Introduction:
The prevalence of obesity continues to rise since 1980. This obesity epidemic has been paralleled by a trend of reduced sleep duration and sleep quality throughout the years. However, there is limited research on the relation between sleep duration and quality and its association with weight loss maintenance. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between sleep duration and quality and weight status in post-bariatric surgery patients at 9-y post-surgery. We tested the hypothesis that participants’ post-surgical weight change would be related to sleep duration and quality at 9-y.
Methods:
Sleep data were collected on a subset of participants (mean body weight = 94.1 kg ± 18.9) enrolled in an ancillary study to the Longitudinal Assessment for Bariatric Surgery trial. Self-reported hours of sleep per night and overall sleep quality were assessed once, at the 9-y visit using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire.
Results:
Complete data were available on 14 participants (10 females and 4 males, age 52.1 ± 15.6 y), current weight 94 kg ± 18.9. Average total weight loss from pre-surgery was 28.5% ± 10.6, with an average weight gain of 0.3 ± 6.2 % over the last 2 y of follow-up. Participants reported average sleep duration of 6.8 ± 2.0 h/night at the 9-y evaluation visit and an average score of 7.9 ± 3.7 on the PSQI. There was no relation between sleep duration and current weight or percent weight change after maximum weight loss, which occurred around 2-y post-surgery. However, there were trends for an association between sleep quality and percent weight change after maximum weight loss (p=0.057) and percent weight change in the last 2-y of follow-up (p=0.066). In general, participants who lost more weight over the last 2 y of the study had lower scores on the PSQI, indicating better quality of sleep.
Conclusion:
Our results showed no association between sleep quality or duration and long-term changes in weight for patients who underwent bariatric surgery. However, those with better sleep quality tended to have more beneficial changes in weight over the latest 2-y. It is important to note that this study cannot address causality and whether improved weight influenced sleep quality or whether sleep quality influenced weight change. Further studies should examine the temporality of these association. Sleep quality may be an important sleep metric to consider for long-term weight loss maintenance.
TP5.2.18 Should follow up to bariatric surgery be extended beyond 2 years for patients with concurrent renal disease?