scholarly journals Reduced Salience and Enhanced Central Executive Connectivity Following PTSD Treatment

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chadi Abdallah ◽  
Christopher Averill ◽  
Amy Ramage ◽  
Lynnette Averill ◽  
Evelyn Alkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Central Executive ◽  
Cognitive Processing Therapy ◽  
Primary Analysis ◽  
Symptom Provocation ◽  
Ptsd Treatment ◽  
Central Executive Network

BACKGROUND: In soldiers with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), symptom provocation was found to induce increased connectivity within the salience network, as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and global brain connectivity with global signal regression (GBCr). However, it is unknown whether these GBCr disturbances would normalize following effective PTSD treatment. METHODS: 69 US Army soldiers with (n = 42) and without PTSD (n = 27) completed fMRI at rest and during symptom provocation using subject-specific script imagery. Then, participants with PTSD received 6 weeks (12 sessions) of group cognitive processing therapy (CPT) or present-centered therapy (PCT). At week 8, all participants repeated the fMRI scans. The primary analysis used a region-of-interest approach to determine the effect of treatment on salience GBCr. A secondary analysis was conducted to explore the pattern of GBCr alterations post-treatment in PTSD participants compared to controls. RESULTS: Over the treatment period, PCT significantly reduced salience GBCr (p = .02). Compared to controls, salience GBCr was high pretreatment (PCT, p = .01; CPT, p = .03) and normalized post-PCT (p = .53), but not post-CPT (p = .006). Whole-brain secondary analysis found high GBCr within the central executive network in PTSD participants compared to controls. Post hoc exploratory analyses showed significant increases in executive GBCr following CPT treatment (p = .01). CONCLUSION: The results support previous models relating CPT to central executive network and enhanced cognitive control while unraveling a previously unknown neurobiological mechanism of PCT treatment, demonstrating treatment-specific reduction in salience connectivity during trauma recollection.

Sensory Processing Sensitivity Predicts Individual Differences in Resting-State Functional Connectivity Associated with Depth of Processing

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Bianca P. Acevedo ◽  
Tyler Santander ◽  
Robert Marhenke ◽  
Arthur Aron ◽  
Elaine Aron
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Depth Of Processing ◽  
Sensory Processing Sensitivity

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) is a biologically based temperament trait associated with enhanced awareness and responsivity to environmental and social stimuli. Individuals with high SPS are more affected by their environments, which may result in overarousal, cognitive depletion, and fatigue. <b><i>Method:</i></b> We examined individual differences in resting-state (rs) brain connectivity (using functional MRI) as a function of SPS among a group of adults (<i>M</i> age = 66.13 ± 11.44 years) immediately after they completed a social affective “empathy” task. SPS was measured with the Highly Sensitive Person (HSP) Scale and correlated with rs brain connectivity. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Results showed enhanced rs brain connectivity within the ventral attention, dorsal attention, and limbic networks as a function of greater SPS. Region of interest analyses showed increased rs brain connectivity between the hippocampus and the precuneus (implicated in episodic memory); while weaker connectivity was shown between the amygdala and the periaqueductal gray (important for anxiety), and the hippocampus and insula (implicated in habitual cognitive processing). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The present study showed that SPS is associated with rs brain connectivity implicated in attentional control, consolidation of memory, physiological homeostasis, and deliberative cognition. These results support theories proposing “depth of processing” as a central feature of SPS and highlight the neural processes underlying this cardinal feature of the trait.

