scholarly journals Genetic continuity of Indo-Iranian speakers since the Iron Age in southern Central Asia.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Perle C. P. Guarino-Vignon ◽  
Nina Marchi ◽  
Julio Bendezu-Sarmiento ◽  
Evelyne Heyer ◽  
Celine Bon
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
South Asian Population ◽  
South Central ◽  
Genome Wide Data ◽  
Southern Central ◽  
Genetic Continuity ◽  
Linguistic Groups

Since prehistoric times, South Central Asia has been at the crossroads of the movement of people, culture, and goods. Today, the Central Asia's populations are divided into two cultural and linguistic groups: the Indo-Iranian and the Turko-Mongolian groups. Previous genetic studies unveiled that migrations from East Asia contributed to the spread of Turko-Mongolian populations in Central Asia and the partial replacement of the Indo-Iranian population. However, little is known about the origin of the latter. To shed light on this, we compare the genetic data on two current-day populations - Yaghnobis and Tajiks - with genome-wide data from published ancient individuals. The present Indo-Iranian populations from Central Asia display a strong genetic continuity with Iron Age samples from Turkmenistan and Tajikistan. We model Yaghnobis as a mixture of 93% Iron Age individual from Turkmenistan and 7% from Baikal. For the Tajiks, we observe a higher Baikal ancestry and an additional admixture event with a South Asian population. Our results, therefore, suggest that in addition to a complex history, Central Asia shows a remarkable genetic continuity since the Iron Age, with only limited gene flow.

scholarly journals Genetic continuity of Indo-Iranian speakers since the Iron Age in southern Central Asia

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Perle Guarino-Vignon ◽  
Nina Marchi ◽  
Julio Bendezu-Sarmiento ◽  
Evelyne Heyer ◽  
Céline Bon
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
South Asian Population ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
Genome Wide Data ◽  
Southern Central ◽  
Genetic Continuity ◽  
Iranian Populations

AbstractSince prehistoric times, southern Central Asia has been at the crossroads of the movement of people, culture, and goods. Today, the Central Asian populations are divided into two cultural and linguistic groups: the Indo-Iranian and the Turko-Mongolian groups. Previous genetic studies unveiled that migrations from East Asia contributed to the spread of Turko-Mongolian populations in Central Asia and the partial replacement of the Indo-Iranian populations. However, little is known about the origin of the latters. To shed light on this, we compare the genetic data on two current-day Indo-Iranian populations — Yaghnobis and Tajiks — with genome-wide data from published ancient individuals. The present Indo-Iranian populations from Central Asia display a strong genetic continuity with Iron Age samples from Turkmenistan and Tajikistan. We model Yaghnobis as a mixture of 93% Iron Age individual from Turkmenistan and 7% from Baikal. For the Tajiks, we observe a higher Baikal ancestry and an additional admixture event with a South Asian population. Our results, therefore, suggest that in addition to a complex history, Central Asia shows a remarkable genetic continuity since the Iron Age, with only limited gene flow.

scholarly journals The genetic legacy of continental scale admixture in Indian Austroasiatic speakers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Tätte ◽  
Luca Pagani ◽  
Ajai K. Pathak ◽  
Sulev Kõks ◽  
Binh Ho Duy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Asians ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
South Asian Population ◽  
Southeast Asians ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genome Wide Data ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Source Populations ◽  
Austroasiatic Languages

AbstractSurrounded by speakers of Indo-European, Dravidian and Tibeto-Burman languages, around 11 million Munda (a branch of Austroasiatic language family) speakers live in the densely populated and genetically diverse South Asia. Their genetic makeup holds components characteristic of South Asians as well as Southeast Asians. The admixture time between these components has been previously estimated on the basis of archaeology, linguistics and uniparental markers. Using genome-wide genotype data of 102 Munda speakers and contextual data from South and Southeast Asia, we retrieved admixture dates between 2000 – 3800 years ago for different populations of Munda. The best modern proxies for the source populations for the admixture with proportions 0.78/0.22 are Lao people from Laos and Dravidian speakers from Kerala in India, while the South Asian population(s), with whom the incoming Southeast Asians intermixed, had a smaller proportion of West Eurasian component than contemporary proxies. Somewhat surprisingly Malaysian Peninsular tribes rather than the geographically closer Austroasiatic languages speakers like Vietnamese and Cambodians show highest sharing of IBD segments with the Munda. In addition, we affirmed that the grouping of the Munda speakers into North and South Munda based on linguistics is in concordance with genome-wide data.

