scholarly journals From movement kinematics to social cognition: the case of autism

2016 ◽  
Vol 371 (1693) ◽  
pp. 20150372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Cook
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Movement Kinematics ◽  
Movement Differences ◽  
The Way

The way in which we move influences our ability to perceive, interpret and predict the actions of others. Thus movements play an important role in social cognition. This review article will appraise the literature concerning movement kinematics and motor control in individuals with autism, and will argue that movement differences between typical and autistic individuals may contribute to bilateral difficulties in reciprocal social cognition.

KEBERPIHAKAN MEDIA TERHADAP ISU PELESTARIAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP

Jurnal KATA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Febrina Zulmi
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Environmental Ethics ◽  
Text Structure ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Way

<p><em>Media bias will always be an interesting topic to be examined. Media plays some important roles in society. One of its roles is building public opinions. In this case, media has been assumed to be biased as it might take some advantages from its position. This study aims at investigating The Jakarta Post’s bias towards the environmental preservation issues (an ecolinguistic study). The method used in this study is qualitative descriptive method by applying Van Dijk’s model of critical discourse analysis. This research model does not only analyze the aspect of text structure but also social cognition and social context. The object for this study is the news texts taken from The Jakarta Post Online. The result of the study showed that The Jakarta Post showed its bias towards environmental preservation issues by positioning itself as a pro’s side . In the text structure level, its bias can be identified with the way it chose the theme, topics, schemes and lexical choices which were in accordance with environmental ethics principles. In the social cognition level, its bias can be identified with the nature of the knowledge involved in showing its position in accordance with environmental preservation mission. In the social context level, its bias can be identified with the social values reflected from the news and certain group domination involved in the Jakarta Post’s news report which was in accordance with pro-environmental preservation. Generally, The Jakarta Post showed its progressive attitude or tendency to the change by intensely discussing environmental issues which implied the ideas of improving the way people should preserve their environment.</em></p><p> </p><p><em>Keberpihakan media akan selalu menjadi bahan yang menarik untuk diteliti. Media memainkan peran penting dalam masyarakat. Salah satu peran media adalah membangun opini publik. Dalam hal ini, media telah diasumsikan memiliki keberpihakan karena media dapat mengambil keuntungan dari posisinya tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat keberpihakan The Jakarta Post terhadap isu pelestarian lingkungan hidup (sebuah kajian ekolinguistik). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan analisis wacana kritis model Van Dijk. Model penelitian ini tidak hanya menganalisis aspek struktur teks, melainkan juga kognisi sosial dan konteks sosial. Objek penelitian ini adalah teks berita yang diambil dari media berita online The Jakarta Post. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa The Jakarta Post menunjukkan keberpihakannya terhadap isu pelestarian lingkungan hidup dengan meposisikan dirinya sebagai pihak yang mendukung. Dalam tataran struktur teks, keberpihakannya dapat diidentifikasi dari tema, topik, skema wacana dan pilihan kata yang digunakan yang sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip etika lingkungan. Dalam tataran kognisi sosial, keberpihakannya dapat diidentifikasi dari sifat pengetahuan yang dilibatkan yang menunjukkan posisinya yang sejalan dengan misi pelestarian lingkungan hidup. Dalam tataran konteks sosial, keberpihakannya dapat diidentifikasi dari nilai-nilai sosial yang tercermin dari berita dan dominasi kelompok yang dilibatkan dalam pelaporan berita yang ditulis The Jakarta Post yang berada pada posisi pro-pelestarian lingkungan hidup. Secara umum, The Jakarta Post menunjukkan sikap progresif atau cenderung kepada perubahan dengan mengulas secara intens isu-isu pelestarian lingkungan hidup yang secara tersirat menyarankan perlu adanya peningkatan terhadap upaya-upaya pelestarian lingkungan hidup.</em><em></em></p>

scholarly journals Identifying the signature of prospective motor control in children with autism

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Cavallo ◽  
Luca Romeo ◽  
Caterina Ansuini ◽  
Francesca Battaglia ◽  
Lino Nobili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Movement Kinematics ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Phenotypic Marker ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Movement Data

