A synaptic mechanism possibly underlying directional selectivity to motion

1978 ◽  
Vol 202 (1148) ◽  
pp. 409-416 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Motion Detection ◽  
Directional Selectivity ◽  
Detection Process ◽  
Synaptic Interaction ◽  
Physiological Studies

A specific synaptic interaction is proposed as the mechanism underlying the directional selectivity to motion of several nervous cells. It is shown that the hypothesis is consistent with previous behavioural and physiological studies of the motion detection process.

scholarly journals Complementary mechanisms create direction selectivity in the fly

eLife ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juergen Haag ◽  
Alexander Arenz ◽  
Etienne Serbe ◽  
Fabrizio Gabbiani ◽  
Alexander Borst
Keyword(s):  
Motion Detection ◽  
Visual Motion ◽  
Optic Lobe ◽  
Direction Selectivity ◽  
Neural Computation ◽  
Directional Selectivity ◽  
Motion Sensing ◽  
Null Direction ◽  
Preferred Direction ◽  
High Degree

How neurons become sensitive to the direction of visual motion represents a classic example of neural computation. Two alternative mechanisms have been discussed in the literature so far: preferred direction enhancement, by which responses are amplified when stimuli move along the preferred direction of the cell, and null direction suppression, where one signal inhibits the response to the subsequent one when stimuli move along the opposite, i.e. null direction. Along the processing chain in the Drosophila optic lobe, directional responses first appear in T4 and T5 cells. Visually stimulating sequences of individual columns in the optic lobe with a telescope while recording from single T4 neurons, we find both mechanisms at work implemented in different sub-regions of the receptive field. This finding explains the high degree of directional selectivity found already in the fly’s primary motion-sensing neurons and marks an important step in our understanding of elementary motion detection.

On the Mechanisms Underlying Directional Selectivity

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Öğmen
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Motion Perception ◽  
Network Model ◽  
Neural Network Model ◽  
Motion Detection ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Directional Selectivity ◽  
Electrophysiological Studies ◽  
Interpretation Problem

Recent efforts in the understanding of motion detection and directional selectivity include electrophysiological studies using single photoreceptor stimulations and a combination of electrophysiology and neuropharmacology. Results of the former have been interpreted in favor of facilitator motion detection models while results of the latter have been interpreted in favor of inhibitory models. In this paper, this conflicting data interpretation problem is addressed by mathematically modeling some effects of neuropharmacological substances and by applying this formalism to a neural network model of directionally selective motion perception. The study offers a possible resolution to the paradox.

Computing Stereo Disparity and Motion with Known Binocular Cell Properties

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Qian
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Receptive Field ◽  
Stereo Vision ◽  
Motion Detection ◽  
Binocular Disparity ◽  
Stereo Disparity ◽  
Random Dot Stereograms ◽  
Disparity Maps ◽  
Physiological Studies

Many models for stereo disparity computation have been proposed, but few can be said to be truly biological. There is also a rich literature devoted to physiological studies of stereopsis. Cells sensitive to binocular disparity have been found in the visual cortex, but it is not clear whether these cells could be used to compute disparity maps from stereograms. Here we propose a model for biological stereo vision based on known receptive field profiles of binocular cells in the visual cortex and provide the first demonstration that these cells could effectively solve random dot stereograms. Our model also allows a natural integration of stereo vision and motion detection. This may help explain the existence of units tuned to both disparity and motion in the visual cortex.

scholarly journals PEMETAAN AKTIFITAS KONSUMEN TOKO MENGGUNAKAN METODE BACKGROUND SUBTRACTION

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
I Made Edy Listartha ◽  
Gede Indrawan ◽  
Kadek Yota Ernanda Aryanto
Keyword(s):  
Motion Detection ◽  
Background Subtraction ◽  
Survey Area ◽  
Subtraction Technique ◽  
Detection Process ◽  
Consumer Movement ◽  
Mapping Process ◽  
Consumer Data ◽  
Other Consumers

This study aims to heat mapping the consumer’s movement using background subtraction techniques. The mapping is built using the coordinate information obtained from the consumer location that detected from the video where the separation of the consumer object and the background is done by background subtraction technique. Tests were performed on eleven video of consumer data activity that have different activity characteristics that were created using Microsoft PowerPoint application. Simulated activities include walking straight, staying, walking back to the path that had been passed, pacing, disturbance from another object, the influence of color, the consumer walks meet and coincide with other consumers. From the test of video discovery is obtained accuracy of 96.07% for the detection process of consumer movement, where the lack of detection process occurs due to the absence of techniques used to perform the introduction of characteristics of consumer objects. The mapping process is very much in line with the number of coordinates generated in the motion detection process, but the inaccurate detection of movement in the entrance and exit areas makes the coordinates high. By filtering with Region of Interes (ROI) in the survey area, creating disturbances in the area of doors and areas with objects that produce movements other than consumers can be eliminated.

scholarly journals HUMAN MOVEMENT DETECTION DENGAN ACCUMULATIVE DIFFERENCES IMAGE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mohammad Faisal Kholid ◽  
Jian Budiarto ◽  
Ahmad Ashril Rizal ◽  
Gibran Satya Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Motion Detection ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Online News ◽  
Human Detection ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Detection Process ◽  
Close Supervision

Based on police data quoted from one of the online news portal pages, there are 43,842 thousand criminal acts in the The Capital City of Jakarta. Of all these criminal cases burglary empty houses included in the top three acts of crime. Houses that are abandoned by their owners are often targeted by crime operations due to lack of close supervision and security support technology. The purpose of this study is to detect human motion which can later be used to prevent crime in the form of theft. Another purpose of this research is to find out how the method used works in identifying changes in the image of several consecutive frames. This research develops a motion detection system in humans on video using a Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) camera which is simulated using sample video. The motion detection process uses the Accumulative Differences Image (ADI) method and the human detection process uses the classification of Opencv, the Haar Cascade Classification. Which with this method compares more than two different frames and the classification parameters used are full-body, upper body and face. System testing is done using several video samples taken with the distance and height of the camera against different objects. The results obtained from testing using video samples show an accuracy rate of 95.23%.

Cooking Motion Detection by Using Kinect

2016 ◽  
Vol 136 (12) ◽  
pp. 1759-1760
Author(s):  
Masao Izumi ◽  
Kenji Hashimoto
Keyword(s):  
Motion Detection
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