PrP gene polymorphism and natural scrapie in Icelandic sheep

The association between scrapie and polymorphism of the prion protein (PrP) gene was studied in the Icelandic sheep breed. Polymorphism of the three codons, 136, 154 and 171, that are important for scrapie susceptibility was determined. A BspHI restriction analysis was used to study the alleles of codons 136 and 154, while density gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was used to analyse codon 171 and detect new polymorphisms. The PrP allelic variant, VRQ (amino acids at codons 136, 154 and 171), was found to be highly statistically associated with scrapie, whereas the allelic variant, AHQ, was never found in scrapie-affected animals, a finding that is statistically significant. Iceland has a few scrapie-free regions, which are a part of a quarantine network. Homozygotes for the VRQ variant were found there at a low frequency, indicating that genetic susceptibility is not enough for scrapie to develop and further evidence for the infectious nature of the disease. A comparison of PrP genotypes between sheep outside and within the scrapie-free zones revealed an increase in the AHQ allelic variant in the latter. No polymorphism was found at codon 171 in a total of 932 sheep studied, all individuals having the glutamine allele. Two novel, rare PrP alleles were found using DGGE at codons 138 and 151, i.e. S138N and R151C. Their relevance to scrapie is still unclear, but the former was found in scrapie-affected sheep as well as healthy sheep, whereas the latter was only found in healthy sheep.

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Detection and Identification of Lactobacillus Species in Crops of Broilers of Different Ages by Using PCR-Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis and Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.69.11.6750-6757.2003 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 69 (11) ◽

pp. 6750-6757 ◽

Cited By ~ 91

Author(s):

Le Luo Guan ◽

Karen E. Hagen ◽

Gerald W. Tannock ◽

Doug R. Korver ◽

Gaylene M. Fasenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ribosomal Dna ◽

Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Restriction Analysis ◽

Lactobacillus Species ◽

Broiler Production ◽

Detection And Identification ◽

Different Ages ◽

Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Dna Restriction

ABSTRACT The microflora of the crop was investigated throughout the broiler production period (0 to 42 days) using PCR combined with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) and selective bacteriological culture of lactobacilli followed by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA). The birds were raised under conditions similar to those used in commercial broiler production. Lactobacilli predominated and attained populations of 108 to 109 CFU per gram of crop contents. Many of the lactobacilli present in the crop (61.9% of isolates) belonged to species of the Lactobacillus acidophilus group and could not be differentiated by PCR-DGGE. A rapid and simple ARDRA method was developed to distinguish between the members of the L. acidophilus group. HaeIII-ARDRA was used for preliminary identification of isolates in the L. acidophilus group and to identify Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus salivarius. MseI-ARDRA generated unique patterns for all species of the L. acidophilus group, identifying Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus johnsonii, and Lactobacillus gallinarum among crop isolates. The results of our study provide comprehensive knowledge of the Lactobacillus microflora in the crops of birds of different ages using nucleic acid-based methods of detection and identification based on current taxonomic criteria.

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PrP Polymorphisms Associated with Natural Scrapie Discovered by Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis

Genomics ◽

10.1006/geno.1993.1006 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 30-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 112

Author(s):

J.L. Laplanche ◽

J. Chatelain ◽

D. Westaway ◽

S. Thomas ◽

M. Dussaucy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Natural Scrapie

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Identifikasi Biodeteriogen Sebagai Langkah Awal Konservasi Benda Cagar Budaya

Jurnal Konservasi Cagar Budaya ◽

10.33374/jurnalkonservasicagarbudaya.v10i2.151 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 23-30

Author(s):

Moh Habibi

Keyword(s):

Temperature Gradient ◽

Clone Library ◽

Ribosomal Dna ◽

Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Restriction Analysis ◽

Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism ◽

Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Dna Restriction ◽

Temperature Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Conformation Polymorphism

Indonesia mempunyai Benda Cagar Budaya (BCB) yang berlimpah. BCB tersebut dapat mengalami degradasi disebabkan mikroorganisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan mengenai teknik molecular yang digunakan untuk deteksi biodeteriogen pada benda cagar budaya. Teknik Molekuler yang dapat digunakan adalah Fingerprinting, meliputi DGGE (Denaturing Temperature Gradient Gel Electrophoresis), SSCP (Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism), ARDRA (Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis), dan Clone Library. Teknik ini mempunyai beberapa kelebihan, seperti tingkat presisi yang tinggi, lebih cepat digunakan, dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui peran biodeteriogen pada lingkungan.

