scholarly journals Lactobacillus mixtipabuli sp. nov. isolated from total mixed ration silage

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_6) ◽  
pp. 1981-1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masanori Tohno ◽  
Maki Kitahara ◽  
Tomohiro Irisawa ◽  
Hideyuki Ohmori ◽  
Takaharu Masuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Total Mixed Ration

Using a polyphasic taxonomic approach, we investigated three bacterial strains – IWT30T, IWT8 and IWT75 – isolated from total mixed ration silage prepared in Hachimantai, Iwate, Japan. The isolates comprised Gram-stain positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, catalase-negative, rod-shaped bacteria. Good growth occurred at 15–45 °C and at pH 4.0–7.5. Their major cellular fatty acids were C18:1ω9c and C19:1 cyclo 9,10.The G+C content of genomic DNA of strain IWT30T was 44.6 mol%. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that these novel strains belonged to the genus Lactobacillus. These strains shared 100 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and were most closely related to the type strains of Lactobacillus silagei, Lactobacillus odoratitofui, Lactobacillus similis, Lactobacillus collinoides, Lactobacillus paracollinoides and Lactobacillus kimchicus, with sequence similarity values of 99.5, 98.8, 98.7, 97.8, 97.8 and 96.8 %, respectively. The level of DNA–DNA relatedness between these strains and their closest phylogenetic neighbours was less than 30 %. On the basis of additional phylogenetic analysis of pheS and rpoA gene sequences and phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, we conclude that these three strains represent a novel species of the genus Lactobacillus, for which we propose the name Lactobacillus mixtipabuli sp. nov. The type strain is IWT30T ( = JCM 19805T = DSM 28580T).

scholarly journals Pedobacter lentus sp. nov. and Pedobacter terricola sp. nov., isolated from soil

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 2089-2095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Hoon Yoon ◽  
So-Jung Kang ◽  
Sooyeon Park ◽  
Tae-Kwang Oh
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Type Strains

Two Gram-negative, non-motile, pleomorphic bacterial strains, DS-40T and DS-45T, were isolated from a soil sample collected from Dokdo, Korea, and their exact taxonomic positions were investigated by using a polyphasic approach. Strains DS-40T and DS-45T grew optimally at 25 °C and pH 6.5–7.5 in the presence of 0–1.0 % (w/v) NaCl. They contained MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone and possessed iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH) as the major fatty acids. The DNA G+C contents of strains DS-40T and DS-45T were 36.0 and 36.8 mol%, respectively. Strains DS-40T and DS-45T shared a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 96.7 % and demonstrated a mean DNA–DNA relatedness level of 12 %. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strains DS-40T and DS-45T were most closely phylogenetically affiliated with the genus Pedobacter of the family Sphingobacteriaceae. Strains DS-40T and DS-45T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 91.4–93.7 and 89.9–91.6 % with respect to the type strains of Pedobacter and Sphingobacterium species, respectively. Phenotypic and chemotaxonomic properties, together with the phylogenetic data, support the assignment of strains DS-40T and DS-45T as two distinct species within the genus Pedobacter. On the basis of phenotypic, phylogenetic and genetic data, strains DS-40T and DS-45T represent two novel species of the genus Pedobacter, for which the names Pedobacter lentus sp. nov. and Pedobacter terricola sp. nov. are proposed, respectively. The respective type strains are DS-40T (=KCTC 12875T=JCM 14593T) and DS-45T (=KCTC 12876T=JCM 14594T).

scholarly journals Bacillus crescens sp. nov., isolated from soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_8) ◽  
pp. 2531-2536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Shivani ◽  
Y. Subhash ◽  
P. Dave. Bharti ◽  
Ch. Sasikala ◽  
Ch. V. Ramana
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Bacterial Strains

