Few Data

IntroductionPanic disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which is currently classified as an anxiety disorder in DSM-IV, share some clinical characteristics. Emerging evidence suggests that CO2-induced fear reactivity is associated with anxiety disorders, especially panic disorder. However, there are only very few data available about the sensitivity of patients with PTSD to carbon dioxide.AimTo examine the psychometric effects of CO2 on panic anxiety and PTSD symptoms in subjects with PTSD.MethodsIn 10 patients with PTSD, 10 sex- and age-matched healthy subjects and additional 8 patients with panic disorder we assessed anxiety, panic, dissociative and PTSD symptoms before and after a single vital capacity inhalation of 35% CO2.ResultsInhalation of a single deep breath of 35% of carbon dioxide resulted in significant panicogenic and anxiogenic effects in PTSD patients versus healthy controls, which were similar to the well known responses of patients with panic disorder. Furthermore, significant pro-dissociative effects and significant provocation of post-traumatic flashbacks and PTSD symptoms were observed in PTSD patients.ConclusionsThese data provide novel evidence that panic disorder and PTSD share a common hypersensitivity to CO2 and thus might belong to the same spectrum of vulnerability.

Post-Homicide Reactions: Grief, Mourning and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder following a Drunk Driving Fatality

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ginny Sprang ◽  
John McNeil
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Drunk Driving ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Subjective Health Status ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Primary Family

This article examines the impact of gender, religious beliefs, subjective health status, individuals' past experience with death, social support, and time since the death on the extent of mourning, the extent of grieving, and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptomatology. It is proposed that the mode of death complicates the nature and course of bereavement after the death of a primary family member in a drunk driving collision. The unnecessary and violent nature of the death of drunk driving victims adds to the depth and extent of the psychological response to trauma. It is proposed that the models of grief utilized to conceptualize the grieving process are inadequate as a sole measure of the response of this type of death. Therefore, the inclusion of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder was provided for a more comprehensive understanding of this type of grief response. Survey data were collected on 171 primary family members of drunk driving victims (spouses, parents, siblings, or children) randomly selected from support groups and social service agencies throughout Texas. Results provide a greater understanding of the factor influencing the responses of the surviving family members after a drunk driving fatality and demonstrate that the grief and PTSD response share common predictors.

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