Review of The Role of Race and Gender in the Career Experiences of Black/African American Academic Surgeons

Recent research has documented poor mental health among high socioeconomic status (SES) Blacks, particularly African American males. The literature has also shown a positive link between SES and perceived discrimination, suggesting that perceived discrimination may explain why high SES Black males report poor mental health. To better understand the role of contextual factors in explaining this pattern, we aimed to test whether school racial composition explains why high income Black youth perceive more discrimination. We explored these associations by ethnicity and gender. Using data from the National Survey of American Life-Adolescent supplement (NSAL-A), the current study included 810 African American and 360 Caribbean Black youth, with a mean age of 15. Ethnicity, age, gender, income-to-needs ratio (SES), skin color, school racial composition, and perceived (daily) discrimination were measured. Using Stata 15.0 (Stata Corp., College Station, TX, USA), we fitted seven structural equation models (SEMs) for data analysis in the pooled sample based on the intersection of ethnicity and gender. Considerable gender by ethnicity variations were found in the associations between SES, school racial composition, and perceived discrimination. For African American males but not African American females or Caribbean Black males or females, school racial composition fully mediated the effect of SES on perceived discrimination. The role of inter-racial contact as a mechanism for high discrimination and poor mental health of Black American adolescents may depend on their intersection of ethnicity and gender. School racial composition may be a mechanism for increased perceived discrimination among high SES African American males.

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Writing through Jane Crow: Race and Gender Politics in African American Literature by Ayesha K. Hardison

CLA Journal ◽

10.1353/caj.2017.0027 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 61 (1-2) ◽

pp. 128-130

Author(s):

Chanté Baker Martin

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

American Literature ◽

African American Literature ◽

Gender Politics ◽

Race And Gender ◽

And Gender

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Impoliteness in hip-hop music

Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict ◽

10.1075/jlac.00062.del ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Panagiotis Delis

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

Black Male ◽

Hip Hop ◽

Selection Process ◽

White Male ◽

White Female ◽

Race And Gender ◽

The Social ◽

Determining Factors ◽

And Gender

Abstract The aim of this paper is to examine the functionality of impoliteness strategies as rhetorical devices employed by acclaimed African American and White hip-hop artists. It focuses on the social and artistic function of the key discursive element of hip-hop, namely aggressive language. The data for this paper comprise songs of US African American and White performers retrieved from the November 2017 ‘TOP100 Chart’ for international releases on Spotify.com. A cursory look at the sub-corpora (Black male/ Black female/ White male/ White female artists’ sub-corpus) revealed the prominence of the ‘use taboo words’ impoliteness strategy. The analysis of impoliteness instantiations by considering race and gender as determining factors in the lyrics selection process unveiled that both male groups use impoliteness strategies more frequently than female groups. It is also suggested that Black male and White female singers employ impoliteness to resist oppression, offer a counter-narrative about their own experience and self (re)presentation and reinforce in group solidarity.

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Blackface Minstrelsy and the Reception of Elizabeth Taylor Greenfield

Journal of the Society for American Music ◽

10.1017/s1752196321000195 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 305-320

Author(s):

Julia J. Chybowski

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

African American ◽

Social Class ◽

Gender Roles ◽

Black Swan ◽

Social Hierarchies ◽

Race And Gender ◽

Blackface Minstrelsy ◽

And Gender

AbstractThis article explores blackface minstrelsy in the context of Elizabeth Taylor Greenfield's singing career of the 1850s–1870s. Although Greenfield performed a version of African American musicality that was distinct from minstrel caricatures, minstrelsy nonetheless impacted her reception. The ubiquity of minstrel tropes greatly influenced audience perceptions of Greenfield's creative and powerful transgressions of expected race and gender roles, as well as the alignment of race with mid-nineteenth-century notions of social class. Minstrel caricatures and stereotypes appeared in both praise and ridicule of Greenfield's performances from her debut onward, and after successful US and transatlantic tours established her notoriety, minstrel companies actually began staging parody versions of Greenfield, using her sobriquet, “Black Swan.” These “Black Swan” acts are evidence that Greenfield's achievements were perceived as threats to established social hierarchies.

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Adolescents’ Internalizing Behaviors after Extreme Violence Exposure: A Comparison of Race and Gender for African American and Asian American Youth

Families in Society The Journal of Contemporary Social Services ◽

10.1606/1044-3894.3870 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 90 (2) ◽

pp. 145-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Wan-Yi Chen

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

Community Violence ◽

Asian American ◽

Violence Exposure ◽

African American Adolescents ◽

Internalizing Behaviors ◽

Race And Gender ◽

Asian American Adolescents ◽

Minority Adolescents ◽

And Gender

This study compares African American and Asian American adolescents in their rates of extreme community violence exposure and consequent internalizing behaviors. Using information from a national longitudinal survey this study found substantial violence exposure rates for both groups. Also, gender differences in exposure rates and adolescent reports of internalizing behaviors after violence exposure were detected. Male African American adolescents had the highest exposure rate, while female Asian American adolescents reported the highest level of internalizing behaviors. These findings suggest further research is needed to better understand the effect of violence exposure on various ethnic minority adolescents. Moreover, social workers and other professionals involved in adolescent services could use these results to improve outreach methods to vulnerable adolescents.

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