Predictors of change in cognitive processing therapy for veterans in a residential PTSD treatment program

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C. Hale ◽  
Jessica L. Rodriguez ◽  
Theodore P. Wright ◽  
Scott A. Driesenga ◽  
C. Richard Spates
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Treatment Program ◽  
Cognitive Processing Therapy ◽  
Ptsd Treatment ◽  
Predictors Of Change

Comparing PTSD treatment retention among survivors of military sexual trauma utilizing clinical video technology and in-person approaches

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 443-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M Valentine ◽  
Shannon D Donofry ◽  
Rachel B Broman ◽  
Erin R Smith ◽  
Sheila AM Rauch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Sexual Trauma ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Cognitive Processing Therapy ◽  
Military Sexual Trauma ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Video Technology ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Ptsd Treatment ◽  
Delivery Format

Introduction Interventions such as Prolonged Exposure (PE) and Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) have demonstrated efficacy for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following military sexual trauma (MST). However, MST survivors report a number of logistical and social barriers that impede treatment engagement. In an effort to address these barriers, the Veterans Health Administration offers remote delivery of services using clinical video technology (CVT). Evidence suggests PE and CPT can be delivered effectively via CVT. However, it is unclear whether rates of veteran retention in PTSD treatment for MST delivered remotely is comparable to in-person delivery in standard care. Methods Data were drawn from veterans ( N = 171, 18.1% CVT-enrolled) with PTSD following MST who were engaged in either PE or CPT delivered either via CVT or in person. Veterans chose their preferred treatment modality and delivery format in collaboration with providers. Data were analysed to evaluate full completion (FP) of the protocol and completion of a minimally adequate care (MAC) number of sessions. Results FP treatment completion rates did not differ significantly by treatment delivery format. When evaluating receipt of MAC care, CVT utilizers were significantly less likely to complete. Kaplan–Meier analyses of both survival periods detected significant differences in attrition speed, with the CVT group having higher per-session attrition earlier in treatment. Discussion Disengagement from CVT-delivered treatment generally coincided with early imaginal exposures and writing of trauma narratives. CVT providers may have to take special care to develop rapport and problem-solve anticipated barriers to completion to retain survivors in effective trauma-focused interventions.

scholarly journals Predictors of differential PTSD treatment outcomes between veteran and civilian women after cognitive processing therapy.

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn L. Gobin ◽  
Margaret-Anne Mackintosh ◽  
Emy Willis ◽  
Carolyn B. Allard ◽  
Karen Kloezeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Cognitive Processing Therapy ◽  
Ptsd Treatment ◽  
Civilian Women

THE IMPACT OF DISSOCIATION ON PTSD TREATMENT WITH COGNITIVE PROCESSING THERAPY

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 718-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Resick ◽  
Michael K. Suvak ◽  
Benjamin D. Johnides ◽  
Karen S. Mitchell ◽  
Katherine M. Iverson
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Cognitive Processing Therapy ◽  
Ptsd Treatment ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Drivers of Preference for Evidence-Based PTSD Treatment: A Qualitative Assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 303-310
Author(s):  
Bella Etingen ◽  
Kathleen M Grubbs ◽  
Juliette M Harik
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Cognitive Processing Therapy ◽  
Stress Inoculation ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Ptsd Treatment

ABSTRACT Introduction Mental health treatment utilization among persons with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) tends to be low but may be improved by aligning treatment with patient preferences. Our objective was to characterize the reasons that drive a person’s selection of a specific evidence-based PTSD treatment. Materials and Methods Data were collected using an online survey of adults who screened positive for PTSD. Participants viewed descriptions of five evidence-based PTSD treatments (cognitive processing therapy, prolonged exposure, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, stress inoculation training, antidepressant medication) and identified their most preferred treatment. Participants then explained why they selected their top choice. These free-text responses (n = 249) were analyzed using thematic coding and constant comparative methods. Results Identified themes included (1) perceived effectiveness, (2) perceived suitability, (3) requirements of participation, (4) familiarity with the modality, (5) perception of the option as ‘better than alternatives,’ (6) perception of the option as ‘not harmful,’ (7) accessibility, and (8) delivery format. Differences in themes were also examined by treatment modality. Conclusions By highlighting which pieces of information may be most important to detail when presenting different treatment options, these results can help guide treatment planning conversations, as well as the development of shared decision-making tools.

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