scholarly journals Investigating the Influence of the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Val66Met Single Nucleotide Polymorphism on Familiarity and Recollection Event-Related Potentials

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole S. McKay ◽  
David Moreau ◽  
Paul M. Corballis ◽  
Ian J. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Item Recognition ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Familiarity And Recollection

AbstractThe Val66Met single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) has previously been reported to impact performance on recognition memory tasks. Whether the two subprocesses of recognition—familiarity and recollection—are differentially impacted by the Val66Met SNP remains unknown. Using event-related potentials (ERPs) recorded during a source memory task, we attempted to dissociate these two subprocesses. Behaviourally, we used participants’ scores on an item-recognition subtask as a measure of familiarity, and participants’ scores on a source-recognition subtask as a measure of recollection. Our findings reveal that Val/Val individuals outperform Met allele carriers on the item-but not the source-recognition task. Electrophysiologically, we were interested in the N400, an early frontal component previously linked to familiarity, and the late positive complex (LPC), a posterior component linked to recollection. We found evidence for Val/Val individuals having larger amplitudes of the LPC compared to Met allele carriers, and evidence for no difference in the N400 amplitudes of these groups. Based on the lack of dissociation between familiarity- and recollection-specific ERPs at the LPC time window, we argue that our behavioural and ERP results might reflect better item-recognition for Val/Val individuals compared to Met allele carriers. We further suggest that both these results reflect differences related to familiarity, rather than recollection.

scholarly journals Age-by-Emotion Interactions in Memory Retrieval Processes: An Event-Related Potential Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1101-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaclyn H Ford ◽  
Elizabeth A Kensinger
Keyword(s):  
Time Window ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Retrieval Processes ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Component Processes ◽  
Effect Of Age

Abstract Objectives Although research has identified age-by-emotion interactions in memory performance and in neural recruitment during retrieval, it remains unclear which retrieval processes are affected. The temporal resolution of event-related potentials (ERPs) provides a way to examine different component processes that operate during retrieval. Methods In the present study, younger and older adults encoded neutral and emotional images paired with neutral titles. ERPs were assessed during a recognition memory task in which participants viewed neutral titles and indicated whether each had been presented during encoding. Results An age-related posterior-to-anterior shift began in a time window typically associated with recollection-related processes (500–800 ms) while an age-by-emotion interaction occurred only during a later measurement window (800–1,200 ms). Discussion These findings suggest an effect of age on mechanisms supporting retrieval of episodic content, prior to post-retrieval processing. The potential relations to different types of detail retrieval are discussed. Further, the later age-by-emotion interactions suggest that age influences the effect of emotion on post-retrieval processes, specifically.

UTILIZATION OF DNA MARKERS FOR EVALUATING AMYLOSE CONTENT OF GRAIN IN RICE

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dương Thanh Thủy ◽  
Taiichiro Ookawa
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Waxy Gene ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Branching Enzymes ◽  
Wx Gene ◽  
High Amylose ◽  
Suitable Marker ◽  
Granule Bound Starch Synthase

The sensory and functional properties of rice are predominantly associated with its amylose content. Granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS) encoded by the Waxy (Wx) gene determines the synthesis of amylose, while starch branching enzymes encoded by Sbe genes are involved in the formation of amylopectin. Some studies have demonstrated that Wx gene is the major controller of amylose content but there are one or more modifying genes affecting the amylose content. Three markers,  microsatellite, Single – nucleotide – polymorphism (G/T SNP) in Wx gene and Single – nucleotide – polymorphism (T/C SNP) in Sbe1 gene, were tested for their association with amylose content using sixty-nine  rice accessions from twenty countries. Of the three markers, two markers in Wx gene are significantly associated with amylose content. The combination of two markers in Wx gene (haplotypes) explained 83.8% of the variation in amylose content and discriminated the three market classes of glutinous, low, intermediate and high amylose content of rice from each other. And T/C SNP in Sbe1 locus was not a suitable marker for amylose content. Keywords: marker, amylose content, Waxy gene.

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