scholarly journals Isolation and cloning of two variant papillomaviruses from domestic pigs: Sus scrofa papillomaviruses type 1 variants a and b

2008 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. 2475-2481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Stevens ◽  
Annabel Rector ◽  
Kees Van Der Kroght ◽  
Marc Van Ranst
Keyword(s):  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
Transposon Insertion ◽  
Insertion Method ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Alignment ◽  
L1 And L2 ◽  
Similarity Searches ◽  
Sus Scrofa Domestica

The healthy skin of two female domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domestica) was sampled with cotton-tipped swabs. Total genomic DNA was extracted from the samples and subjected to PCR with degenerate papillomavirus (PV)-specific primers. Similarity searches performed with blastn showed that partial E1 and L1 sequences of two novel PVs were amplified. Subsequently, the complete genomes of these Sus scrofa papillomaviruses (SsPVs) were amplified by long-template PCR, cloned and sequenced using a transposon insertion method. They contained the typical PV open reading frames (ORFs) E1, E2, E4, E6, L1 and L2, but the E7 ORF was absent in both viruses. Pairwise nucleotide sequence alignment of the L1 ORFs of the SsPVs showed 98.5 % similarity, classifying these viruses as SsPV type 1 ‘variants’ (SsPV-1a and -1b). Based on a concatenated alignment of the E1, E2, L1 and L2 ORFs of SsPV-1 variants a and b, and 81 other human and animal PV type species, a neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree was constructed. This phylogenetic analysis showed that the SsPV-1a and -1b variants did not cluster with the other PVs of artiodactyls (cloven-hoofed) host species, but clustered on the edge of the genus Alphapapillomavirus, very near to the root of this genus.

scholarly journals Are domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domestica) able to use complex human-given cues to find a hidden reward?

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Nawroth ◽  
M Ebersbach ◽  
E Von Borell
Keyword(s):  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
Sus Scrofa Domestica

scholarly journals A Novel Virus Detected in Papillomas and Carcinomas of the Endangered Western Barred Bandicoot (Perameles bougainville) Exhibits Genomic Features of both the Papillomaviridae and Polyomaviridae

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (24) ◽  
pp. 13280-13290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Woolford ◽  
Annabel Rector ◽  
Marc Van Ranst ◽  
Andrea Ducki ◽  
Mark D. Bennett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rolling Circle Amplification ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Nonstructural Proteins ◽  
T Antigens ◽  
Virus Family ◽  
Rolling Circle ◽  
Large Genome Size ◽  
Novel Virus ◽  
L1 And L2

ABSTRACT Conservation efforts to prevent the extinction of the endangered western barred bandicoot (Perameles bougainville) are currently hindered by a progressively debilitating cutaneous and mucocutaneous papillomatosis and carcinomatosis syndrome observed in captive and wild populations. In this study, we detected a novel virus, designated the bandicoot papillomatosis carcinomatosis virus type 1 (BPCV1), in lesional tissue from affected western barred bandicoots using multiply primed rolling-circle amplification and PCR with the cutaneotropic papillomavirus primer pairs FAP59/FAP64 and AR-L1F8/AR-L1R9. Sequencing of the BPCV1 genome revealed a novel prototype virus exhibiting genomic properties of both the Papillomaviridae and the Polyomaviridae. Papillomaviral properties included a large genome size (∼7.3 kb) and the presence of open reading frames (ORFs) encoding canonical L1 and L2 structural proteins. The genomic organization in which structural and nonstructural proteins were encoded on different strands of the double-stranded genome and the presence of ORFs encoding the nonstructural proteins large T and small t antigens were, on the other hand, typical polyomaviral features. BPCV1 may represent the first member of a novel virus family, descended from a common ancestor of the papillomaviruses and polyomaviruses recognized today. Alternatively, it may represent the product of ancient recombination between members of these two virus families. The discovery of this virus could have implications for the current taxonomic classification of Papillomaviridae and Polyomaviridae and can provide further insight into the evolution of these ancient virus families.

scholarly journals Juvenile domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domestica) use human-given cues in an object choice task

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 701-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Nawroth ◽  
Mirjam Ebersbach ◽  
Eberhard von Borell
Keyword(s):  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Choice Task ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
Object Choice ◽  
Object Choice Task ◽  
Sus Scrofa Domestica

scholarly journals Meiotic Recombination Analyses of Individual Chromosomes in Male Domestic Pigs (Sus scrofa domestica)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e99123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Mary ◽  
Harmonie Barasc ◽  
Stéphane Ferchaud ◽  
Yvon Billon ◽  
Frédéric Meslier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meiotic Recombination ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
Sus Scrofa Domestica

scholarly journals A note on pigs’ knowledge of hidden objects

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 861-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Nawroth ◽  
M. Ebersbach ◽  
E. von Borell
Keyword(s):  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Object Permanence ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Abstract Object ◽  
Test Setup ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Sus Scrofa Domestica

Abstract. Object permanence is the notion that objects continue to exist even when they are out of observer´s sight. This ability is adaptive not only for free ranging animals who have to cope with a dangerous and highly changeable environment, allowing them to be aware of predators sneaking in their proximity or to keep track of conspecifics or food sources, even when out of sight. Farm animals, too, might profit from object permanence as the ability to follow the trajectory of hidden food or objects may lead to a higher predictability of subjects' environment, which in turn might affect the level of stress under husbandry conditions. We conducted two experiments to examine the ability of object permanence in young domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domestica). For this purpose we used a test setup that was formerly developed for primates and adopted it to the behavioural constraints of pigs. A rewarded object was hidden in one of three hiding locations with an increasing complexity of the objects movement through successive test sessions. Subjects were confronted with visible and invisible displacement tasks as well as with transpositions of hidden objects in different contextual settings. Pigs solved visible, but not invisible displacements or transpositions, indicating that they have difficulties to keep track of once hidden and then moved objects. This should be taken into account when designing husbandry environments or study designs.

Experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infections in domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domestica)

1970 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.D. Marsden ◽  
E.J. Blackie ◽  
M.E. Rosenberg ◽  
D.S. Ridley ◽  
Jack W.C. Hagstrom
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
Sus Scrofa Domestica
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