scholarly journals Alternative Oxidase in Resistance to Biotic Stresses: Nicotiana attenuata AOX Contributes to Resistance to a Pathogen and a Piercing-Sucking Insect But Not Manduca sexta Larvae

2012 ◽  
Vol 160 (3) ◽  
pp. 1453-1467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Youngjoo Oh ◽  
Hongyu Li ◽  
Ian T. Baldwin ◽  
Ivan Galis
Keyword(s):  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Alternative Oxidase ◽  
Nicotiana Attenuata ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Manduca Sexta Larvae

Instar-specific sensitivity of specialist Manduca sexta larvae to induced defences in their host plant Nicotiana attenuata

2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 578-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Van Dam ◽  
Uta Hermenau ◽  
Ian T. Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Nicotiana Attenuata ◽  
Specific Sensitivity ◽  
Induced Defences ◽  
Manduca Sexta Larvae

A New Acyclic Diterpene Glycoside from Nicotiana attenuata with a Mild Deterrent Effect on Feeding Manduca sexta Larvae

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 1138-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Reza Jassbi ◽  
Simin Zamanizadehnajari ◽  
Danny Kessler ◽  
Ian T. Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
Nicotiana Attenuata ◽  
2D Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Bioassay Guided Fractionation ◽  
Manduca Sexta Larvae ◽  
Apci Mass Spectrometry

Abstract To investigate the role of secondary metabolites in the feeding behavior of Manduca sexta larvae feeding on Nicotiana attenuata, an aqueous acetone extract of the aerial parts of the plant was subjected to feeding-performance bioassay-guided fractionation. We isolated three 20- hydroxygeranyllinalool glycosides from the leaves of N. attenuata, which acted as mild deterrents to the feeding herbivore M. sexta. One of the diterpenoid glycosides, attenoside (3), is a novel natural product. The structures of the compounds were determined using APCI mass spectrometry and 1- and 2D-NMR spectroscopy.

Eating the evidence? Manduca sexta larvae can not disrupt specific jasmonate induction in Nicotiana attenuata by rapid consumption

Planta ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 210 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Schittko ◽  
Catherine A. Preston ◽  
Ian T. Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Nicotiana Attenuata ◽  
Manduca Sexta Larvae

scholarly journals Ethylene is a local modulator of jasmonate‐dependent phenolamide accumulation during Manduca sexta herbivory in Nicotiana attenuata

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florent Figon ◽  
Ian T. Baldwin ◽  
Emmanuel Gaquerel
Keyword(s):  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Nicotiana Attenuata

scholarly journals Hawkmoths evaluate scenting flowers with the tip of their proboscis

eLife ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Haverkamp ◽  
Felipe Yon ◽  
Ian W Keesey ◽  
Christine Mißbach ◽  
Christopher Koenig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Floral Scent ◽  
Nicotiana Attenuata ◽  
Floral Volatiles ◽  
Pollen Transfer ◽  
Olfactory Neurons ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Choice Tests

Pollination by insects is essential to many ecosystems. Previously, we have shown that floral scent is important to mediate pollen transfer between plants (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="bib16">Kessler et al., 2015</xref>). Yet, the mechanisms by which pollinators evaluate volatiles of single flowers remained unclear. Here, Nicotiana attenuata plants, in which floral volatiles have been genetically silenced and its hawkmoth pollinator, Manduca sexta, were used in semi-natural tent and wind-tunnel assays to explore the function of floral scent. We found that floral scent functions to increase the fitness of individual flowers not only by increasing detectability but also by enhancing the pollinator's foraging efforts. Combining proboscis choice tests with neurophysiological, anatomical and molecular analyses we show that this effect is governed by newly discovered olfactory neurons on the tip of the moth's proboscis. With the tip of their tongue, pollinators assess the advertisement of individual flowers, an ability essential for maintaining this important ecosystem service.