Two bacterial strains (JC247T and JC248) were isolated from soil samples collected from Rann of Kutch, Gujarat, India. Colonies of both strains were creamy white. Cells were Gram-stain-positive, rods-to-curved rods (crescent-shaped), and produced centrally located oval-shaped endospores. Major (>5 %) fatty acids of both strains were iso-C16  :  0, iso-C14  :  0, iso-C15  :  0, C16  :  1ω11c and C16  :  0, with minor ( < 5 but >1 %) amounts of anteiso-C15  :  0, anteiso-C17  :  0, iso-C16  :  1 H, iso-C17  :  0, iso-C18  :  0, C14  :  0, C17  :  0, C18  :  0, C18  :  1ω9c, iso-C17  :  1ω10c and anteiso-C17  :  0B/isoI. Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol were the major polar lipids of both strains. Cell-wall amino acids were l-alanine, d-alanine, d-glutamic acid and meso-diaminopimelic acid. The genomic DNA G+C content of strains JC247T and JC248 was 48.2 and 48.1 mol%, respectively. Both strains were closely related with mean DNA–DNA hybridization >90 %. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of both strains indicated that they are members of the genus Bacillus within the family Bacillaceae of the phylum Firmicutes. Both strains had a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 96.93 % with Bacillus firmus NCIMB 9366T and < 96.92 % with other members of the genus Bacillus. Sequence similarity between strain JC247T and JC248 was 100 %. Distinct morphological, physiological and genotypic differences from previously described taxa support the classification of strains JC247T and JC248 as representatives of a novel species of the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus crescens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JC247T ( = KCTC 33627T = LMG 28608T).

scholarly journals Paenibacillus humicus sp. nov., isolated from poultry litter compost

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 2267-2271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivone Vaz-Moreira ◽  
Cátia Faria ◽  
M. Fernanda Nobre ◽  
Peter Schumann ◽  
Olga C. Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Respiratory Quinone

Two bacterial strains, PC-142 and PC-147T, isolated from poultry litter compost, were characterized with respect to their phenetic and phylogenetic characteristics. The isolates were endospore-forming rods that were reddish in colour after Gram staining. They were catalase- and oxidase-positive, were able to degrade starch and gelatin and grew at 15–40 °C and pH 5.5–10.0. The predominant fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0, the major respiratory quinone was menaquinone MK-7, the cell-wall peptidoglycan was of the A1γ type and the G+C content of the DNA was 58 mol%. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and phenetic characterization indicated that these organisms belong to the genus Paenibacillus, with Paenibacillus pasadenensis SAFN-007T as the closest phylogenetic neighbour (97.5 %). Strains PC-142, PC-147T and P. pasadenensis SAFN-007T represent a novel lineage within the genus Paenibacillus, characterized by a high DNA G+C content (58–63 mol%). The low levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with respect to other taxa with validly published names and the identification of distinctive phenetic features in the two isolates indicate that strains PC-142 and PC-147T represent a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus humicus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PC-147T (=DSM 18784T =NBRC 102415T =LMG 23886T).

scholarly journals Burkholderia bannensis sp. nov., an acid-neutralizing bacterium isolated from torpedo grass (Panicum repens) growing in highly acidic swamps

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 1645-1650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Aizawa ◽  
Pisoot Vijarnsorn ◽  
Mutsuyasu Nakajima ◽  
Michio Sunairi
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Panicum Repens

Two strains of acid-neutralizing bacteria, E25T and E21, were isolated from torpedo grass (Panicum repens) growing in highly acidic swamps (pH 2–4) in actual acid sulfate soil areas of Thailand. Cells of the strains were Gram-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming rods, 0.6–0.8 µm wide and 1.6–2.1 µm long. The strains showed good growth at pH 4.0–8.0 and 17–37 °C. The organisms contained ubiquinone Q-8 as the predominant isoprenoid quinone and C16 : 0, C17 : 0 cyclo and C18 : 1ω7c as the major fatty acids. Their fatty acid profiles were similar to those reported for other Burkholderia species. The DNA G+C content of the strains was 65 mol%. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, the strains were shown to belong to the genus Burkholderia. Although the calculated 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of E25T to strain E21 and the type strains of Burkholderia unamae, B. tropica, B. sacchari, B. nodosa and B. mimosarum was 100, 98.7, 98.6, 97.6, 97.4 and 97.3 %, respectively, strains E25T and E21 formed a group that was distinct in the phylogenetic tree; the DNA–DNA relatedness of E25T to E21 and B. unamae CIP 107921T, B. tropica LMG 22274T, B. sacchari LMG 19450T, B. nodosa LMG 23741T and B. mimosarum LMG 23256T was 90, 42, 42, 42, 45 and 35 %, respectively. The results of physiological and biochemical tests including whole-cell protein pattern analysis allowed phenotypic differentiation of these strains from previously described Burkholderia species. Therefore, strains E25T and E21 represent a novel species, for which the name Burkholderia bannensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is E25T ( = NBRC 103871T  = BCC 36998T).

