scholarly journals Detecting unreported recalls in memory experiments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Fumarola ◽  
Zhengqi He ◽  
Łukasz Kuśmierz ◽  
Taro Toyoizumi
Keyword(s):  
Free Recall ◽  
Minimal Model ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Recency Effect ◽  
Final Item

AbstractWe investigate the role of discarded memory retrievals in experiments on free recall from lists of items. Such retrievals are not explicitly reported but testable predictions can be derived by assuming that they correlate with a delay in the timings of recall. We report on three situations where such a delay occurs: if the final item was already recalled (“silent recency effect”); if the item that, within the list, follows the latest recalled item was already recalled (“silent contiguity effect”); and in sequential recalls within highly performing trials (“sequential slowdown”). All these effects can be reproduced by a minimal model where the discarding of memories (“bouncing”) occurs either if they are repetitious or, in strategically organized trials, if they are not sequential. Based on our findings we propose various approaches to further probing the submerged dynamics of memory retrieval.

Investigating the role of emotion in delayed free recall

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aisha P. Siddiqui ◽  
Nash Unsworth
Keyword(s):  
Free Recall

scholarly journals From hippocampus to whole-brain: The role of integrative processing in episodic memory retrieval

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 2242-2259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin R. Geib ◽  
Matthew L. Stanley ◽  
Nancy A. Dennis ◽  
Marty G. Woldorff ◽  
Roberto Cabeza
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Integrative Processing

Role of clustering in free recall.

1970 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Richard Puff
Keyword(s):  
Free Recall

Role of cholinergic receptors in memory retrieval depends on gender and age of memory

2017 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habiba Rashid ◽  
Aamra Mahboob ◽  
Touqeer Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Cholinergic Receptors ◽  
Gender And Age

scholarly journals Role of aging in a minimal model of earthquakes

2013 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. M. Braun ◽  
Michel Peyrard
Keyword(s):  
Minimal Model

Role of Single Word Variables in Recall of Statistical Approximations to English

1966 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 627-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari J. K. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Free Recall ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Order Of Approximation ◽  
Single Word ◽  
First Order ◽  
Original Order ◽  
Sequential Organization ◽  
The Individual

Free recall of lists at different orders of approximation to English was compared to the recall of the same lists when the order of the words had been scrambled to destroy their sequential organization. Recall of the organized lists showed the typical improvement with increasing order of approximation. Recall of the scrambled lists was unrelated to the original order of approximation. The results indicate that increased recall with increasing order of approximation to English is not produced by systematic differences in the characteristics of the individual words comprising the approximations. When recall of the organized lists was scored in terms of the number of longer sequences present in recall, the number of recalled sequences of any given length increased as order of approximation to English increased, with the first order list showing proportionally less organization in recall than the second and higher order lists.

scholarly journals The limits of visual working memory in children: exploring prioritization and recency effects with sequential presentation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ed David John Berry ◽  
Amanda Waterman ◽  
Alan D. Baddeley ◽  
Graham J. Hitch ◽  
Richard John Allen
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Serial Position ◽  
Visual Working Memory ◽  
Recency Effect ◽  
Sequential Presentation ◽  
Total N ◽  
Recency Effects ◽  
Final Item ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Automatic Memory

Recent research has demonstrated that, when instructed to prioritize a serial position in visual working memory, adults are able to boost performance for this selected item, at a cost to non-prioritized items (e.g. Hu et al., 2014). While executive control appears to play an important role in this ability, the increased likelihood of recalling the most recently presented item (i.e. the recency effect) is relatively automatic, possibly driven by perceptual mechanisms. In three experiments 7 to 10-year-old’s ability to prioritize items in working memory was investigated using a sequential visual task (total N = 208). The relationship between individual differences in working memory and performance on the experimental task was also explored. Participants were unable to prioritize the first (Experiments 1 & 2) or final (Experiment 3) item in a 3-item sequence, while large recency effects for the final item were consistently observed across all experiments. The absence of a priority boost across three experiments indicates that children may not have the necessary executive resources to prioritize an item within a visual sequence, when directed to do so. In contrast, the consistent recency boosts for the final item indicate that children show automatic memory benefits for the most recently encountered stimulus. Finally, for the baseline condition in which children were instructed to remember all three items equally, additional working memory measures predicted performance at the first and second but not the third serial position, further supporting the proposed automaticity of the recency effect in visual working memory.

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