Разработан гидродинамический метод расчета селективного водозаборного процесса в водоеме с непрерывной по всей глубине плотностной стратификацией.
В качестве математической модели водозаборного процесса использована краевая задача линейной теории поверхностных гравитационных волн малой амплитуды в идеальной несжимаемой и неоднородной жидкости. Получена совокупность расчетных формул, которая позволяет решить задачу водоснабжения промышленных предприятий, в том числе тепловых и атомных электростанций, из водоемов с непрерывной плотностной стратификацией. Предлагаемый метод расчета позволяет определить скорость водозабора через окно и высоту водозаборного окна, которые обеспечивают надлежащее положение поверхности раздела, соответствующее заданной плотности (температуры) забираемой воды.
The purpose of this work is to develop the hydrodynamic calculation method for selective water-intake process applied to the problem of water supply to industrial enterprises, including thermal and atomic power stations using the reservoirs with the continuous density stratification. In the method of solving the problem, the variation of density along the depth is approximated by an exponential function. The water is taken through a window arranged on the side of the water body. The boundary value problem for the linear theory of surface gravity waves of small amplitude in an ideal
incompressible and inhomogeneous fluid is used as a mathematical model of the water intake process.
As a result, a set of calculation formulas has been obtained that allows solving the problem of water supply to industrial enterprises, including thermal and nuclear power stations, from water bodies with a continuous density stratification along the depth. Computational experiments have been performed, the results of which are given in the form of graphs of the dependence of the thickness of the bottom layer of water sucking the window on the density Froude number and on the height of the water intake window. The following conclusions are made on the basis of the comparison of the developed hydrodynamic calculation method compared with the existing hydraulic method:
1. In the existing hydraulic method of calculation, only the law of the dependence of the thickness of the suction ground layer of water on the density Froude number is described, however the nature of its dependence on the height of the water intake
window is not established.
2. In the hydrodynamic calculation method of selective water-intake process developed in the article, the law of the dependence of the sucking through the window water ground layer thickness both on the density Froude number and on the height of waterintake window is established.
3. In connection with the aforementioned deficiency of the hydraulic calculation method, in reservoirs characterized by a continuous density stratification in depth, calculations and design of selective water intake devices should be carried out according to the hydrodynamic method developed in the article.
Retention of rising droplets in density stratification
