Gyroid cuticular structures in butterfly wing scales: biological photonic crystals

We present a systematic study of the cuticular structure in the butterfly wing scales of some papilionids ( Parides sesostris and Teinopalpus imperialis ) and lycaenids ( Callophrys rubi , Cyanophrys remus , Mitoura gryneus and Callophrys dumetorum ). Using published scanning and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images, analytical modelling and computer-generated TEM micrographs, we find that the three-dimensional cuticular structures can be modelled by gyroid structures with various filling fractions and lattice parameters. We give a brief discussion of the formation of cubic gyroid membranes from the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in the scale's cell, which dry and harden to leave the cuticular structure behind when the cell dies. The scales of C. rubi are a potentially attractive biotemplate for producing three-dimensional optical photonic crystals since for these scales the cuticle-filling fraction is nearly optimal for obtaining the largest photonic band gap in a gyroid structure.

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3-D Chiral Photonic Crystals Replicated from Butterfly Wing Scales

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/opl.2012.490 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 1389 ◽

Author(s):

Christian Mille ◽

Eric C. Tyrode ◽

Robert W. Corkery

Keyword(s):

Photonic Crystals ◽

Minimal Surface ◽

Surface Structure ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Morphological Characterization ◽

Optically Active ◽

Butterfly Wing ◽

Chiral Photonic Crystals ◽

High Degree ◽

Wing Scales

ABSTRACTThree dimensional silica photonic crystals with the gyroid minimal surface structure have been synthesized using the butterfly Callophrys rubi as a template. The replicas are synthesized with a high degree of fidelity, which is confirmed by the spectral and morphological characterization. Further, the material is shown to be optically active.

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Tunable three-dimensional ZrO2 photonic crystals replicated from single butterfly wing scales

Journal of Materials Chemistry ◽

10.1039/c1jm12189h ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 21 (39) ◽

pp. 15237 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Yu Chen ◽

Jiajun Gu ◽

Di Zhang ◽

Shenmin Zhu ◽

Huilan Su ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Photonic Crystals ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Butterfly Wing ◽

Wing Scales

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Electromagnetic properties of photonic crystals with diamond structure containing defects

Journal of Materials Research ◽

10.1557/jmr.2003.0309 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 18 (9) ◽

pp. 2214-2220 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Shingo Kanehira ◽

Soshu Kirihara ◽

Yoshinari Miyamoto ◽

Kazuaki Sakoda ◽

Mitsuo Wada Takeda

Keyword(s):

Photonic Crystals ◽

Band Gap ◽

Photonic Band Gap ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Expansion Method ◽

Electromagnetic Properties ◽

Diamond Structure ◽

Multiple Reflections ◽

Air Cavity ◽

Photonic Band

Three-dimensional photonic crystals with a diamond structure, which are composed of the TiO2-based ceramic particles dispersed in an epoxy lattice, were fabricated by stereolithography. The diamond structure showed a photonic band gap in the 14.3–17.0 GHz range along the Γ-K 〈110〉 direction, which is close to the band calculation using the plain wave expansion method. Two types of lattice defects—air cavity and dielectric cavity—were introduced into the diamond structure by removing a unit cell of diamond structure or inserting a block of the lattice medium into the air cavity. The transmission of millimeter waves affected by multiple reflections at the defects was measured in the photonic band gap. Resonant frequencies in the defects were calculated and compared with the measurement results.

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Terahertz Wave Properties of Ceramic Photonic Crystals with Graded Structure Fabricated by Using Micro-Stereolithography

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.631-632.299 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 631-632 ◽

pp. 299-304 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Soshu Kirihara ◽

Toshiki Niki ◽

Masaru Kaneko

Keyword(s):

Electromagnetic Wave ◽

Photonic Crystals ◽

Photonic Band Gap ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Expansion Method ◽

Terahertz Wave ◽

Diamond Structure ◽

Terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy ◽

3D Cad ◽

Wave Properties

Fabrication and terahertz wave properties of alumina micro photonic crystals with a diamond structure were investigated. The three-dimensional diamond structure was designed on a computer using 3D-CAD software. Acrylic diamond structures with alumina particles dispersion were formed by using micro-stereolithography. Fabricated precursors were dewaxed and sintered in the air. The electromagnetic wave properties were measured by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. A complete photonic band gap was observed at the frequency range from 0.40 to 0.47 THz, and showed good agreement with the simulation results calculated by the plane wave expansion method. Moreover, a localized mode was obtained by introducing a plane defect between twinned diamond structures. The one-way transmission of the electromagnetic wave was realized by using this twinned photonic crystal with the graded diamond structure. They corresponded to the simulation by the transmission line modeling (TLM) method.

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Signature of a three-dimensional photonic band gap observed on silicon inverse woodpile photonic crystals

Physical Review B ◽

10.1103/physrevb.83.205313 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 83 (20) ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Simon R. Huisman ◽

Rajesh V. Nair ◽

Léon A. Woldering ◽

Merel D. Leistikow ◽

Allard P. Mosk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Photonic Crystals ◽

Band Gap ◽

Photonic Band Gap ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Photonic Band

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Preparation and Properties of Silica Inverse Opal via Self-Assembly

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.699.318 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 699 ◽

pp. 318-324 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Syara Kassim ◽

S. Padmanabhan ◽

J. McGrath ◽

M.E. Pemble

Keyword(s):

Photonic Crystals ◽

Self Assembly ◽

Colloidal Particles ◽

Photonic Band Gap ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Colloidal Synthesis ◽

3 Dimensional ◽

Inverse Opals ◽

Simple Processing ◽

Potential Applications

The bottom-up colloidal synthesis of photonic band gap (PBG) materials or photonic crystals (PC) has attracted considerable interest as compared to so-called top-down lithographic approaches due to the simple processing steps involved and the prospect of the economically viable production of complex 3-dimensional optical materials from simple colloidal particles. To date self-assembly techniques constitute the most popular approach to fabricate 3D photonic crystals from colloidal particle suspensions. Based on the natural tendency of monodisperse colloidal particles to organise into ordered arrays, this method represent the best option due to the ease of fabrication, ability to produce larger area samples and cost. Here we report on the fabrication of long range three-dimensional (3D) ordered poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-silica PC structures and the subsequent fabrication of robust silica inverse opals using self-assembly methods. The optical properties of these materials are described and discussed in terms of potential applications of these materials.

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