AbstractFailure to develop prospective motor control has been proposed to be a core phenotypic marker of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, whether genuine differences in prospective motor control permit discriminating between ASD and non-ASD profiles over and above individual differences in motor output remains unclear. Here, we combined high precision measures of hand movement kinematics and rigorous machine learning analyses to determine the true power of prospective movement data to differentiate children with autism and typically developing children. Our results show that while movement is unique to each individual, variations in the kinematic patterning of sequential grasping movements genuinely differentiate children with autism from typically developing children. These findings provide quantitative evidence for a prospective motor control impairment in autism and indicate the potential to draw inferences about autism on the basis of movement kinematics.

scholarly journals Identifying the signature of prospective motor control in children with autism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Cavallo ◽  
Luca Romeo ◽  
Caterina Ansuini ◽  
Francesca Battaglia ◽  
Lino Nobili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Movement Kinematics ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Phenotypic Marker ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Movement Data

Abstract Failure to develop prospective motor control has been proposed to be a core phenotypic marker of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, whether genuine differences in prospective motor control permit discriminating between ASD and non-ASD profiles over and above individual differences in motor output remains unclear. Here, we combined high precision measures of hand movement kinematics and rigorous machine learning analyses to determine the true power of prospective movement data to differentiate children with autism and typically developing children. Our results show that while movement is unique to each individual, variations in the kinematic patterning of sequential grasping movements genuinely differentiate children with autism from typically developing children. These findings provide quantitative evidence for a prospective motor control impairment in autism and indicate the potential to draw inferences about autism on the basis of movement kinematics.

Duality's hidden influences in models of the mind

2004 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-401
Author(s):  
Eric Charles
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Biological Entity ◽  
Process Noise ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Dualistic Thinking ◽  
The Way

Dualistic approaches to the mind-body relationship are commonplace; however, the adoption of dualistic thinking can often obscure aspects of the way the organism functions as a whole biological entity. Future versions of the emulation theory will, it is hoped, address some of these issues, including the nature of process noise, how distinct iterations can occur, and how to deal with non-emulated aspects of motor control.

scholarly journals Christopher Dobson, 1949–2019: Mentor, Friend, Scientist Extraordinaire

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Carol V. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Protein Folding ◽  
Protein Aggregation ◽  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Review Article ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Way

It is impossible to do justice in one review article to a researcher of the stature of Christopher Dobson. His career spanned almost five decades, resulting in more than 870 publications and a legacy that will continue to influence the lives of many for decades to come. In this review, I have attempted to capture Chris's major contributions: his early work, dedicated to understanding protein-folding mechanisms; his collaborative work with physicists to understand the process of protein aggregation; and finally, his later career in which he developed strategies to prevent misfolding. However, it is not only this body of work but also the man himself who inspired an entire generation of scientists through his patience, ability to mentor, and innate generosity. These qualities remain a hallmark of the way in which he conducted his research—research that will leave a lasting imprint on science.

Seizure Semiology in Focal and Generalized Epilepsies: Distinctive and Overlapping Features

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 051-057
Author(s):  
Ahmad Marashly
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Seizure Semiology ◽  
The Way

AbstractStudying seizure semiology is the first step in evaluating any patient with epilepsy which leads the way to further investigations and management, particularly in differentiating focal and generalized epilepsies. While the usefulness of semiological analysis has been confirmed through decades' worth of research and clinical practice, there remains some instances when the line between focal and generalized semiological features is blurred leading to difficulties identifying the type of epilepsy at hand. This in turn can lead to delayed or wrong diagnoses with significant implications.In this review article, we explain the role of semiology in epilepsy, specifically in differentiating focal versus generalized epilepsies and cover the semiological features for both groups. We also discuss the occasional overlapping semiology between the two groups and provide case examples.

