scholarly journals Negligible effect of chicken cytokine IL-12 integration into recombinant fowlpox viruses expressing avian influenza virus neuraminidase N1 on host cellular immune responses

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (7) ◽  
pp. 772-777
Author(s):  
Nadzreeq Nor Majid ◽  
Abdul Rahman Omar ◽  
Abdul Razak Mariatulqabtiah
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Influenza Virus Neuraminidase ◽  
Cellular Immune

In comparison to the extensive characterization of haemagglutinin antibodies of avian influenza virus (AIV), the role of neuraminidase (NA) as an immunogen is less well understood. This study describes the construction and cellular responses of recombinant fowlpox viruses (rFWPV) strain FP9, co-expressing NA N1 gene of AIV A/Chicken/Malaysia/5858/2004, and chicken IL-12 gene. Our data shows that the N1 and IL-12 proteins were successfully expressed from the recombinants with 48 kD and 70 kD molecular weights, respectively. Upon inoculation into specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens at 105 p.f.u. ml−1, levels of CD3+/CD4+ and CD3+/CD8+ populations were higher in the wild-type fowlpox virus FP9 strain, compared to those of rFWPV-N1 and rFWPV-N1-IL-12 at weeks 2 and 5 time points. Furthermore, rFWPV-N1-IL-12 showed a suppressive effect on chicken body weight within 4 weeks after inoculation. We suggest that co-expression of N1 with or without IL-12 offers undesirable quality as a potential AIV vaccine candidate.

scholarly journals Role of aflatoxin toxicity on transmissibility and pathogenicity of H9N2 avian influenza virus in turkeys

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajid Umar ◽  
Muhammad Younus ◽  
Muti Ur Rehman ◽  
Asim Aslam ◽  
Muhammad Ali Abdullah Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
H9n2 Avian Influenza Virus

scholarly journals Protection of cats against lethal influenza H5N1 challenge infection

2008 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 968-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas W. Vahlenkamp ◽  
Timm C. Harder ◽  
Matthias Giese ◽  
Fengsheng Lin ◽  
Jens P. Teifke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
Influenza Virus Vaccine ◽  
Challenge Infection ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Human Patient ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus

Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 of Asian origin continues to circulate in poultry and wild birds, causing considerable concern for veterinary and public health in Asia, Europe and Africa. Natural transmission of HPAIV H5N1 from poultry to humans, resulting in infections associated with high mortality, and from poultry or wild birds to large felids and domestic cats has been reported. Experimental infection of cats with HPAIV H5N1 derived from a human patient resulted in lethal disease. The role of cats in the adaptation of HPAIV H5N1 to mammals and vaccination regimens for the eventual protection of cats, however, remain to be elucidated. Here, it was shown that cats can be protected against a lethal high-dose challenge infection by an inactivated, adjuvanted heterologous H5N6 avian influenza virus vaccine. The challenge HPAIV H5N1 was derived from a naturally infected cat. In non-vaccinated cats, low-dose exposure resulted in asymptomatic infections with minimal virus excretion. As diseased cats can transmit the infection to naïve contact animals, the epidemiological role of H5N1-infected cats in endemically infected areas as a link between wild birds, poultry and humans needs close inspection, and vaccination of cats should be considered to reduce possible human exposure.

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