scholarly journals Salibacterium halotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov., a bacterium isolated from a salt pan, reclassification of Bacillus qingdaonensis as Salibacterium qingdaonense comb. nov. and Bacillus halochares as Salibacterium halochares comb. nov.

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_11) ◽  
pp. 4270-4275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sultanpuram Vishnuvardhan Reddy ◽  
Mothe Thirumala ◽  
Chintalapati Sasikala ◽  
Chintalapati Venkata Ramana
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Biochemical Tests

Two novel Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, non-motile, non-endospore-forming bacterial strains, S7T and IB5, were isolated from Khavda, India. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis they were identified as belonging to the class Bacilli, order Bacillales, family Bacillaceae, and were most closely related to Bacillus qingdaonensis CGMCC 1.6134T (97.3 %, sequence similarity), Bacillus halochares LMG 24571T (96.9 %), Bacillus salarius KCTC 3912T (95.6 %) and Bacillus aidingensis DSM 18341T (95.3 %). However, these strains shared only 88.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis DSM 10T, indicating that strains S7T and IB5 might not be members of the genus Bacillus. The DNA–DNA relatedness of these strains with B. qingdaonensis CGMCC 1.6134T was 42.9 ± 0.8. The cell-wall peptidoglycan of strains S7T and IB5 contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, while the polar lipids included diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, a phospholipid and three unknown lipids. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. anteiso-C15 : 0 was the predominant fatty acid. The results of the phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and biochemical tests allowed a clear differentiation of strains S7T and IB5, suggesting that they represent a novel member of the family Bacillaceae, for which the name Salibacterium halotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Salibacterium halotolerans is S7T ( = KCTC 33658T = CGMCC 1.15324T). Based on the results of the present study, it is also suggested that B. qingdaonensis and B. halochares should be transferred to this novel genus, as Salibacterium qingdaonense comb. nov. and Salibacterium halochares comb. nov., respectively.

scholarly journals Sphingomonas azotifigens sp. nov., a nitrogen-fixing bacterium isolated from the roots of Oryza sativa

2006 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 889-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Hui Xie ◽  
Akira Yokota
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Bacterial Strains

Three yellow-pigmented strains associated with rice plants were characterized by using a polyphasic approach. The nitrogen-fixing abilities of these strains were confirmed by acetylene reduction assay and nifH gene detection. The three strains were found to be very closely related, with 99·9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and greater than 70 % DNA–DNA hybridization values, suggesting that the three strains represent a single species. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the strains were closely related to Sphingomonas trueperi, with 99·5 % similarity. The chemotaxonomic characteristics (G+C content of the DNA of 68·0 mol%, ubiquinone Q-10 system, 2-OH as the only hydroxy fatty acid and homospermidine as the sole polyamine) were similar to those of members of the genus Sphingomonas. Based on DNA–DNA hybridization values and physiological characteristics, the three novel strains could be differentiated from other recognized species of the genus Sphingomonas. The name Sphingomonas azotifigens sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate these bacterial strains; the type strain is Y39T (=NBRC 15497T=IAM 15283T=CCTCC AB205007T).