Back to the Iron Age Chronology in Southern Central Asia

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-377
Author(s):  
Bertille Lyonnet ◽  
Michel Fontugne
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
Southern Central

Abstract The article reconsiders two major sites of the 1st millennium BC in southern Uzbekistan, Kyzyltepa and Kurganzol. It contests their recent dating – exclusively the Achaemenid and transitional Hellenistic period for the first one, and the end of the 4th c. BC for the second one – mainly based upon dendrochronological analyses relating the samples to the time of Alexander the Great’s conquest or slightly before, and ruling out the other dates given to these sites in previous publications. Our argumentation is based upon (1) various archaeological arguments and (2) scientific criteria that question the dendrochronological data and the supposed aging of the 14C results due to “old waters” from glaciers.

Central Asia and the Interaction between the Iranian Plateau and the Steppes in Late First Millennium BC

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 331-353
Author(s):  
Johanna Lhuillier ◽  
Julio Bendezu-Sarmiento
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Stratigraphic Sequence ◽  
Iranian Plateau ◽  
Southern Central ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
Middle Iron Age

AbstractResearch led by the joint French-Turkmen Archaeological Expedition (MAFTur) at Ulug-depe have brought to light the longest continuous stratigraphic sequence of southern Central Asia, starting from the Late Neolithic up to the Middle Iron Age. During the last fieldwork seasons, a later, still poorly-known occupation has been identified: after its abandonment at the end of the Middle Iron Age period, Ulug-depe was briefly reoccupied during the late 1st millennium BC. The archaeological levels related to this occupation are extremely poorly preserved, and this stage is mainly witnessed by a particular pottery complex. Preliminary and ongoing researches on this pottery complex suggest that it principally includes Hellenistic-period vessels associated with some more unusual shapes. This association of material finds analogies in the area of interaction between the northern and the southern parts of Central Asia (i.e., in Uzbekistan, in a territory stretching from Tashkent to the Aral Sea through the Syr Darya area). In this paper, we will present a first overview of these discoveries, placing Ulug-depe at the crossroads of different cultural groups, sedentary and possibly nomadic, at the end of the 1st millennium BC.

The Citadel of Ulug Depe and the Iron Age Archaeological Sequence in Southern Central Asia

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (0) ◽  
pp. 479-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rémy BOUCHARLAT ◽  
Henri-Paul FRANCFORT ◽  
Olivier LECOMTE
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Southern Central

Animal exploitation in the oases: an archaeozoological review of Iron Age sites in southern Central Asia

Antiquity ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (357) ◽  
pp. 655-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Lhuillier ◽  
Marjan Mashkour
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Southern Central ◽  
Image Position

Abstract

OREL SECURITY OFFICER BORIS GORDON AND THE «RED CHAPEL»

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-175
Author(s):  
A.Yu. SARAN ◽  
◽  
M.V. SOKOLOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Nazi Germany ◽  
Career Ladder ◽  
Security Officer ◽  
State Security ◽  
Successful Career ◽  
The North ◽  
South Central ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Party Work

The purpose of the article is to study the biography of B.M. Gordon as a successful security officer in the 1920-s and 1930-s. He worked his way up the career ladder from a junior investigator to the head of regional divisions – territorial bodies of the VChK/GPU/OGPU/NKVD and the legal residency of the INO GUGB of NKVD in Germany. Having started his chekist service in the Orel province, he served in the South – Central Asia, in the North – in Arkhangelsk province,in the capital of the USSR, and in the capital of Nazi Germany – Berlin. Gordon fought with the white guards and evicted the dispossessed peasants, controlled the Soviet military and gathered information about the armies of foreign countries; he managed to work at both Soviet and party work. Finally, the energetic work and successful career led Boris Moiseyevich Gordon to his death, when in 1937, J.V. Stalin decided to destroy completely all the former operational leadership of the state security agencies, replacing it with new personnel.

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