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Analysis of Vaginal Lactobacilli from Healthy and Infected Brazilian Women

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.00284-08 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 74 (14) ◽

pp. 4539-4542 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Rafael C. R. Martinez ◽

Sílvio A. Franceschini ◽

Maristela C. Patta ◽

Silvana M. Quintana ◽

Álvaro C. Nunes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Vaginosis ◽

Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Restriction Analysis ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Vaginal Lactobacilli ◽

Culture Independent ◽

Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Gene Restriction ◽

Culture Dependent

ABSTRACT Culture-dependent PCR-amplified rRNA gene restriction analysis and culture-independent (PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) methodologies were used to examine vaginal lactobacilli from Brazilian women who were healthy or had been diagnosed with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) or bacterial vaginosis. Only Lactobacillus crispatus was detected accordingly by both methods, and H2O2-producing lactobacilli were not associated with protection against VVC.

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Inhibiting Methanogenesis in Rumen Batch Cultures Did Not Increase the Recovery of Metabolic Hydrogen in Microbial Amino Acids

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms7050115 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 115 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Emilio M. Ungerfeld ◽

M. Fernanda Aedo ◽

Emilio D. Martínez ◽

Marcelo Saldivia

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Energy Efficiency ◽

Microbial Community ◽

Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Microbial Community Composition ◽

Fermentation Products ◽

Batch Cultures ◽

Gradient Gel Electrophoresis

There is an interest in controlling rumen methanogenesis as an opportunity to both decrease the emissions of greenhouse gases and improve the energy efficiency of rumen fermentation. However, the effects of inhibiting rumen methanogenesis on fermentation are incompletely understood even in in vitro rumen cultures, as the recovery of metabolic hydrogen ([H]) in the main fermentation products consistently decreases with methanogenesis inhibition, evidencing the existence of unaccounted [H] sinks. We hypothesized that inhibiting methanogenesis in rumen batch cultures would redirect [H] towards microbial amino acids (AA) biosynthesis as an alternative [H] sink to methane (CH4). The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of eight inhibitors of methanogenesis on digestion, fermentation and the production of microbial biomass and AA in rumen batch cultures growing on cellulose. Changes in the microbial community composition were also studied using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Inhibiting methanogenesis did not cause consistent changes in fermentation or the profile of AA, although the effects caused by the different inhibitors generally associated with the changes in the microbial community that they induced. Under the conditions of this experiment, inhibiting methanogenesis did not increase the importance of microbial AA synthesis as a [H] sink.

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Allelopathic and Medicinal plant. 26. Millettia speciosa

Allelopathy Journal ◽

10.26651/allelo.j/2020-51-2-1295 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 125-146

Author(s):

Nasiruddin Nasiruddin ◽

Yu Zhangxin ◽

Ting Zhao Chen Guangying ◽

Minghui Ji

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Wiener Index ◽

Pseudomonas Spp ◽

Evenness Index ◽

Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Rhizosphere Pseudomonas

We grew cucumber in pots in greenhouse for 9-successive cropping cycles and analyzed the rhizosphere Pseudomonas spp. community structure and abundance by PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and quantitative PCR. Results showed that continuous monocropping changed the cucumber rhizosphere Pseudomonas spp. community. The number of DGGE bands, Shannon-Wiener index and Evenness index decreased during the 3rd cropping and thereafter, increased up to the 7th cropping, however, however, afterwards they decreased again. The abundance of Pseudomonas spp. increased up to the 5th successive cropping and then decreased gradually. These findings indicated that the structure and abundance of Pseudomonas spp. community changed with long-term cucumber monocropping, which might be linked to soil sickness caused by its continuous monocropping.

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