Labrys wisconsinensis sp. nov., a budding bacterium isolated from Lake Michigan water, and emended description of the genus Labrys

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 1570-1576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Albert ◽  
Nancy E. Waas ◽  
Stefan Langer ◽  
Shawn C. Pavlons ◽  
Jamie L. Feldner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Bacterial Strains

Two facultatively anaerobic, budding bacterial strains, designated W1215-PCA4T and SRNK-1, were isolated from water from Lake Michigan, USA. The two strains showed identical ERIC-PCR-generated genomic fingerprints and shared 99.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. Strain W1215-PCA4T showed highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to Labrys monachus VKM B-1479T (95.8 %), Labrys methylaminiphilus DSM 16812T (95.1 %), Labrys okinawensis MAFF 210191T (96.0 %), Labrys miyagiensis G24103T (95.4 %), Labrys neptuniae BCRC 17578T (95.7 %) and Labrys portucalensis DSM 17916T (95.8 %). Data suggested that the two strains were members of a single novel species of the genus Labrys. The major cellular fatty acids of the two isolates were C18 : 1 ω7c, C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c and C16 : 0. Their polar lipid profiles were highly similar to that of Labrys monachus DSM 5896T. The primary quinone was ubiquinone Q-10, with minor amounts of Q-9 and Q-11. sym-Homospermidine was the predominant polyamine, with putrescine present in moderate amounts. The two strains were identical in terms of their biochemical and physiological traits, but were distinguishable from other species of the genus Labrys. Hence, the description of a novel species in this genus appears to be justified. The name Labrys wisconsinensis sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is W1215-PCA4T (=DSM 19619T=NRRL B-51088T).

scholarly journals Lysobacter korlensis sp. nov. and Lysobacter bugurensis sp. nov., isolated from soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 2259-2265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Juan Bai ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Gao-Lin Wu ◽  
Jun Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Sequence Similarities

Two Gram-reaction-negative, rod-shaped, gliding, yellow-pigmented bacterial strains, designated ZLD-17T and ZLD-29T, were isolated from arid soil samples collected from Xinjiang Province, north-west China, and subjected to analysis using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Both novel strains required 1.0–2.0 % (w/v) sea salts for optimal growth. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that these two strains belong to the genus Lysobacter within the class Gammaproteobacteria. Strain ZLD-17T showed highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to Lysobacter capsici KCTC 22007T (96.9 %), Lysobacter spongiicola DSM 21749T (96.8 %) and Lysobacter koreensis KCTC 12204T (96.8 %), whereas strain ZLD-29T showed highest sequence similarities to Lysobacter niastensis DSM 18481T (96.0 %) and Lysobacter enzymogenes DSM 2043T (95.9 %). 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between ZLD-17T and ZLD-29T was 96.1 %. The DNA G+C contents of strains ZLD-17T and ZLD-29T were 67.9 and 68.2 mol%, respectively. The major cellular fatty acids of both strains were summed feature 3 (iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1ω7c), iso-C17 : 1ω9c, iso-C16 : 0, C16 : 0 and iso-C11 : 0 3-OH; their predominant isoprenoid quinone was Q-8 and their major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. Based on their phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic position as determined by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and chemotaxonomic data, strains ZLD-17T ( = CCTCC AB 207174T  = KCTC 23076T) and ZLD-29T ( = CCTCC AB 207175T = KCTC 23077T) represent two novel species of the genus Lysobacter, for which the names Lysobacter korlensis sp. nov. and Lysobacter bugurensis sp. nov. are proposed, respectively.

scholarly journals Streptomonospora litoralis sp. nov., a halophilic thiopeptides producer isolated from sand collected at Cuxhaven beach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shadi Khodamoradi ◽  
Richard L. Hahnke ◽  
Yvonne Mast ◽  
Peter Schumann ◽  
Peter Kämpfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Biosynthetic Gene Cluster ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Polar Lipid Profile

