scholarly journals Crystal structure of monoclinic calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (m-CPPD) involved in inflammatory reactions and osteoarthritis

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Gras ◽  
Christian Rey ◽  
Gilles André ◽  
Cédric Charvillat ◽  
Stéphanie Sarda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Calcium Pyrophosphate ◽  
Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Monoclinic System ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Pyrophosphate Dihydrate

Pure monoclinic calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (m-CPPD) has been synthesized and characterized by synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction and neutron diffraction. Rietveld refinement of complementary diffraction data has, for the first time, allowed the crystal structure of m-CPPD to be solved. The monoclinic systemP21/nwas confirmed and unit-cell parameters determined:a= 12.60842 (4),b= 9.24278 (4),c= 6.74885 (2) Å and β = 104.9916 (3)°. Neutron diffraction data especially have allowed the precise determination of the position of H atoms in the structure. The relationship between the m-CPPD crystal structure and that of the triclinic calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (t-CPPD) phase as well as other pyrophosphate phases involving other divalent cations are discussed by considering the inflammatory potential of these phases and/or their involvement in different diseases. These original structural data represent a key step in the understanding of the mechanisms of crystal formation involved in different types of arthritis and to improve early detection of calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) phasesin vivo.

Ultrasound detection of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposits in menisci: a pilot in vivo and ex vivo study: Table 1

2012 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 1426-1427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Filippou ◽  
Panagiotis Bozios ◽  
Dario Gambera ◽  
Sauro Lorenzini ◽  
Ilaria Bertoldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Calcium Pyrophosphate ◽  
Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate ◽  
Pyrophosphate Dihydrate ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

scholarly journals Upregulation of ANK Protein Expression in Joint Tissue in Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Crystal Deposition Disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miwa Uzuki ◽  
Takashi Sawai ◽  
Lawrence M. Ryan ◽  
Ann K. Rosenthal ◽  
Ikuko Masuda
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Pyrophosphate ◽  
Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Type X Collagen ◽  
Crystal Deposition ◽  
Chondrocyte Hypertrophy ◽  
Inorganic Pyrophosphate ◽  
Crystal Deposition Disease ◽  
Cppd Crystal ◽  
Pyrophosphate Dihydrate

Objective.Accumulation of excess extracellular inorganic pyrophosphate leads to calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal formation in articular cartilage. CPPD crystal formation occurs near morphologically abnormal chondrocytes resembling hypertrophic chondrocytes. The ANK protein was recently implicated as an important factor in the transport of intracellular inorganic pyrophosphate across the cell membrane. We characterized ANK in joint tissues from patients with and without CPPD deposition and correlated the presence of ANK with markers of chondrocyte hypertrophy.Methods.Articular tissues were obtained from 24 patients with CPPD crystal deposition disease, 11 patients with osteoarthritis (OA) without crystals, and 6 controls. We determined the number of ANK–positive cells in joint tissues using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, and correlated ANK positivity with markers of chondrocyte hypertrophy including Runx2, type X collagen, osteopontin (OPN), and osteocalcin (OCN).Results.ANK was detected in synoviocytes, chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and osteocytes. ANK was seen extracellularly only in the matrix of cartilage and meniscus. The number of ANK-positive cells was significantly higher in CPPD than in OA or normal joint tissues. The amount and intensity of ANK immunoreactivity reached maximum levels in the large chondrocytes around crystal deposits. ANK was similarly distributed to and significantly correlated with Runx2, type X collagen, OPN, and OCN.Conclusion.ANK levels were higher in articular tissues from patients with CPPD deposition. ANK was concentrated around crystal deposits and correlated with markers of chondrocyte hypertrophy. These findings support a role for ANK in CPPD crystal formation in cartilage.

Synthesis, crystal structure, and X-ray diffraction data of lithium m-phenylenediamine sulfate Li2(C6H10N2)(SO4)2

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Junyan Zhou ◽  
Congcong Chai ◽  
Munan Hao ◽  
Xin Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Structural Phase ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Monoclinic System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Anisotropic Expansion ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

A new organic–inorganic hybrid lithium m-phenylenediamine sulfate (LPS), Li2(C6H10N2)(SO4)2, was synthesized under aqueous solution conditions. The X-ray powder diffraction study determined that the title compound crystallized in a monoclinic system at 300 K, with unit-cell parameters a = 7.8689(6) Å, b = 6.6353(5) Å, c = 11.8322(10) Å, β = 109.385(3) °, V = 582.77(8) Å3. Indexing of the diffraction patterns collected from 100 to 600 K reveals that LPS has no structural phase transition within the measured temperature range, and the volume expansion coefficient is approximately 2.79 × 10−5 K−1. The crystal structure was solved based on the single-crystal diffraction data with space group P21/m. Lithium and SO42− are found to form quasi-two-dimensional anti-fluorite [LiSO4] layers stacking along the c-axis, with m-phenylenediamine molecules inserted in the anti-fluorite layers and forming hydrogen bonds to the SO42−. This explains a moderate anisotropic expansion in LPS.

scholarly journals Dexamethasone Promotes Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Crystal Formation by Articular Chondrocytes

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARK FAHEY ◽  
ELIZABETH MITTON ◽  
EMILY MUTH ◽  
ANN K. ROSENTHAL
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Articular Chondrocytes ◽  
Calcium Pyrophosphate ◽  
Factor Xiiia ◽  
Nucleoside Triphosphate ◽  
Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Cppd Crystal ◽  
Tissue Culture Model ◽  
Pyrophosphate Dihydrate

Objective.Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystals are commonly found in osteoarthritic joints and correlate with a poor prognosis. Intraarticular corticosteroids, such as dexamethasone (Dxm), are commonly used therapies for osteoarthritis with or without CPPD deposition. Dxm has variable effects in mineralization models. We investigated the effects of Dxm on CPPD crystal formation in a well established tissue culture model.Methods.Porcine articular chondrocytes were incubated with ATP to generate CPPD crystals. Chondrocytes incubated with or without ATP were exposed to 1–100 nM Dxm in the presence of 45Ca. Mineralization was measured by 45Ca uptake in the cell layer. We also investigated the effect of Dxm on mineralization-regulating enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase, nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase (NTPPPH), and transglutaminase.Results.Dxm significantly increased ATP-induced mineralization by articular chondrocytes. While alkaline phosphatase and NTPPPH activities were unchanged by Dxm, transglutaminase activity increased in a dose-responsive manner. Levels of Factor XIIIA mRNA and protein were increased by Dxm, while type II Tgase protein was unchanged. Transglutaminase inhibitors suppressed Dxminduced increases in CPPD crystal formation.Conclusion.These findings suggest a potential for Dxm to contribute to pathologic mineralization in cartilage and reinforce a central role for the transglutaminase enzymes in CPPD crystal formation.

scholarly journals Clearance of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in vivo

1979 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1122-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Mccarty ◽  
David W. Palmer ◽  
Christopher James
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Pyrophosphate ◽  
Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate ◽  
Pyrophosphate Dihydrate ◽  
Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Crystals
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