scholarly journals Coordinate based meta-analysis of whole-brain voxel-based morphometry studies does not show evidence of grey matter loss specific to PTSD

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Tench ◽  
Radu Tanasescu ◽  
Ketan D. Jethwa ◽  
Cris S. Constantinescu
Keyword(s):  
Grey Matter ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Voxel Based Morphometry ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
Post Traumatic

AbstractNeuroimaging studies have detected structural alteration in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but findings are inconsistent. This might be explained by heterogeneity between subjects with PTSD in terms of common comorbidities such as depressive and anxiety disorders and also in traumatic experience. Despite this, coordinate based meta-analysis (CBMA) has been used to try and identify localised grey matter changes, and does suggest some PTSD specific pathology. However, there are multiple technical issues that make the meta-analytic evidence questionable, warranting a re-evaluation.A literature search for voxel-based morphometry studies was performed. Only whole-brain studies using subjects with a current diagnosis of PTSD, and having a comparison group of either healthy or trauma exposed controls, were included. Twenty one voxel-based morphometry studies met the inclusion criteria. CBMA was performed to identify altered grey matter (GM) structures.Using a novel coordinate based random effect size meta-analysis, no grey matter structure was identified as being consistently altered in PTSD compared to controls. This was also verified using the activation likelihood estimate algorithm.There is no evidence, from CBMA, of consistent localised grey matter changes specific to PTSD. Inconsistency may reflect true heterogeneity in PTSD pathology or methodological issues with imaging and/or analysis, limiting the detection of PTSD specific pathology.

scholarly journals Gray Matter alterations in MS and CIS: a Coordinate based Meta-analysis and regression

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonika Singh ◽  
Christopher Tench ◽  
Radu Tanasescu ◽  
Cris Constantinescu
Keyword(s):  
Grey Matter ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Type I Error ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Clinically Isolated Syndrome ◽  
Type I ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Voxel Based Morphometry

AbstractThe purpose of this coordinate based meta-analysis (CBMA) was to summarise the available evidence related to regional grey matter (GM) changes in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). CBMA is a way to find the consistent results across multiple independent studies that are otherwise not easily comparable due to methodological differences. The coordinate based random effect size (CBRES) meta-analysis method utilizes the reported coordinates (foci of the clusters of GM loss) and Z score standardised by number of subjects, controlling type I error rate by false cluster discovery rate (FCDR). Thirty-four published articles reporting forty-five independent studies using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) for the assessment of GM atrophy between MS or CIS patients and healthy controls were identified from electronic databases. The primary meta-analysis identified clusters of spatially consistent cross-study reporting of GM atrophy; subgroup analyses and meta-regression were also performed. This meta-analysis demonstrates consistent areas of GM loss in MS or CIS, in the form of significant clusters. Some clusters also demonstrate correlation with disease duration.

scholarly journals Pharmacotherapy for post-traumatic stress disorder: Systematic review and meta-analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 206 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew Hoskins ◽  
Jennifer Pearce ◽  
Andrew Bethell ◽  
Liliya Dankova ◽  
Corrado Barbui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

BackgroundPharmacological treatment is widely used for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) despite questions over its efficacy.AimsTo determine the efficacy of all types of pharmacotherapy, as monotherapy, in reducing symptoms of PTSD, and to assess acceptability.MethodA systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials was undertaken; 51 studies were included.ResultsSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors were found to be statistically superior to placebo in reduction of PTSD symptoms but the effect size was small (standardised mean difference −0.23, 95% CI −0.33 to −0.12). For individual pharmacological agents compared with placebo in two or more trials, we found small statistically significant evidence of efficacy for fluoxetine, paroxetine and venlafaxine.ConclusionsSome drugs have a small positive impact on PTSD symptoms and are acceptable. Fluoxetine, paroxetine and venlafaxine may be considered as potential treatments for the disorder. For most drugs there is inadequate evidence regarding efficacy for PTSD, pointing to the need for more research in this area.

Sertraline as a treatment for PTSD: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Mooney ◽  
Janette Oakley ◽  
Michael Ferriter ◽  
Raymond Travers
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Randomised Control Trials ◽  
Post Traumatic

AbstractObjective: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most prevalent psychological disorders. Methods to alleviate its symptoms range from ‘talking therapies’ to pharmaceutical interventions. Our objective was to carry out a systematic review of the effectiveness of sertraline, an SSRI, as a treatment for PTSD.Method: Databases were searched to identify relevant research on sertraline as a treatment for PTSD.Results: Five randomised control trials were identified, along with seven open trials and case series studies.Conclusions: The review and meta-analysis supported the use of sertraline for PTSD though further research on sub-group differences (eg. gender) is required.

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