scholarly journals Neurotrophic Factor-Laden Acellular Chondroitin Sulfate Scaffolds Promote Chronic Functional Recovery After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles-Francois V. Latchoumane ◽  
Martha I. Betancur ◽  
Gregory A. Simchick ◽  
Min Kyoung Sun ◽  
Rameen Forghani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Chondroitin Sulfate ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Growth Factor Signaling ◽  
Reach To Grasp ◽  
Function Recovery ◽  
The Brain

ABSTRACTSevere traumatic brain injury (sTBI) survivors experience permanent functional disabilities due to significant volume loss and the brain’s poor capacity to regenerate. Chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans (CS-GAGs) are key regulators of growth factor signaling and neural stem cell homeostasis in the brain. However, the efficacy of engineered CS (eCS) matrices in mediating structural and functional recovery after sTBI has not been investigated. We report that neurotrophic factor functionalized acellular eCS matrices implanted into the rat M1 region acutely post-sTBI, significantly enhanced cellular repair and gross motor function recovery when compared to controls, 20 weeks post-sTBI. Animals subjected to M2 region injuries followed by eCS matrix implantations, demonstrated the significant recovery of ‘reach-to-grasp’ function. This was attributed to enhanced volumetric vascularization, activity-regulated cytoskeleton (Arc) protein expression, and perilesional sensorimotor connectivity. These findings indicate that eCS matrices implanted acutely post-sTBI can support complex cellular, vascular, and neuronal circuit repair, chronically after sTBI.

scholarly journals Engineered glycomaterial implants orchestrate large-scale functional repair of brain tissue chronically after severe traumatic brain injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. eabe0207
Author(s):  
Charles-Francois V. Latchoumane ◽  
Martha I. Betancur ◽  
Gregory A. Simchick ◽  
Min Kyoung Sun ◽  
Rameen Forghani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Growth Factor Signaling ◽  
Neuronal Circuit ◽  
Reach To Grasp ◽  
Function Recovery ◽  
Cellular Repair ◽  
The Brain

Severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) survivors experience permanent functional disabilities due to significant volume loss and the brain’s poor capacity to regenerate. Chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans (CS-GAGs) are key regulators of growth factor signaling and neural stem cell homeostasis in the brain. However, the efficacy of engineered CS (eCS) matrices in mediating structural and functional recovery chronically after sTBI has not been investigated. We report that neurotrophic factor functionalized acellular eCS matrices implanted into the rat M1 region acutely after sTBI significantly enhanced cellular repair and gross motor function recovery when compared to controls 20 weeks after sTBI. Animals subjected to M2 region injuries followed by eCS matrix implantations demonstrated the significant recovery of “reach-to-grasp” function. This was attributed to enhanced volumetric vascularization, activity-regulated cytoskeleton (Arc) protein expression, and perilesional sensorimotor connectivity. These findings indicate that eCS matrices implanted acutely after sTBI can support complex cellular, vascular, and neuronal circuit repair chronically after sTBI.

Keep the Brain Cool—Endovascular Cooling in Patients With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Case Series Study

Neurosurgery ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 867-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlene Fischer ◽  
Peter Lackner ◽  
Ronny Beer ◽  
Raimund Helbok ◽  
Stephanie Klien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Brain Cool ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Endovascular Cooling ◽  
Series Study ◽  
The Brain

Correlation between neurotrophic factor expression and outcome of children with severe traumatic brain injury

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1329-1338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Chiaretti ◽  
Marco Piastra ◽  
Giancarlo Polidori ◽  
Concezio Di Rocco ◽  
Elena Caresta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Factor Expression

scholarly journals Decompressive Craniectomy for Elevated Intracranial Pressure and Its Effect on the Cumulative Ischemic Burden and Therapeutic Intensity Levels After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Neurosurgery ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 1111-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory M. Weiner ◽  
Michelle R. Lacey ◽  
Larami Mackenzie ◽  
Darshak P. Shah ◽  
Suzanne G. Frangos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Decompressive Craniectomy ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Severe Tbi ◽  
Therapeutic Intensity ◽  
The Brain

Abstract BACKGROUND Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) can cause brain ischemia and compromised brain oxygen (PbtO2 ≤ 20 mm Hg) after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). OBJECTIVE We examined whether decompressive craniectomy (DC) to treat elevated ICP reduces the cumulative ischemic burden (CIB) of the brain and therapeutic intensity level (TIL). METHODS Ten severe TBI patients (mean age, 31.4 ± 14.2 years) who had continuous PbtO2 monitoring before and after delayed DC were retrospectively identified. Patients were managed according to the guidelines for the management of severe TBI. The CIB was measured as the total time spent between a PbtO2 of 15 to 20, 10 to 15, and 0 to 10 mm Hg. The TIL was calculated every 12 hours. Mixed-effects models were used to estimate changes associated with DC. RESULTS DC was performed on average 2.8 days after admission. DC was found to immediately reduce ICP (mean [SEM] decrease was 7.86 mm Hg [2.4 mm Hg]; P = .005). TIL, which was positively correlated with ICP (r = 0.46, P ≤ .001), was reduced within 12 hours after surgery and continued to improve within the postsurgical monitoring period (P ≤ .001). The duration and severity of CIB were significantly reduced as an effect of DC in this group. The overall mortality rate in the group of 10 patients was lower than predicted at the time of admission (P = .015). CONCLUSION These results suggest that a DC for increased ICP can reduce the CIB of the brain after severe TBI. We suggest that DC be considered early in a patient's clinical course, particularly when the TIL and ICP are increased.

scholarly journals Functional recovery after moderate/severe traumatic brain injury: A role for cognitive reserve?

Neurology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 82 (18) ◽  
pp. 1636-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. B. Schneider ◽  
S. Sur ◽  
V. Raymont ◽  
J. Duckworth ◽  
R. G. Kowalski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Reserve
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