An examination of cuticle chitin and protein in cyromazine-affected Manduca sexta larvae

1991 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.C. Kotze ◽  
S.E. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Manduca Sexta Larvae

Patterned activation of unpaired median neurons during fictive crawling in manduca sexta larvae

1999 ◽  
Vol 202 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M. Johnston ◽  
C. Consoulas ◽  
H. Pflüger ◽  
R.B. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Motor Pattern ◽  
Intracellular Recordings ◽  
Subesophageal Ganglion ◽  
Synaptic Inputs ◽  
Functional Consequences ◽  
Manduca Sexta Larvae ◽  
Synaptic Drive

The unpaired median neurons are common to the segmental ganglia of many insects. Although some of the functional consequences of their activation, among them the release of octopamine to modulate muscle contraction, have been described, less is understood about how and when these neurons are recruited during movement. The present study demonstrates that peripherally projecting unpaired median neurons in the abdominal and thoracic ganglia of the larval tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta are recruited rhythmically during the fictive crawling motor activity that is produced by the isolated central nervous system in response to pilocarpine. Regardless of the muscles to which they project, the efferent unpaired median neurons in all segmental ganglia are depolarized together during the phase of the crawling cycle when the thoracic leg levator motoneurons are active. During fictive crawling, therefore, the unpaired median neurons are not necessarily active in synchrony with the muscles to which they project. The rhythmical synaptic drive of the efferent unpaired median neurons is derived, at least in part, from a source within the subesophageal ganglion, even when the motor pattern is evoked by exposing only the more posterior ganglia to pilocarpine. In pairwise intracellular recordings from unpaired median neurons in different ganglia, prominent excitatory postsynaptic potentials, which occur with an anterior-to-posterior delay in both neurons, are seen to underlie the rhythmic depolarizations. One model consistent with these findings is that one or more neurons within the subesophageal ganglion, which project posteriorly to the segmental ganglia and ordinarily provide unpatterned synaptic inputs to all efferent unpaired median neurons, become rhythmically active during fictive crawling in response to ascending information from the segmental pattern-generating network.

Uptake and Binding of Ponasterone A in the Brain of Fifth Stadium Manduca Sexta Larvae

1990 ◽  
pp. 405-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Jürgen Bidmon ◽  
Walter E. Stumpf ◽  
Noelle A. Granger
Keyword(s):  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Manduca Sexta Larvae ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Ponasterone A

scholarly journals Cardioactive Peptides from the CNS of a Caterpillar, the Tobacco Hornworm, Manduca Sexta

1985 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 397-414
Author(s):  
Nicholas Platt ◽  
Stuart E. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Corpora Allata ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
Partial Purification ◽  
Relative Molecular Mass ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Frontal Ganglion ◽  
Manduca Sexta Larvae

1. A semi-isolated caterpillar heart bioassay was used to detect the presence of endogenous cardioactive material in the CNS of Manduca sexta larvae. 2. Cardioactivity was detected in all nervous tissue examined. Most activity (about 70% of the total in the CNS) was in the ganglia of the abdominal nerve cord (ANC). Cardioactivity was also detected in the abdominal transverse nerves, the proctodeal nerves and the corpora cardiaca/corpora allata. The source with the highest specific activity was the frontal ganglion. 3. Two factors, separable by Sephadex gel filtration, were distinguished in extracts of ANC: CAF 1, which has an estimated relative molecular mass (Mr) of about 4000, and CAF2 for which Mr is probably less than 1000. Both factors are apparently peptides. Neither is similar to any known insect cardioaccelerator. 4. Both CAF 1 and CAF 2 are able to cause cardioacceleration when injected into tetrodotoxin-paralysed caterpillars. 5. CAF 2 is present in both larvae and in adults. CAF 1 is present only in the caterpillar. The larval heart responds to both factors; the adult heart responds only to CAF 2. 6. Partial purification of CAF 1 and CAF 2 by reverse-phase HPLC gives a single peak of bioactivity in each case. 7. The biological activity of CAF 1 is destroyed by α-chymotrypsin, but not by trypsin. CAF 2 is not attacked by trypsin or by α-chymotrypsin. Treatment with performic acid or cyanogen bromide destroys the activity of both CAF 1 and CAF 2.

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