Social and emotional development

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Selikowitz
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Learning Difficulties ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Learning Difficulty ◽  
Social Conventions ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
The People ◽  
Specific Learning ◽  
The Way

There is widespread recognition that children with specific learning difficulties may experience social and emotional problems because of their learning difficulties, but it is often not realized that impairment of social skills may itself be a form of learning difficulty. This is due to a limitation in the way that the brain is able to understand social conventions. This is called a social cognition (or social learning) deficit. In this chapter, I shall first discuss social cognition deficit, and then discuss a number of behaviour problems that may occur as a result of a specific learning difficulty. Social skills, like any other skills, have to be learned. Yet much of what children learn about socially appropriate behaviour is not actually taught to them; they simply pick it up as they go along. Some children of normal intelligence seem to be less able to learn these things, even when taught. This may be their only area of difficulty, but it is commonly associated with other learning difficulties. These children have been accurately described as being ‘socially tone deaf’. They do not pick up the same cues as other children of the same age. They do not seem to predict the social consequences of their actions. They may be uninhibited, undressing in public without the same embarrassment that their peers would experience. They may be overfriendly to strangers. They may frequently say very tactless things without realizing the effect they are having. They often do not read facial expressions and are oblivious to whether someone is angry or upset with them. They may kiss classmates at an age where this is no longer appropriate. They may make unusual sounds in public. They may be insatiable in their activities, not knowing when to stop in the way another child of their age would. Although such behaviour may be apparent to all who meet the child, the people who are most likely to notice it are the child’s peers. With them, the child often sticks out like a sore thumb. This is something that may not be apparent if the child is only observed in a one-to-one relationship at a clinic.

Resiliencia, estilos de vida y manejo del tempo en jóvenes universitarios de Colombia, ante la pandemia COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-212
Author(s):  
Sandra Posada-Bernal ◽  
Ana Elvira Castaneda-Cantillo ◽  
Marlucio De Souza Martins
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Life Project ◽  
The Face ◽  
The University ◽  
The Way

ResumenEste artículo de revisión tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre la forma en que los estilos de vida y el manejo del tiempo se fortalecen a partir de la resiliencia en los jóvenes universitarios de Colombia, ante la pandemia COVID-19. Los constantes cambios que los jóvenes universitarios se enfrentan determinan la forma en la cual establecen sus prioridades ya sean personales, académicas o sociales. Dentro de estas se encuentra el tener una vida saludable desde una planificación de actividades que permitan manejar el tiempo y consolidar hábitos. Es allí donde la resiliencia le permite al joven, a pesar de las dificultades que el entorno le plantea, sortear los retos propios de la etapa del ciclo vital en la que se encuentra. Se espera con este trabajo que, dentro del contexto universitario, los docentes acompañen al joven en su proceso de crecimiento personal con una perspectiva resiliente, para consolidar un proyecto de vida sobre la base de hábitos de vida saludable.Palabras clave: Resiliencia. Estilos de Vida. Manejo del Tiempo. Resilience, lifestyles, and time management in Colombian university students facing the COVID-19 pandemicAbstractThis review article aims to reflect on the way in which lifestyles and time management are strengthened by the resilience of young university students in Colombia in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. The constant changes that young university students face determine the way in which they establish their priorities, whether personal, academic or social. Among these priorities is having a healthy life from a planning of activities that allow them to manage time and consolidate habits. It is there where resilience allows the young person, despite the difficulties that the environment poses, to overcome the challenges of the stage of the life cycle in which he/she finds him/herself. It is hoped that, within the university context, teachers will accompany young people in their personal growth process with a resilient perspective, in order to consolidate a life project based on healthy living habits.Keywords: Resilience. Lifestyles. Time Management. Resiliência, estilos de vida e gestão do tempo em jovens universitários na Colômbia, diante da pandemia COVID-19ResumoEste artigo de revisão visa refletir sobre como os estilos de vida e a gestão do tempo são fortalecidos pela resiliência dos jovens universitários na Colômbia diante da pandemia COVID-19. As constantes mudanças que os jovens universitários enfrentam determinam a forma como eles estabelecem suas prioridades, sejam elas pessoais, acadêmicas ou sociais. Entre eles está o de ter uma vida saudável a partir de um planejamento de atividades que lhes permita administrar seu tempo e consolidar hábitos. É lá que a resiliência permite ao jovem, apesar das dificuldades que o ambiente coloca, superar os desafios da etapa do ciclo de vida em que ele se encontra. Espera-se que, dentro do contexto universitário, os professores acompanhem os jovens em seu processo de crescimento pessoal com uma perspectiva resiliente, a fim de consolidar um projeto de vida baseado em hábitos de vida saudáveis.Palavras-chave: Resiliência. Estilos de Vida. Gestão do Tempo.

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