AbstractStrain M2T was isolated from the beach of Cuxhaven, Wadden Sea, Germany, in course of a program to attain new producers of bioactive natural products. Strain M2T produces litoralimycin and sulfomycin-type thiopeptides. Bioinformatic analysis revealed a potential biosynthetic gene cluster encoding for the M2T thiopeptides. The strain is Gram-stain-positive, rod shaped, non-motile, spore forming, showing a yellow colony color and forms extensively branched substrate mycelium and aerial hyphae. Inferred from the 16S rRNA gene phylogeny strain M2T affiliates with the genus Streptomonospora. It shows 96.6% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to the type species Streptomonospora salina DSM 44593 T and forms a distinct branch with Streptomonospora sediminis DSM 45723 T with 97.0% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. Genome-based phylogenetic analysis revealed that M2T is closely related to Streptomonospora alba YIM 90003 T with a digital DNA-DNA hybridisation (dDDH) value of 26.6%. The predominant menaquinones of M2T are MK-10(H6), MK-10(H8), and MK-11(H6) (> 10%). Major cellular fatty acids are iso-C16:0, anteiso C17:0 and C18:0 10-methyl. The polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol phosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, three glycolipids, two unknown phospholipids, and two unknown lipids. The genome size of type strain M2T is 5,878,427 bp with 72.1 mol % G + C content. Based on the results obtained from phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic studies, strain M2T (= DSM 106425 T = NCCB 100650 T) is considered to represent a novel species within the genus Streptomonospora for which the name Streptomonospora litoralis sp. nov. is proposed.

scholarly journals Faecalicoccus acidiformans gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the chicken caecum, and reclassification of Streptococcus pleomorphus (Barnes et al. 1977), Eubacterium biforme (Eggerth 1935) and Eubacterium cylindroides (Cato et al. 1974) as Faecalicoccus pleomorphus comb. nov., Holdemanella biformis gen. nov., comb. nov. and Faecalitalea cylindroides gen. nov., comb. nov., respectively, within the family Erysipelotrichaceae

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_11) ◽  
pp. 3877-3884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celine De Maesschalck ◽  
Filip Van Immerseel ◽  
Venessa Eeckhaut ◽  
Siegrid De Baere ◽  
Margo Cnockaert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type

Strains LMG 27428T and LMG 27427 were isolated from the caecal content of a chicken and produced butyric, lactic and formic acids as major metabolic end products. The genomic DNA G+C contents of strains LMG 27428T and LMG 27427 were 40.4 and 38.8 mol%. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, both strains were most closely related to the generically misclassified Streptococcus pleomorphus ATCC 29734T. Strain LMG 27428T could be distinguished from S. pleomorphus ATCC 29734T based on production of more lactic acid and less formic acid in M2GSC medium, a higher DNA G+C content and the absence of activities of acid phosphatase and leucine, arginine, leucyl glycine, pyroglutamic acid, glycine and histidine arylamidases, while strain LMG 27428 was biochemically indistinguishable from S. pleomorphus ATCC 29734T. The novel genus Faecalicoccus gen. nov. within the family Erysipelotrichaceae is proposed to accommodate strains LMG 27428T and LMG 27427. Strain LMG 27428T ( = DSM 26963T) is the type strain of Faecalicoccus acidiformans sp. nov., and strain LMG 27427 ( = DSM 26962) is a strain of Faecalicoccus pleomorphus comb. nov. (type strain LMG 17756T = ATCC 29734T = DSM 20574T). Furthermore, the nearest phylogenetic neighbours of the genus Faecalicoccus are the generically misclassified Eubacterium cylindroides DSM 3983T (94.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to strain LMG 27428T) and Eubacterium biforme DSM 3989T (92.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to strain LMG 27428T). We present genotypic and phenotypic data that allow the differentiation of each of these taxa and propose to reclassify these generically misnamed species of the genus Eubacterium formally as Faecalitalea cylindroides gen. nov., comb. nov. and Holdemanella biformis gen. nov., comb. nov., respectively. The type strain of Faecalitalea cylindroides is DSM 3983T = ATCC 27803T = JCM 10261T and that of Holdemanella biformis is DSM 3989T = ATCC 27806T = CCUG 28091T.

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